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Duplicate of FoT Review
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Foundations of Technology Final Review
Flashcards
103 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
103
Answers
1
A systematic application of mathematical, scientific and technical principles is:
psychological design
engineering design
sociological design
scientific design
2
Which part of the systems model includes resources (energy, capital, people, materials, tools)?
input
feedback
output
process
3
When designing solutions to technological problems, engineers use the
Scientific method
Scientific design theory
Engineering design process
Technological theory of design
4
Which of the following is an output of an email communication system?
The sent email
The person sending the email
The modem used for Internet connection
The computer used by the person sending the email
5
Early in history of technology, the development of tools and machines was based on ___.
Technical know-how
Positive and negative effects of using technology
Technology and mathematics principles
The engineering design process
6
By defining the problem, the designer clearly identifies what humans:
like or want
like and don't like
like and want
need or want
7
Which of the answers below lists actual material properties?
Thermal, radiant, and electrical
Mechanical, thermal, and electrical
Thermal, radiant, and nuclear
Mechanical, radiant, and nuclear
8
Structural insulated panels have the ability to insulate as well as
Support weight
Collect rainwater for reuse
Act as a concrete form
Conduct electricity
9
A constraint that is concerned with cost and must be considered when designing is:
Economic
Aesthetic
Political
Social
10
Digital photography is a technological development that occurred during the
Paleolithic Age
Renaissance
Information Age
Industrial Age
11
Which is least likely to be a reason to “reverse-engineer” a technological device?
device needs to be compared to the original documentation.
Some bad features of a product need to be designed out.
analyze the features of a competitor’s product.
The original manufacturer no longer makes the product.
12
Which electronic component does the following symbol represent?
Diode
Resistor
LED
Switch
13
Which of the following is a reason a company would reverse-engineer a product?
to optimize product design
to gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace
All of the above
learn from the device to create a new technology/product
14
Specific, goal-directed research conducted by a company to design new innovations is called:
Technical know-how
Technology transfer
Research and development
Engineering design
15
A new and useful tool or process is called an ___
Innovation
Culture shift
Technology transfer
Invention
16
Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can be _____ from one form to another.
Communicated
Converted
Synthesized
Optimized
17
Most development of technologies these days is driven by ________.
Politics
Ethics
Profit motives
Morals
18
When preparing to communicate a solution to a design problem, you must:
Construct a tabletop display
Consider the viewpoint of your audience
Visit the site of your presentation the week before
Make a set of CAD drawings
19
Identified elements and/or features of a product or system are the _______________.
Efficiency
Criteria
Trade-offs
Constraints
20
Mathematical models allow engineers and designers to express ideas:
Physically
Precisely
Randomly
Conceptually
21
An automobile engine is a smaller system that is embedded into a larger ____________.
Environmental system
Technological system
Political system
Social system
22
Which of the following is a feedback mechanism for a system?
The center scroll wheel on a computer mouse
The power button on a computer monitor
The progress bar when downloading a file on iTunes
The temperature setting knob on a refrigerator
23
Isometric and orthographic are different types of:
Technical sketches/drawings
Geographic shapes
Mathematical processes
Electronic tests
24
As part of a communication system, what kind of device is a computer hard drive?
Transmitter
Storage device
Decoder
Encoder
25
The microscope is a technological development that occurred during the
Renaissance
Paleolithic Age
Information Age
Industrial Age
26
Crops grown on a farm are considered what type of resource?
Exhaustible
Renewable
Nonrenewable
Reusable
27
__ allows individuals to protect their product designs from being produced without permission.
Lawsuits
Patents
Original sketches
Trademarks
28
Wood is often used as a building material. What material is best used in the desert southwest?
Rock/stone
Steel frame
Adobe
Straw bale
29
Mathematical modeling aids in technological design by simulating how:
A proposed system might behave
Designs should be used
A solution should be designed
Physical models should be built
30
At the end of a presentation it is important to:
Display many visual aids
Discuss all your successes
Summarize your main points
Discuss all your failures
31
Agricultural businesses must do three things
Produce, process, and market
Produce, process, and distribute
Manufacture, distribute, and market
Process, manufacture, market
32
Place the following tools in the correct order from least to most durable.
Stone, iron, bronze
Bronze, stone, iron
Iron, bronze, stone
Stone, bronze, iron
33
When designing solutions to problems, which of the following is taken into account?
Engineering principles
Properties of materials
Scientific laws
All of the above
34
In science, you report your results; in engineering, you:
Define a problem
Communicate the process
Brainstorm
Build a prototype
35
Which of the personal characteristics listed below does not influence engineering design?
Ability to visualize
Sensitivity
Resourcefulness
Creativity
36
Which of the following represents an example of a fluid core technology system?
Fireplace
Solar panels
Hydraulic brakes
Remote control
37
____ is when a designer must make a choice between positive and negative impacts for a product.
Trade-off
Marketing
Principles of design
Sketching
38
What is the most significant result based on the development of windmills and waterwheels?
The rise and fall of feudalism
Popularity of money and capitalism
Beginning of mechanical labor
Humans no longer had to use their muscle to move machines
39
Mock-ups and prototypes are different types of:
Mathematical models
Psychological models
Conceptual models
Physical models
40
Which electronic component does the following symbol represent?
Diode
LED
Resistor
Switch
41
The effectiveness of the manufacturing process was increased by the introduction of
Interchangeable parts
Custom made parts
Batch production methods
Natural materials
42
The Scientific Method is a/an:
undefined circular procedure
defined linear procedure
undefined linear procedure
defined circular procedure
43
Construction is a process; which of the selections below is not in the proper sequence?
Enclosing the structure, install utilities, finish exterior
Building framework, enclosing structures, install utilities
Completing the site, building framework, install utilities
Site preparation, setting foundation, building the framework
44
Which of the constraints listed below would be considered a physical constraint?
Materials
Demand for the product
TImeline
Cost
45
In science, you form a hypothesis; in engineering, you:
define a problem
build a prototype
identify criteria
brainstorm
46
The printing press is a technological development that occurred during the
Industrial Age
Renaissance
Information Age
Middle Ages
47
A common type of computer software used to analyze data is:
word processor software
graphic design software
spreadsheet software
computer assisted design software
48
Transformations of _______ spreads around by radiation or conduction into cooler places.
energy
wind
temperature
power
49
______________ is a series of refinements to an original idea or product
Innovation
Invention
Technology transfer
Culture shift
50
_____in the reverse-engineering process involves the redesign and optimization of the product.
Documentation
Test
Disassemble
Analyze
51
Conceptual, physical, and mathematical models are used to:
Determine trade-offs
Define criteria for a solution
Evaluate design solutions
Train designers
52
The rate of technological development is __________.
Slowly decreasing
Rapidly decreasing
Rapidly increasing
Slowly increasing
53
Building a framework includes putting up wall studs and
Landscaping the outside
Framing the roof
Pouring concrete for the foundation
Installing utilities
54
Identified limitations to the design of a product or system are the _________________.
Trade-Offs
Efficiency
Constraints
Critieria
55
Core technologies, which are the building blocks of technology, are embedded within larger:
Political, ethical, and moral systems
Mechanical, structural, and electrical systems
Technological, social, and environmental systems
Optical, thermal, and fluid systems
56
Materials are classified as
Metal, plastic, and leather
Natural, synthetic, and mixed
Metal, synthetic, and leather
Natural, plastic, and leather
57
Sketching is a tool used in the creation of what type of models?
Physical
Psychological
Conceptual
Mathematical
58
The Engineering Design Process is used to:
Prove theories about technological processes.
Simplify human endeavors.
Provide solutions to human needs and wants.
Increase human knowledge and understanding of the world.
59
A characteristic of a 3D model that a 2D model does not have is:
Height
Surface area
Volume
Width
60
Which of the following is normally included in the criteria of a design?
Time
Efficiency
Budget
Materials
61
Design problems are __________ presented in a clearly defined form.
Often
Seldom
Always
Never
62
What is the median of the following data set: 1, 3, 5, 8, 8
8
5
1
3
63
Its major forms include thermal, radiant, electrical, mechanical, chemical, and nuclear.
Energy
Resistance
Power
Force
64
Agricultural products include:
Fiber, food, chemicals, and clothing
Buildings, food, fiber, and fuel
Food, fiber, fuel, and chemicals
Buildings, clothing, food, and fuel
65
Agriculture can help transportation industry reduce its dependency on foreign energy sources by
Providing more milk to transport to the creamery
Hiring cowboys to herd cattle to the stockyards
Not shipping produce cross country
Producing grain for biofuels
66
Which of the following energy resources is not considered a renewable resource?
solar
oil
wind
water
67
_____ had the most significant impact on the development of technology in the early 1900's.
The development of steam power
The development of mechanical labor
The development of the assembly line
The development of electricity
68
Design portfolios, design journals, drawings and schematics are all used to:
evaluate
test
optimize
communicate
69
Making medical-related images and simulations available to educate patients is an example of?
Continuing medical education
Videoconferencing
Remote monitoring of vital signs
Nursing call centers
70
Software that allows students to read email is what type of device?
Destination
Decoder
Storage
Retrieval
71
Manufacturing production systems can be classified as
Natural, batch, and continuous
Customized, synthetic, and continuous
Customized, batch, and continuous
Customized, batch, and natural
72
A prototype is a model that:
does not meet the stated criteria
performs exactly as the final solution would
looks like as the final solution would but doesn't function
does not meet the stated constraints
73
Which of the following is an example of an optical core technology system?
iPod
Fish tank
screwdriver
laser
74
Time, budget, and safety are almost always considered to be ________________.
Trade-Offs
Efficiency
Criteria
Constraints
75
Healthcare workers in remote areas of the world can communicate using webcams and _______
Network security systems
Satellites
Electrocardiograms
Fiber optics
76
When a friend responds to a question, the response is part of the
Input
Feedback
Process
Output
77
In a systems model, communicating using a mobile phoine is an example of
Input
Output
Feedback
Process
78
Television is a technological development that occurred during the ____
Information Age
Industrial Age
Renaissance
Paleolithic Age
79
The process of collecting, organizing and analyzing data is called
geometry
algebra
statistics
calculus
80
The average number in a data set is the
mode
mean
range
median
81
The mode in a data set is the number
that is the average
in the exact middle of the set
most frequently occurring
at the end
82
Which of the following is an example of a closed system?
A coffeepot
A clothes dryer
A microwave
A motion-detecting exterior light
83
As part of a communication system, what kind of device is a computer keyboard?
Encoder
Transmitter
Decoder
Storage device
84
A constraint that is concerned with cost and must be considered when designing is:
Political
Social
Economic
Aesthetic
85
A turbine turning the generator is an example of what energy form conversion?
Mechanical to electrical
Radiant to mechanical
Chemical to nuclear
Thermal to chemical
86
Research and Development is used for the following purposes:
To develop new products and discover new knowledge
To develop new products and improve a company’s operations
To reverse-engineer a product and discover new knowledge
To reverse-engineer a product and to develop new products
87
Which of the following situations is not considered part of telemedicine?
Word processing
Videoconferencing
Transmission of still images
Remote monitoring of vital signs
88
Science, tech, engineering, and math are so closely related that progress in one area often __
Stunts progress in other areas
Stunts progress in one but not all other areas
Promotes advancement in one other area but not others
Promotes advancements in all other areas
89
Part of a community’s infrastructure that helps to support the functioning of a school are:
Roads and utilities
Museums and parks
Police and fire departments
All of the above
90
When designers make compromises during the Engineering Design Process, this is called:
More constraints
Additional criteria
Increased efficiency
A trade-off
91
Which of the following devices process and exchange information as as its primary function?
Laptop
All of the above
iPod
GPS receiver
92
___reverse-engineering process involves the identification of subsystems.
Disassemble
Test
Analyze
Documentation
93
Which of the following contributes to the success or failure of a product?
Advertising
Latest fads
Strength of the economy
All of the above
94
Which of the following is an impact technology has had on our society?
Political
Economic
Environmental
All of the above
95
Telemedicine allows hospitals to optimize the use of their personnel by
Cross training doctors, nurses, and maintenance workers
Allowing outside specialists to view patient x-rays
Outsourcing all possible work
Allowing doctors and nurses to take more vacation days
96
Engineers, architects, and others who engage in design to solve practical problems use:
Scientific knowledge and parental advise
Scientific knowledge and mathematical applications
Intuition and parental advice
Mathematical applications and intuition
97
Telemedicine is the use of medical information exchanged from one site to another via
Print communication
Verbal communication
Electronic communication
Written communication
98
In the beginning of a presentation, it is important to:
Take questions
Introduce yourself and your objective
Display many visual aids
Summarize your main points
99
Which part of the systems model provides information so the system can adjust its function?
output
Input
feedback
process
100
The role of transportation in industries such as agriculture is
Not important
Very important
Somewhat important
Vital
101
The process of checking to see if a solution to a problem already exists is called:
optimizing
brainstorming
testing
research
102
A student to communicate with a robot via a controller is an example of _____ communication?
Human to human and human to machine
Human to machine and machine to machine
Machine to machine and human to machine
Machine to human and human to machine
103
Specific, goal-directed research conducted by a company to design new innovations is called:
Research and development
Technical know-how
Engineering design
Technology transfer