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CLEP Introductory Sociology Lesson 1 Question Bank Flashcards | StudBud
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CLEP Introductory Sociology Lesson 1 Question Bank
CLEP Introductory Sociology Lesson 1 Question Bank
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1
Who developed the theory of cognitive development?
Sigmund Freud
George Herbert Mead
Auguste Comte
Jean Piaget
2
What did Émile Durkheim study to understand how societies remain cohesive?
Individual behavior
Economic systems
Social facts
Class struggles
3
What did Auguste Comte believe sociology should be based on?
Philosophical speculation
Religious doctrine
Scientific observation
Economic analysis
4
What does the theory of anomie explain?
The stability of societies
The development of technology
The role of religion in social life
The breakdown of social norms
5
What is an example of a total institution?
A family
A community center
A prison
A workplace
6
What is cultural relativism?
Evaluating a culture by its own standards
Promoting one's culture over others
Ignoring cultural differences
Judging other cultures by one's own culture
7
What does the term "gender roles" refer to?
Social expectations for behavior based on gender
Economic status
Political beliefs
Biological differences
8
What is the primary focus of micro-sociology?
Government structures
Small-scale interactions between individuals
Large-scale social processes
Economic systems
9
What is the sociological term for a large, impersonal organization?
Community
Family
Primary group
Bureaucracy
10
Who introduced the concept of anomie?
Max Weber
Émile Durkheim
Auguste Comte
Karl Marx
11
What is the sociological term for unequal distribution of resources and opportunities?
Socialization
Social mobility
Social control
Social inequality
12
What did Karl Marx argue was the driving force of social change?
Religious beliefs
Political reforms
Technological innovation
Class conflict
13
What does the term "ethnic group" refer to?
People from the same geographic area
A group with similar economic status
A group with the same political beliefs
People who share a common cultural background
14
Who introduced the concept of the "sociological imagination"?
Karl Marx
Max Weber
Auguste Comte
C. Wright Mills
15
What is a core idea of Functionalism?
Society evolves through cultural shifts
Each part of society serves a function to maintain stability
Meaning is created through social interactions
Social change is driven by conflict
16
What is a hypothesis in sociological research?
A historical analysis
A detailed observation
A proven theory
A testable statement about the relationship between variables
17
What did Karl Marx believe was the main source of social conflict?
Religious beliefs
Political systems
Economic inequality
Cultural differences
18
Who emphasized the study of social facts?
Auguste Comte
Karl Marx
Max Weber
Émile Durkheim
19
Who is known for his work on the sociology of bureaucracy?
Karl Marx
Max Weber
Émile Durkheim
George Herbert Mead
20
What is the main idea of Functionalism?
Social behavior is shaped by symbols
Social change is constant and inevitable
Society is a system of interrelated parts
Society is a battleground for power
21
What is socialization?
The process of learning societal norms and values
The development of new technology
The process of biological evolution
The creation of economic systems
22
Who introduced the concept of anomie?
Max Weber
Karl Marx
Émile Durkheim
Auguste Comte
23
What is a social norm?
A rule that guides behavior in society
An economic policy
A technological innovation
A cultural belief
24
What is anomie according to Émile Durkheim?
A state of normlessness
An economic policy
A type of social control
A form of cultural tradition
25
Which sociological theory focuses on social functions and structures?
Functionalism
Symbolic Interactionism
Conflict Theory
Feminist Theory
26
What does "role conflict" refer to?
Social harmony
A single role with multiple expectations
Cooperation between social roles
Tension between different roles an individual occupies
27
What is sociology?
The study of society and social behavior
The study of animal behavior
The study of ancient cultures
The study of the natural environment
28
Who is known for developing the theory of social behaviorism?
George Herbert Mead
Max Weber
Émile Durkheim
Karl Marx
29
Who developed the concept of the Protestant Ethic and its relationship to capitalism?
Max Weber
Karl Marx
Auguste Comte
Émile Durkheim
30
Which theory did Émile Durkheim develop to explain social cohesion?
Bureaucracy
Class conflict
Social facts
Cultural evolution
31
What did Karl Marx believe would result from class conflict?
Technological progress
Social stability
Increased bureaucracy
Social change
32
What is the term for a society dominated by men?
Patriarchy
Matriarchy
Bureaucracy
Egalitarianism
33
What is a social role?
A group of friends
A type of government
An economic system
The behavior expected of an individual in a given social position
34
Which sociological theory examines the role of societal institutions in maintaining order?
Social Exchange Theory
Conflict Theory
Functionalism
Symbolic Interactionism
35
What is Functionalism?
A theory about technological advances
A theory that views society as a complex system
A theory that studies biological evolution
A theory that focuses on individual behavior
36
What is anomie?
A type of social control
A religious practice
A form of economic stability
A state of normlessness
37
What is the focus of sociological theories?
Predicting individual behavior
Creating technological advancements
Explaining how society operates and how people interact
Understanding biological processes
38
What is the sociological definition of power?
The accumulation of wealth
The ability to achieve goals despite resistance
The process of socialization
The creation of laws
39
What is the primary focus of symbolic interactionism?
Large-scale social structures
Small-scale interactions and meanings
Political power
Economic systems
40
What does "institutional racism" refer to?
Economic disparities
Individual acts of prejudice
Discriminatory practices embedded in social institutions
Cultural traditions
41
What is the main idea of Weber's verstehen?
Analyzing economic systems
Observing large-scale social structures
Studying biological evolution
Understanding social behavior by putting oneself in others' shoes
42
Who argued that the economy shapes all other aspects of society?
Max Weber
Émile Durkheim
Auguste Comte
Karl Marx
43
What is the main focus of feminist theory?
Gender equality and the study of gender roles
Biological evolution
Symbolic interactions
Economic stability
44
What does conflict theory focus on?
Struggles between social groups for power
Cooperation among social groups
Symbolic meanings in social interactions
Stability and order
45
What is a primary group?
A small social group with close, personal relationships
A temporary group
A large, impersonal group
A work organization
46
Which term describes the ability to move up or down the social hierarchy?
Social mobility
Social control
Socialization
Social stratification
47
What is a social institution?
A physical building
A group of friends
A structure that meets the needs of society
A type of government
48
What is the focus of Conflict Theory in sociology?
Technological innovation
Social harmony and stability
Symbolic interactions
Power dynamics and social inequality
49
What does the term "verstehen" mean in sociology?
Observing social structures
Analyzing cultural artifacts
Understanding social behavior by putting oneself in another's place
Studying economic systems
50
What is the sociological term for the accepted ways of doing things in a society?
Social classes
Social behaviors
Social norms
Social institutions
51
What is the primary goal of social control?
Encourage economic growth
Promote technological innovation
Maintain social order
Increase population growth
52
What does Symbolic Interactionism primarily analyze?
Government policies
Small-scale social interactions
Economic systems
Large-scale social structures
53
Which theory examines the creation of social meanings through interactions?
Functionalism
Symbolic Interactionism
Social Exchange Theory
Conflict Theory
54
What is a secondary group?
A family unit
A larger and more impersonal group
A small social group with close relationships
A religious community
55
What is a primary concern of Symbolic Interactionism?
The meanings people attach to their interactions
The distribution of power
The stability of social institutions
The development of economies
56
Who coined the term "sociology"?
Émile Durkheim
Auguste Comte
Karl Marx
Max Weber
57
Who explored the relationship between religion and economic behavior?
Max Weber
Auguste Comte
Karl Marx
Émile Durkheim
58
Which sociological theory views society as a system of interrelated parts?
Rational Choice Theory
Conflict Theory
Functionalism
Symbolic Interactionism
59
Who emphasized the importance of social facts?
Émile Durkheim
Karl Marx
Max Weber
Auguste Comte
60
What is one of the main ideas of Functionalism?
Social behavior is based on symbols
Each part of society has a function
Society is in constant conflict
Social change is inevitable
61
Which sociological theory is associated with micro-level analysis?
Conflict Theory
Symbolic Interactionism
Structural Functionalism
Functionalism
62
Who is considered the founder of modern sociology?
Max Weber
George Herbert Mead
Karl Marx
Auguste Comte
63
What is the sociological imagination?
The creation of economic systems
The analysis of biological processes
The study of ancient civilizations
The ability to see the link between society and self
64
What is social stratification?
The study of social interactions
The development of new technologies
The hierarchical arrangement of individuals in society
The process of socialization
65
Which theory focuses on struggles between social groups for power?
Conflict Theory
Feminist Theory
Functionalism
Symbolic Interactionism
66
What is a subculture?
A type of government
A temporary social movement
A dominant cultural group
A group with distinct values and norms within a larger culture
67
What is a caste system?
A fixed social stratification system
A flexible class system
An economic system
A form of government
68
Who developed the theory of social behaviorism?
Karl Marx
Émile Durkheim
Max Weber
George Herbert Mead
69
What did Auguste Comte believe sociology should be based on?
Philosophical ideas
Religious teachings
Artistic interpretations
Scientific principles
70
Which term describes the rules and expectations for behavior in society?
Symbols
Beliefs
Norms
Values
71
Which method do sociologists use to gather data from a large number of people?
Experiments
Observations
Surveys
Interviews
72
What is sociology?
The study of society and social behavior
The study of animal behavior
The study of ancient cultures
The study of the natural environment
73
What is a key focus of Symbolic Interactionism?
The evolution of societies
The functioning of social institutions
Meaning-making through interactions
Class conflict
74
What is the study of aging and the elderly called?
Sociology
Psychology
Anthropology
Gerontology
75
What does "sociocultural evolution" refer to?
Biological evolution
The process of change and development in societies over time
Political change
Economic growth
76
What does "social capital" refer to?
Physical health
Educational qualifications
Networks and connections that can provide social benefits
Financial assets
77
What does Functionalism suggest about social institutions?
They work together to maintain stability
They are sources of conflict
They evolve through technology
They create symbolic meanings
78
What is Conflict Theory primarily concerned with?
Power dynamics and inequality
Individual behavior
Social stability
Cultural evolution
79
What theory examines power struggles in society?
Symbolic Interactionism
Conflict Theory
Functionalism
Rational Choice Theory
80
What did Max Weber mean by "verstehen"?
Analyzing economic systems
Understanding social behavior by putting oneself in others' shoes
Observing large-scale social structures
Studying biological evolution
81
What is the main goal of sociology?
To study society and social behavior
To study ancient civilizations
To study natural phenomena
To study animal behavior
82
What is the term for a group's way of thinking, including beliefs and values?
Subculture
Nonmaterial culture
Counterculture
Material culture
83
Who is known as the "father of sociology"?
Karl Marx
Max Weber
Auguste Comte
Émile Durkheim
84
What is the primary focus of Karl Marx's work?
Understanding social stability
The development of bureaucracies
Class struggle and the impact of capitalism
The study of symbolic interactions
85
What is a folkway?
A form of government
A religious practice
A norm governing everyday behavior
A severe societal taboo
86
What is the primary concern of Conflict Theory?
Inequality and power struggles
Symbolic meanings
Economic stability
Social harmony
87
What does Symbolic Interactionism examine?
Economic systems
Small-scale interactions and meanings
Large-scale social structures
Political power
88
What does the term "socialization agents" refer to?
Influences that shape our social development
Government policies
Biological factors
Types of economic systems
89
Which theory views society as a complex system with parts working together?
Symbolic Interactionism
Feminism
Functionalism
Conflict Theory
90
What is culture?
Government laws
Technological advancements
Shared beliefs, values, and practices
Economic systems
91
What did Karl Marx focus on in his sociological studies?
Symbolic interactions
Class struggle and economic systems
Social stability and order
Psychological processes
92
What is the sociological imagination?
The ability to see the link between society and self
The analysis of biological processes
The ability to imagine fictional worlds
The study of ancient civilizations
93
What is the term for the lifelong process through which people learn culture?
Acculturation
Socialization
Assimilation
Adaptation
94
Who is known as the "father of sociology"?
Karl Marx
Émile Durkheim
Auguste Comte
Max Weber
95
What does the term "ethnocentrism" refer to?
The preservation of ancient traditions
The celebration of cultural diversity
Judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture
The study of ethnic groups
96
What is the primary focus of macro-sociology?
Large-scale social structures and processes
Biological aspects
Psychological processes
Individual interactions
97
What is the focus of Functionalism in sociology?
How societies are in constant conflict
How parts of society work together to maintain stability
How individuals create meanings
How technology shapes society
98
Which sociologist is known for his work on bureaucracy?
Auguste Comte
Émile Durkheim
Karl Marx
Max Weber
99
Who is associated with the concept of "class struggle"?
George Herbert Mead
Max Weber
Auguste Comte
Karl Marx
100
What does "status" refer to in sociology?
An individual's wealth
A type of government
A group of friends
A social position an individual occupies
