What are the limitations of natural observation?

observer effect, observer bias, anthropomorphic fallacy

Who is the main theorist/s of behaviouralism psychology?

John B. Watson, B.F Skinner, Ivan Pavlov

What are the 4 goals of psychology?

Description, understanding, prediction, control

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Duplicate of Psychology Session 1

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531 Psychology Session/Lecture 1

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Questions 84

Answers

1
The variables that are measured,demonstrate effects that independent variables have on behavior
Confounding variable
Independent variable
Extraneous variable
Dependent variable
2
Any theory of behavior that emphasizes internal conflicts, motives and unconscious forces
Structuralism
Behaviourism
Functionalism
Psychoanalytic
3
are exposed to all other variables except the independent variable:
Experimental group
Control group
4
Any unfounded system that resembles psychology and is not based on scientific testing
Falsification
Operational definition
Pseudopsychologies
Hypothesizing
5
Variables that you did not account for or were unable to control
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Extraneous variable
Confounding variable
6
Participants have no idea whether they get real treatment or placebo
Participant-blind experiment
Double-blind experiment
Researcher-blind experiment
Single-blind experiment
7
Behavior that can not be directly observed e.g memory
Covert
Overt
8
Participants and researchers have no idea whether the subjects get real treatment or placebo
Double-blind experiment
Single-blind experiment
Researcher-blind experiment
Participant-blind experiment
9
Behavior that can be directly observed e.g crying
Covert
Overt
10
The study of human strengths, virtues and effective functioning
Socio-cultural psychology
Psychological psychology
Evolutionary psychology
Positive psychology
11
when individuals believe that personality descriptions apply specifically to them:
Observer effect
Observer bias
Barnum effect
Confirmation bias
12
What are the limitations of natural observation?
researcher bias, observer bias, courtesy bias
observer effect, observer bias, anthropomorphic fallacy
Self-fulfilling prophecy, researcher bias, observer effect
Observer effect, confirmation bias, barnum effect
13
Yields empirical evidence through direct observation and measurement
Researcher bias
Research observation
Scientific observation
Scientific control
14
Being able to alter the conditions that influence behaviors is:
Understanding
Prediction
Description
Control
15
Studies designed to measure the degree of a relationship between 2 or more events or variables
Correlational studies
Hypothesis studies
Natural observation
Comparative observation
16
Who is the main theorist/s of psychoanalytic psychology?
Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow
Sigmund Freud
Norbert Weiner, Ulric Neisser, George Miller
John B. Watson, B.F Skinner, Ivan Pavlov
17
When was psychology first taught in New Zealand Universities?
1850
1902
1906
1869
18
A person highly trained in the methods, factual knowledge and theories of psychology
Counsellor
Psychiatrist
Psychologist
Psychoanalyst
19
Being able to state the causes of a behavior is:
Understanding
Prediction
Description
Control
20
Psychology was usually affiliated with what other subject at university?
English
Philosophy
Biology
Sociology
21
Who is the main theorist/s of behaviouralism psychology?
William James
Max Wertheimer
John B. Watson, B.F Skinner, Ivan Pavlov
Edward Titchener
22
System of ideas that summarizes existing data and predicts future observations
Theory
Hypothesis
Critical guess
Operational definition
23
The attempt to explain behavior in terms of underlying biological principles
Biological perspective
Evolutionary psychology
Psychological psychology
Socio-cultural psychology
24
Tendency to notice and remember information that confirms our expectations
Observer effect
Confirmation bias
Observer bias
Barnum effect
25
What New Zealander published research in a British Psychology journal?
E. Beaglehole
E. Hemingway
C.E Beeby
J. Frame
26
Defines a scientific concept by stating specific actions or procedures used to measure it
Hypothesis
Critical guess
Operational definition
Prediction
27
Asking if a belief is supported by scientific theory and systematic observation
Falsification
Operational definition
Critical thinking
Wonderment
28
Changes in participants behavior caused by the influence of their expectations
Confirmation bias
Observer effect
Self-fullfilling prophecy
Researcher participant bias
29
A prediction that leads people to act in ways that make the prediction come true
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Courtesy bias
Researcher participant bias
Researcher bias
30
Being able to name and classify various observable, measurable behaviours is:
Prediction
Understanding
Control
Description
31
What are the 4 goals of psychology?
Describe, hypothesize, test, publish
Describe, validate, reinforce, theorize
Description, understanding, prediction, control
Idea, theory, test, publish
32
Who is the main theorist/s of functionalism psychology?
Max Wertheimer
John B. Watson, B.F Skinner, Ivan Pavlov
Edward Titchener
William James
33
Natural events, such as accidents, that provide psychological data
Representative sampling
Natural clinical tests
Survey
Case study
34
Confirmable by more than one observer
Intrasubjective
Intersubjective
Copy-cat observations
Subjective
35
An approach to psychology that focuses on human experience, problems, potentials and ideals
Structuralism
Humanistic
Gestalt
Cognitive
36
In research, a tendency to give “polite” or socially desirable answers
Courtesy bias
Researcher participant bias
Researcher bias
Observer bias
37
The group of participants exposed to the independent variable
Control group
Experimental group
38
The school of psychology that emphasizes the study of overt, observable behavior
Functionalism
Structuralism
Behaviourism
Psychoanalytic
39
Emphasizes the study of thinking, learning and perception in whole units, not in parts
Cognitive
Humanistic
Structuralism
Gestalt
40
What psychologists studies human thinking and information processing abilities?
Developmental psychologists
Social psychologists
Cognitive psychologists
Evolutionary psychologists
41
In-depth focus on all aspects of a single person
Representative sampling
Natural clinical tests
Case study
Survey
42
What psychologists studies how behavior is guided by patterns that evolved during time?
Social psychologists
Cognitive psychologists
Developmental psychologists
Evolutionary psychologists
43
Changes in subjects behavior caused by an awareness of being observed
Observer effect
Observer bias
Researcher bias
Researcher participant bias
44
The ability of a test to measure what its supposed to measure
Validity
Reliability
45
The deliberate attempt to uncover how a commonsense belief or scientific theory might be false
Operational definition
Pseudopsychologies
Falsification
Superstition
46
Who is the main theorist/s of humanistic psychology?
Norbert Weiner, Ulric Neisser, George Miller
Sigmund Freud
John B. Watson, B.F Skinner, Ivan Pavlov
Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow
47
Increases in one variable are matched by decreases in the other variable
Negative correlation
Positive correlation
48
School of thought concerned with analyzing sensations & personal experience into basic elements
Functionalism
Structuralism
Behaviourism
Psychoanalytic
49
Entire group of animals or people belonging to a particular category e.g all married women
Population
Representative sample
50
Developing ones potential fully and becoming the best person possible
Achievement actualization
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Personal actualisation
Self-actualisation
51
Focus on importance of social & cultural contexts in influencing the behavior of individuals
Positive psychology
Psychological psychology
Socio-cultural psychology
Evolutionary psychology
52
What is experimental research trying to do?
To negatively/positively impact on their test subjects
To prove that they are right and everyone else is wrong
To determine cause and effect
To create relationships between items
53
Who is the main theorist/s of cognitive psychology?
John B. Watson, B.F Skinner, Ivan Pavlov
Norbert Weiner, Ulric Neisser, George Miller
Sigmund Freud
Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow
54
A medical doctor with training in diagnosis and treatment of mental and emotional disorders
Psychologist
Psychiatrist
Counsellor
Psychoanalyst
55
Public polling technique applied to answer psychological questions
Case study
Representative sampling
Natural clinical tests
Survey
56
The view that behavior is shaped by psychological processes occurring at level of th individual
Evolutionary psychology
Positive psychology
Socio-cultural psychology
Psychological psychology
57
Condition that a researcher wants to prevent from affecting the outcomes of the experiment
Independent variable
Extraneous variable
Dependent variable
Confounding variable
58
Being able to forecast behavior accurately is:
Understanding
Description
Prediction
Control
59
Attributing human thoughts, feelings or motives to animals
Anthro bias
Animal bias
Biology bias
Anthropomorphic fallacy
60
Observing behavior in a natural setting
Researcher observation
Experimental observation
Natural observation
Environmental observation
61
Concerned with how behavior and mental abilities help people adapt to their environments
Psychoanalytic
Behaviourism
Structuralism
Functionalism
62
The variable that is manipulated, condition altered by the experimenter
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Confounding variable
Extraneous variable
63
Web-based research, low cost and can reach many people
Natural clinical tests
Representative sampling
Internet survey
Case study
64
What psychologists investigates human social behavior, incl attitudes, conformity, persuasion?
Evolutionary psychologists
Cognitive psychologists
Developmental psychologists
Social psychologists
65
Small group that accurately reflects a larger population
Population
Representative sample
66
An unfounded belief held without evidence or in spite of falsifying evidence
Operational definition
Falsification
Superstition
Imagination
67
What psychologists conducts research on infant, child, adolescent and adult development?
Developmental psychologists
Social psychologists
Cognitive psychologists
Evolutionary psychologists
68
Thinks that due to taking a pill they are getting better but its just a sugar pill
Barnum effect
Placebo effect
Observer effect
Observer bias
69
Who is the main theorist/s of gestalt psychology?
Edward Titchener
John B. Watson, B.F Skinner, Ivan Pavlov
Max Wertheimer
William James
70
Data should be approximately the same each time, consistent
Validity
Reliability
71
A advisor who specializes in helping people with problems not involving serious mental disorder
Psychiatrist
Counsellor
Psychoanalyst
Psychologist
72
Where was psychology first taught in New Zealand
Otago University
Victoria University
Auckland University
Canterbury University
73
A mental health professional (usually a medical doctor) trained to practice psychoanalysis
Counsellor
Psychoanalyst
Psychologist
Psychiatrist
74
The scientific study of behaviour and mental processes
Astrology
Sociology
Psychology
Philosophy
75
What psychologists researches the brain, nervous system and other physical origins of behavior?
Bio-psychologists
Evolutionary psychologists
Cognitive psychologists
Developmental psychologists
76
Occurs when observers see what they expect to see or record only selected details
Researcher participant bias
Researcher bias
Observer effect
Observer bias
77
What NZer published a PhD in 1931 under the title “Property: A study of Social Psychology”?
E. Beaglehole
E. Smith
S.E Johnson
C.E Beeby
78
In 1950's psychology departments were set up in what universities?
Auckland, Victoria and Canterbury
AUT and Auckland Universities
Waikato, Canterbury and Auckland
Victoria and Auckland
79
An educated guess about the relationship between variables
Hypothesis
Operational definition
Prediction
Critical guess
80
Increases in one variable are matched by increases in the other variable
Positive correlation
Negative correlation
81
Changes in behavior caused by the unintended influence of the researcher
Researcher participant bias
Observer effect
Self-fullfilling prophecy
Researcher bias
82
Focuses on the study of how covert mental processes influence human behavior
Structuralism
Gestalt
Humanistic
Cognitive
83
The study of how human evolution and genetics might explain current human behavior
Positive psychology
Socio-cultural psychology
Evolutionary psychology
Psychological psychology
84
Who is the main theorist/s of structuralism psychology?
John B. Watson, B.F Skinner, Ivan Pavlov
Edward Titchener
William James
Max Wertheimer

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