Earth Science Chapter 8 BJU Press

a complete volcano that has not been observed to erupt within historical times, but shows seismic activity beneath it

Hawaii, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, is an example of a volcano that rises from a mid-ocean ridge system.

a small, steep-sided volcano made mainly of cinderlike pyroclastic materials that form during brief, explosions

a broad, flattened, dome-shaped volcano built up by successive quiet eruptions of runny lava

liquid magma that has escaped from the earth's interior

a depression at the top of a volcano containing the volcano's main vent or caldera

The geothermal gradient is often higher near tectonic plate borders than at the interior of the plates.

a medium-sized volcano built up of deposits of lava alternated with layers of pyroclastic materials

having to do with molten or formerly molten earth materials

The number of active and extinct volcanoes and flood basalts suggest that the flood was more horrific than just a flood.

deposits of loose pyroclastic material and ash covering the ground

an opening in the earth's crust from which lava and gases can escape.

sharp, fragmented, solidified lava, including ash, cinders, tephra, and bombs

The rate that temperature rises with increasing depth into the earth's interior

On a contour map, hatched contour lines indicate lower elevations completely enclosed by higher elevations

intrusive igneous feature that formed when a large volume of magma collected within a chamber in the crust, and cooled

a depositional mountain built from solidified molten rock coming from deep in the earth.

a volcano that has never erupted within historical times, shoes no seismic activity and is often heavily eroded

Most volcanoes erupt from a magma chamber relatively year the earth's surface.

steam from groundwater heated by magma intrusions that can be harnessed to generate electrical power and heat

a volcano that is currently erupting or has been observed to erupt in historical times

a hot spring that forcefully ejects hot water and steam from the ground at regular intervals

Pillow lava forms from the action of pyroclastic flows near the crater of a volcano.

Any process or feature that involves the forcible entry of magma into a pre-existing rock formation

The term pyroclastic refers to all the different types of solid volcanic emissions.

a thick layer of igneous rock that covers a large area of the earth's surface

an intensity scale that rates a volcano's destructiveness and explosive power on the amount of matter it explodes

Geothermal energy has only recently been discovered and put to use.

Flowing lava is the most dangerous hazard from volcanoes.

Cinder cones are among the largest volcanoes in the world.

Even though no VEI 8 eruption has ever been seen, we can see geologic evidence for past explosions that could be VEI 8 +