How did Charles Darwin's theories contradict the Church?

Humans evolved from other animals

Which of the following was NOT a discovery about space made during the Scientific Revolution?

The Earth is not the center of the universe

What was Adam Smith's primary contribution to Enlightenment thought?

development of economic natural laws

What was the main impact of the Peace of Westphalia (1648)?

It ended the religious conflict and affirmed state sovereignty

what is the saint Virgin de Guadalupe?

Mesoamerican and Spanish combination of divine motherhood

Why was the Missionary's friendliness with the Qing dynast bad for its long-term success?

The Qing dynasty was of foreign origin

Where were Christian missionaries most successful?

Spanish America and Philippines

What was the New England Puritans attitudes towards Native Americans in North America?

They wanted to push them off their land

What was the end of the Missionary in China?

The Pope's opposition to tolerance

What was the primary legacy of the enlightenemnt period?

creating a framework for understanding natural and social phenomena

What did Scottish Professor Adam Smith do?

Formulated laws that accounted for the operation of the economy

How did Jean-Jacques Rousseau describe women?

He described women as fundementally different and inferior to men

What belief did European Enlightenment thinkers share?

Belief in the power of knowledge to transform human society

What was the central theme of enlightenment?

Society was not fixed, it could be changed & improved by human action

What made Martin Luther's protests different from other peoples complaints of the Church?

He stemmed his complaints from a theological basis

What sparked the Wahhabi movement

Wahhabi argued that the Ottoman empire was weaking form deviations of Islam

What was the initial draw of islam

It provided a connection to the rich islamic world.

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AP Chapter 7

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Questions 149

Answers

1
Who initiated the Protestant Reformation in 1517?
Henry VIII
John Pork
gnatius of Loyola
Martin Luther
2
what philosophical models did the ming/qing dynasties use?
retro-taoism
neo-confucianism
anti-mongolianism
chan-buddhism
3
How did Charles Darwin's theories contradict the Church?
Humans evolved from other animals
Charles Darwin was Confucionist
Survival of the Fitness
His beliefs didn't
4
Whose discovery of a comet was stolen from them?
Maria Winkleman
Isaac Newton
Nicolas Copernicus
Giordano Bruno
5
Which group emerged as a result of the Catholic Reformation, dedicated to spreading Catholicism and renewing the Church?
The Puritans
The Anabaptists
The Quakers
The Jesuits
6
true or false - the Europeans allowed flexibility for Native religions
FALSE
TRUE
7
Which of the following was NOT a discovery about space made during the Scientific Revolution?
The universe is always expanding
The Earth is not the center of the universe
None of the above
1 & 2
8
What major conflict arose between Catholics and Protestants in France?
The French Wars of Religion
The English Civil War
The Hundred Years' War
The Thirty Years' War
9
What factor did NOT contribute to the success of Christian missionaires?
Absense of literate world religion
Military conquest
European technology
Disease
10
What was Adam Smith's primary contribution to Enlightenment thought?
development of economic natural laws
Religious reform
Creation of scientific societies
Advancement of printing techniques
11
What was China interested in from the Scientific Revolution?
Telescope
Predicting Eclipses
Accurate Maps of the Empire
Calculus
12
What was the main impact of the Peace of Westphalia (1648)?
It ended the religious conflict and affirmed state sovereignty
It led to the rise of Protestantism in Spain
It expanded the power of the pope
It unified Europe under Catholic rule
13
what is the saint Virgin de Guadalupe?
Mesoamerican and Spanish combination of divine motherhood
a saint from Mesoamerican religion
Native American and Spanish combination of divine motherhood
a saint originating from Spanish Christianity
14
The Scientific Revolution's initial breakthrough was done by whom?
Aristotle/Plato
Sir Issac Newton
Galileo Galilei
Nicolaus Copernicus
15
Why was the Missionary's friendliness with the Qing dynast bad for its long-term success?
There were rumors of Qing dynasty court officials taking bribes
The emperor of the Qing dynasty had abolished the gold standard
The Qing dynasty was of foreign origin
The Qing dynasty had drastically increased taxes
16
Where were Christian missionaries most successful?
The Americas
Spain and France
Spanish America and Philippines
Africa and Asia
17
What was the New England Puritans attitudes towards Native Americans in North America?
They wanted to learn from their traditions
They wanted to destroy them
They wanted to push them off their land
They wanted to convert them
18
What percent of Germans population was lost after the Thirty Years' War?
50%
15% - 20%
10% - 30%
15 - 30%
19
The Scientific Revoltion significantly contributed towards the establishment of:
The Wahhabi movement
The Atlantic Slave Trade
The Industrial Revolution
The Protestant Reformation
20
What was the end of the Missionary in China?
The Rice Famine of 1619
The French siege of Chang'an
The murder of the emperor
The Pope's opposition to tolerance
21
What were church-based associations of laypeople?
vecindario
Cofradias
Comunidad
Iglesia
22
Which of these people did not contribute to the spread of Islam in foreign nations?
Muslim slaves
Islamic scholars
Sufis
Islamic merchants
23
who created sikhism?
kanan
nanan
kanak
nanak
24
what were the beliefs of the puritan protestant religion?
personal conversion
moral purity
all of the above
education
25
What was the primary legacy of the enlightenemnt period?
Developing military technology
creating a framework for understanding natural and social phenomena
promoting aristocratic power
establishing religious authority
26
What did Scottish Professor Adam Smith do?
Wrote the Treatise of Three Imposters
Formulated laws that accounted for the operation of the economy
Deepened knowledge of human evolution
Published a map of Indian Ocean Sea Routes
27
Which was not a reason that the Chinese disliked the Missionaries?
Meeting in secret
Reputation as miracle workers
Warships in the Indian Ocean
Taking up farmland
28
Who developed the improved telescope?
Galileo
Blaise Pascal
Johannes Kepler
Priscilla Hong
29
What were the 2 main religions in China besides Christianity?
Confucianism and Buddhism
Daoism and Buddhism
Daoism and Confuciansim
Confucianism and Judaism
30
How did Jean-Jacques Rousseau describe women?
He described women as independent leaders
He described women as fundementally equal to men
He described women as efficient thinkers
He described women as fundementally different and inferior to men
31
What was the war between the Catholics and Protestants called?
Fifty Years' War
Thirty Years' War
Ninety Years' War
Twenty Years' War
32
What document did Martin Luther nail to the Church's door?
Peace of Westphalia
Magna Carta
Ninety-Five Theses
Council of Trent
33
What did Pantheists believe in?
Moral, secular, rational, and tolerant thinking
The Earth was at the center of the solar system
An abstract and remote Diety
God and Nature were identical
34
what did mirabai not do?
yearn for the dark one
break caste traditions
drink feet water
commit sati
35
What belief did European Enlightenment thinkers share?
Belief in the power of women to lead society
Belief in the power of knowledge to transform human society
Belief in one God
Belief in intergalactic life
36
true or false - Spanish conversion was beneficial for Native women?
TRUE
FALSE
37
What year was Martin Luther born?
1546
1500
1398
1483
38
According to Luther, what was the source of religious authority?
The Bible
Church traditions
The Church
The pope
39
What was Martin Luther’s main problem with the Catholic Church?
The selling of indulgences
The Church’s stance on charity
The Costco Guys
The role of women in the Church
40
What did Unitarians deny?
None of the Above
Jesus is not divine
The Trinity
The saints
41
What was the central theme of enlightenment?
None of the Above
route to progress is through accepting universal truths found in religion.
Society was not fixed, it could be changed & improved by human action
Religious enlightenment was the ultimate goal in life.
42
Who wrote the book called On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres?
Newton
Copernicus
Bruno
Galileo
43
What organ was discovered to be the center of the body's heat with the study of cadavers?
Pancreas
Heart
Lungs
Liver
44
How many people did the Jesuit scholars convert in China?
400,000
200,000
300,000
250,000 people
45
In Martin Luther's belief system what had affect on the eternal destiny of one's soul?
Faith
Sacraments
Prayer
Confession
46
Who applied scientific techniques to the operation of the human mind?
Sigmund Feud
Sigmund Freud
Sigma Freud
Sugma Freude
47
What made Martin Luther's protests different from other peoples complaints of the Church?
He stemmed his complaints from a theological basis
He was a well known for being smart
He was rich and influential
He stemmed his complaints from a place of pure faith
48
What sparked the Wahhabi movement
To destroy buddhism
Phrophets who claim to have heard form god
Wahhabi argued that the Ottoman empire was weaking form deviations of Islam
Akbar hated muslums.
49
From European studies, what was the most important thing for Japanese?
Welding
Calculus
Medicine
Astronomy
50
What was the initial draw of islam
Exempt from taxes
Military Protection
Better education for children
It provided a connection to the rich islamic world.
51
Who expanded the belief of Islam through the world
Holy men, traders, scholars
Cusade-like wars
Local rulers
Christian converts
52
What did Deists believe in?
The Quran held the knowledge of the universe
God and Nature were identical
Ethical behavior rather than personal salvation
An abstract and remote Diety
53
What was the discovery made by Copernicus?
Sun was in the middle of the universe
Discovery of gravity
Invented the first telescope
Infinite universe
54
what is a guru?
a religious teacher
someone wise
someone despicable
a wealthy boss
55
How did the Jesuits introduce Christianity?
Promise riches
Point out similarities with Confucianism
Peace treaty with the Pope
Coercion through violence
56
Which was a key feature of the Catholic Reformation?
Decreased control of the pope
Rejection of Church tradition
Emphasis on individual interpretation of the Bible
Clarification and reaffirmation of Catholic doctrine
57
Who was burned for ideas of an infinite universe?
Galileo
Newton
Copernicus
Bruno
58
How did the perspective of the physical universe change through the discoveries of the Scientific Revolution?
The universe was centered around humans
The universe was solely operated by supernatural powers
None of above
The universe operated through natural orders
59
What was the name of the Spanish scholars that traveled to China?
Eruditos
Jesoots
None of the above
Sejuits
60
Why wasn't Christianity popular in China?
Christianity was frowned upon
Christianity didn't satisfy the religious needs of the people.
Christianity was thought to be superstitious.
The Chinese already had their own religions
61
which missionaries took lead in Africa and Asia?
Jesuits
Franciscans
Russians
French
62
Who was the only seventeenth-century Englishwoman to attend a session of the Royal Society of London?
Madam Beaulmier
Margaret Cavandish
Mary Wollstonecraft
Maria Winkelman
63
Which of the following was NOT introduced by Sir Issac Newton?
Laws of Motion
Law of Universal Gravitation
Law of Conservation of Energy
Calculus
64
Which of the following was NOT a part of Catholic doctrine rejected by Protestants?
The role of priests as intermediaries
The importance of the Bible
The veneration of saints
The role of the pope
65
why did missionaries have their greatest success in Spanish America and the Philippines
overwhelming European presence
all of the above
absencce of literate world religions
other conqurers had imposed their religion on conqured people
66
What century was Japan forcibly opened to Western penetration?
19th
Never
18th
20th
67
True or False: Some scientists in the revolution attempted to accomodate religion.
FALSE
TRUE
68
What was the highest number of Chinese people that had converted to Christianity in the Early Modern Era?
200k-300k
>1mil
Empty choice
500-600k
69
What was the key factor that separated the Missionary effort in China from that of Spain-owned Latin America?
Lack of trade
Lack of Military Dominance and Conquest
Political Conflicts that got in the way
Less support from the Pope
70
What practices of Christianity did native Aztecs and Incans do?
Music Worship
Communion
Baptism
Daily reading of the bible
71
What was Vasco Da Gama and his fleet looking for when they landed in India?
Textiles
Spices
Precious metals
Christians
72
What book did Charles Darwin publish?
Survival Tales
Charles Rules of LIfe
The Descent of Man
The Origin of Species
73
Which of the following did the Spanish NOT DO as a part of their Christian conversion?
were baptised
pilgramige to Jerusalem
helped construct and attended village churches
embraced images of saints
74
What ideas contradicted Newtons Laws?
Fake Apples
Space TIme
White Holes
Warp Speed
75
What kind of people had the position of the fiscal?
Native Christians of prestige
Andean saints
Female Christians of power
Spanish priests
76
what religion did not influence akbar's state cult?
zoroastrianism
hinduism
islam
buddhism
77
Which Enlightened religion denied trinity, predestination, and Jesus (only saw him as a good teacher)
Unitarians
Quakers
Pantheists
Social Gospel
78
What did Deists believe?
A version of Christianity with mutual hate for the pope
That no god exists
An abstract God who created but doesn't intervene with the world
That the Enlightenment movement should be stopped
79
Which of the following was NOT stated by Johannes Kepler?
The universe is like a clock
Planets move in elliptical orbits
The universe functions independently of divine power
Planets orbit around the Sun
80
What role did the printing press play in the Reformation?
It spread Luther’s writings and ideas widely
It helped the Catholic Church spread its doctrine
It prevented the spread of Protestant ideas
It increased the number of Church-run schools
81
What were religious wars in West Africs 18th-19th centuries about
Traditional Islam and Blended Islam vs Christianity
Blended Islam vs Traditional Islam
Traditional Islam vs Christianity
Blended Islam vs Christianity
82
What did Luther believe was the key to preservation?
Clergy mediation
Costco Chicken Bake
Faith alone
Good works
83
What was an impact on foreign civilizations from interaction with Islam?
Ransacking of villages
Civil revolt
Arabic literacy
Cultural enlightenment
84
Islam spread most prominantly to the Americas.
TRUE
FALSE
85
What is one of the most prominent differences between Protestantism and Catholicism's religious figures?
Catholicism only worshipped female saints
Catholicism removed female saints
Protestantism only worshipped female saints
Protestantism had no female saints
86
Which was not a religion that was prevalent in China?
Confucianism
Buddhism
Zoroastrianism
Daoism
87
How was the Catholic church resisted against?
refusal of baptism
individual religions began
the destruction of religious properties and objects
religious revivalist movements, an attempt to blend religious tradition
88
How did Enlightenment thinkers apply scientific principles to society?
By promoting religious authority
By focusing solely on technological advancement
By developing systematic approaches to social and economic issues
By rejecting all traditional knowledge
89
Isaac Newton believed in god?
TRUE
FALSE
90
European women were mostly included in universities
TRUE
FALSE
91
The core Christian tenent of monogamy prevented Chinese court officials from having ____.
Multiple religions
Divorces
Concubines
More wealth than the GDP of the common people
92
Which factors caused Aztec and Incans to lose control of their empires?
Forced Labor
Resettlement
Government structure
Peasant Revolts
93
Islam in Java became more localized .
TRUE
FALSE
94
What did Pantheists believe?
That the Enlightenment movement should be stopped
An abstract God who created but intervene with the world
That everything was science
That God and nature were identical
95
What was the other name for the religious order Society of Jesus?
Lutherans
Baptists
Jesuits
Quakers
96
What were one of the ways the Wahabbi movement tried to purify Islam
Destroying books on logic
Stopped permitting loans to those who werent Wahabbi
Forcing everyone to own a Quran
Banning non fully Islams from schooling
97
True or False: The Pope convinced the Chinese to obey his rule.
TRUE
FALSE
98
What didn't lead to the mass drop in the Germans' population?
Violence
Famine
Spanish Flu
Disease
99
who wrote "dream of the red chamber"?
zhou jielun
cao xueqin
wang yangming
deng xiaoping
100
Aurangzeb did not support religious freedom and accomodation of Hindus
TRUE
FALSE
101
what person was wang yangming's way of thinking most similar to?
adam smith
rene descarte
martin luther
voltaire
102
Why did the Church support the belief that the Earth was the center of the universe?
The resources from the Earth were used in important rituals
The Earth was large and represented how big the Church was
God's plan of salvation unfolded on Earth to save its human inhabitants
The Earth's colors, blue and green, were symbolic to the Church
103
True or False: In Muslim Java, women were granted the opportunity to serve int he royal court.
FALSE
TRUE
104
What idea did Kepler disprove?
Linear orbit
eliptical orbit of planets
The circular orbit of planets
Exponential orbit
105
Why did islam grow more in asia than Christianity.
The belief could be assimilated into previous culture
Islam had more to offer
Christians had a language barrier
Islamic nations were more powerful
106
what were church-based associations of laypeople called?
cofradias
iglesias
mestizos
maize
107
What is the name of the ruler who supported The Whahabi movement and expanded the religious movement?
Muhammad Shah I
Muzaffar Shah II
Muhammad Saul
Muhammad Ibn Saud
108
To what extent did literacy rates increase during the Protestant Reformation?
Decreased
Skyrocketed
Stayed same
Generally increased
109
Who asked the question: "What is Enlightenment?"
Isaac Newton
Immanuel Kant
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Voltaire
110
True or False: Maria Winkelman attended the Royal Society for writing six scientific texts.
FALSE
TRUE
111
Which Chinese emperor expelled European missionaries?
Emperor Kongsang
Emperor Bingbing
Emperor Kangxi
Emperor Yaoming
112
which of the following is true?
Portugese presence in Africa
Russian presence in the Phillippines
French presence in China
presence of Spanish missionaries in Africa
113
What technological invention did Galileo invent?
Battery
Telescope
Eclipse maps
Magnet
114
Who was told by the church to take back their ideas of the Earth moving in an orbit and rotating on its axis?
Newton
Copernicus
Kepler
Galileo
115
Why did the breakthrough of the Scientific Revolution occur first in Europe and during the early modern era?
Europe was more scholarly compared to the rest of the world at that time
Europeans were less religious
Europe's legal system was independant of the Church (corporations)
Europe was known for tech. advancements that led to the Scientific Rev
116
How was the feudal system of Europe affected by the Protestant Reformation?
It fell apart
It stayed the same
117
What was the primary approach used in European Enilghtement writing?
Religious and devotional
technical and mathematical
romantic and emotional
satirical and critical style
118
What did Newtons discovery of gravity connect?
He connected heaven and Earth with laws of Motion
Silver and gold trade
Chruch and state
Europe and Asia
119
What happened to women in the late 17th century
They could no longer choose their own religion
They couldnt have political power
They could not become a buyer nor seller in a local market
They were allowed to have political power
120
How did Mary Wollsonecraft react to Rousseau's view on Women?
She wrote about human virtue and nailed it to his door
She directly objected and retaliated against his views
She agreed with his views
She didn't react at all to his views
121
With Ibn Saud's support, the religious movement became expansive. Which of these were never involved with the movement?
use of tobacco, hashish, and musical instruments were forbidden
books on logic were destoryed
offending tombs were razed
Criticizing and burning of official buildings
122
What kind of people partcipated in the Taki Onqoy movement?
Merchants and priests
Native Peruvian women
Posessed dancers and teachers
Spiritual gods called huacas
123
What did Chinese scholars value in the Jesuits?
All of the above
Mathematical skills
Technological skills
Astronomy skills
124
What had educated Europeans inferred about the physical universe?
It was no longer propelled by the supernatural forces
Knowledge of the universe can be obtained through human reason
It functioned on its own principles
All of the above
125
Which development from the Scientific Revolution was not used by the Chinese?
Astronomy
Mathematics
Agriculture
Mapmaking
126
What did European Enlightenment Thinkers ALL agree on?
Shared the belief in the power of knowledge to transform human society.
They don't share any beliefs
All hated the pope, and were completely against religion.
shared the belief of superstition, and supported it greatly
127
How did Rousseau describe women?
fundamentally different from and inferior to men
essentail to society
All of the Above
equally important as men
128
what was the name of the study method that was popular in the ming dynasty?
kao zheng
shao kao
zheng bao
kao yan
129
How did Spain's approach to conversion change over time?
They started to stop trying and eventualy gave up
They encouraged conversion through patience
They got more violent
They became more tolerant of native religions
130
Which is not a variation of Protestant Churches?
Anabaptist
Orthodoxy
Anglican
Quaker
131
Who was burned at the stake for proclaiming an infinite universe and many worlds in 1600?
Giordano Bruno
Isabel Tsai
Rene Descartes
Maria Winkleman
132
What Christian ritual was thought to be cannibalistic by the Chinese?
Baptism
Bloodletting
Holy Communion
Matrimony
133
What was the main idea behind Wahabi Islam
To ease islamic laws
To spark a revolution
To fully adhear to islamic laws
To destroy christianity
134
What was the Journal des Dames about?
Ideas that aggresively defended women
Art and Literature
Human Anatomy and Evolution
A description of the solar system
135
True or False: The Spanish violently forced people in China to convert to Christianity
TRUE
FALSE
136
5. Rousseau believed that:
Children should immerse in nature
Children shouldn't learn about religion and should only learn about science
Children need to stop going to school completely
Children should be put on stricter education
137
In the Scientific Revolution:
Men greatly contributed and women were excluded
Only men contributed
Women greatly contributed and men were excluded
Both men and women contributed
138
What aided the spread of Scientific Revolution ideas to Europe?
Post offices and improved mailing systems
Gutenberg's Printing Press
Growing literacy and bookmaking
Missionaries and Trade
139
In what parts of the world did Portugese missionaries operate in?
The Americas
Africa and the Americas
Africa and Asia
Spain and France
140
Which of these practices did Mexican Christians NOT use?
The Seven Sacraments
The use of hallucinogenic drugs
Offerings to the sun
Sacrifices of self-bleeding
141
Who published On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres ?
Issac Newton
Nicolaus Copernicus
Galileo Galilei
Johannes Kepler
142
which form of media was especially used for entertainment in the ming dynasty?
paintings
plays
super bowl
novels
143
Which technological advancement was not a key factor in spreading scientific knowledge during the 18th century?
rising literacy rates
Military technology
Advanced printing techniques
Development of book marking
144
Who were the first Christians to arrive in China?
The Protestants
The Jesuits
The Scientologists
The Huguenots
145
What ideas did the Ottoman Empire translate from European Scientists?
None of the Above
Abacus
Ideas from Copernicus
Ideas from Kepler
146
what branch of islam is most similar to bhakti?
sufi
ahmadiyyah
imamiyya
hanafi
147
What was the grand unifying idea of early modern science by Newton?
Earth and the heavens were located in the same solar system
Earth and the heavens were one and governed by the same natural laws
Earth and the heavens were regarded as distinct, seperate domains
Earth and the heavens were made of the same elements and materials
148
Which of the following best describes the significance of the Scientific Revoltion in Europe?
It challenged existing ideas and fostered new ways of thinking
It reinforced religious dogma and traditional authority
It focused primarily on the advancement of medical science
Limited to technology, had no influence on philosophy
149
What was the Romantic movement?
Movement romantisizing the research of science
The movement creating Valentine's day
emotion imagination rather than cold reason and scientific learning
That love is more important than anything

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