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Logical Fallacies
Logical Fallacies
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1
Appeal to false authority
figure of speech composed of contradictory words or phrases
faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate evidence
someone has no expertise on an issue is cited as a source
a statement that presents a claim or thesis
2
The faulty assumption that since one event follows another, the second must result from it.
Non sequitur
Begging the question
Faulty causality
Red Herring
3
If detected logical fallacies can (2 answers)
create an even better argument
force writer to question existence
hurt the persons's feelings
damage writer's credibility
4
A hasty generalization usually includes the following words
little or tiny
some, a few
Every, most, all
none
5
A logical fallacy is
a claim
a good idea
an error in reasoning
a wrong answer
6
What type of fallacy is this?
premise
either/or
stereotype
correlation, no causation
7
Jump on the bandwagon
Join a band.
Join a popular trend
Go for a wagon ride.
8
What is the 'black-or-white' fallacy?
When you have presented two alternative states as the only possibilities.
Thinking or doing something because “everyone else is doing it."
Attacking the opponent's own personal behaviour as being inconsistent.
An acceptance of a succession of events without any direct evidence.
9
Appeal to Authority means...
because a celebrity uses it, I should too.
because an authority thinks something, it must be so.
because it uses facts it must be true.
10
When applied to people, hasty generalizations may result in this.
Ethos, Pathos, Logos
Stereotyping
Anecdotes
Slippery Slope
11
What is an ad hominem fallacy?
Speaker compares two things that aren't compatible
Speaker skips to an irrelevant topic to avoid the real topic
Speaker picks a poor example to ridicule
Speaker attacks the other speaker personally
12
What fallacy does this represent?
Ad Hominem
Appeal to Tradition
False Analogy
Slippery Slope
13
What is an example of an either/or fallacy?
Either you get a bachelor's degree, or you won't get a job.
You will earn more money with more education.
Education is a lifelong pursuit!
14
False Cause
exaggerate someone's argument to make it easier to attack.
to say that if 2 things are related one is the cause.
attack someone's personal traits to frustrate their argument
to say that a compromise between two extremes is the truth.
15
Why should you learn Logical Fallacies?
So that way you don't become a Facebook Troll .
So that you don't have an error in reasoning while presenting an argument.
16
Choose the Fallacy
Post Hoc
Strawman
Ad hominem
False dichotomy(Either Or)
17
Appeal to Emotion
To say that a claim is not true b/c you find it difficult
to manipulate feelings in place of presenting an argument
to say a claim is not true because a fallacy has been made
the argument that because a thing is 'natural' it is good
18
Which is an example of an appeal to false authority?
Gordon Ramsay endorsing frozen pizza
Harvard professor of philosophy explaining Plato
Snoop Dogg and Hot Pockets
Medical Doctor for prescription pain reliever
19
What do logical fallacies do?
ABSOLUTLEY NOTHING
Strengthen your writing
Make the logic in your argument weaker
Give you extra credit.
20
Bandwagon
Feeling bad about someones negative association
A famous person talks about how something has helped them
Feeling good about someones positive association
Everyone is doing it! You should too