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Env. Sci. Chp 2 Tools of Environmental Science Flashcards | StudBud
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Env. Sci. Chp 2 Tools of Environmental Science
Env. Sci. Chp 2 Tools of Environmental Science
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A review of the scientific method, models, different values and statistics.
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1
When studying a system, a conceptual model can help scientists understand
what components a system contains
none of these
how the system components affect each other
both of these
2
Information gathered in an experiment
control
data
statistics
variable
3
A model of a dinosaur is an example of a _ model.
graphical model
physical model
conceptual model
mathematical model
4
A flow chart
graphical model
mathematical model
physical model
conceptual model
5
Scientists use statistics to
communicate ideas to each other
analyze data
graph data
all of these
6
Listing positive and negative long and short term consequences can help you to
collect data for a graph
weigh your values
predict risks involved
make observations
7
A road map is an example of
physical model
graphical model
mathematical model
conceptual model
8
Statistics are NOT used by scientists to
compare data
analyze data
all of these
gather data
9
Principles or standards we consider important
ethics
risk
morality issue
value
10
The 3 final steps in the experimental method in correct order
repeating experiment, telling results, drawing conclusions
drawing conclusions, repeating experiment, telling results
observing, hypothesizing, drawing conclusions
drawing conclusions, analyzing data, repeating experiment
11
Human leisure activities
ethical/moral value
social/cultural value
recreational value
environmental value
12
Which of the following is NOT a habit of mind of a good scientist?
creativity
openness to new ideas
intellectual predictability
skepticism
13
Information gathered by using the senses.
observation
data
statistics
value
14
If a marsh is included in a nature preserve, will it help preserve our water resources?
social/cultural values
aesthetic values
environmental values
educational values
15
The chance that an earthquake will occur in your town during the next year.
risk
skepticism
correlation
distribution
16
Testing predictions that would be impossible or unethical to use experiments
observations
control group
variables
correlations
17
Association used in an experiment that is impossible or unethical
correlation
risk
probability
statistic
18
The average mass of a wolf in a pack of wolves is an example of _.
statistical population
mean
sample size
distribution
19
Three-dimensional representation you can touch
physical model
conceptual model
graphical model
mathematical model
20
Chance of something happening
statistics
prediction
risk
probability
21
In an experiment, the factor of interest is called the
hypothesis
experimental group
variable
control group
22
Which step includes reading newspapers and listening to experts on all sides of an issue?
gathering information
considering values
exploring consequences
evaluating all the information
23
Logical statement about what will happen
conclusion
data
prediction
hypothesis
24
A positive long-term consequence when buying land to form a nature preserve.
Environmental controls are less strict outside the preserve
Habitat destruction is immediately slowed
Population of endangered species increases
Habitats outside the preserve are damaged by overdevelopment
25
Equation representing how a process works
physical model
conceptual model
mathematical model
graphical model
26
A question considering economic values?
Will building the dam destroy natural resources?
How many jobs will building the dam generate?
Will the dam provide new leisure activities?
Is it right to build a dam here?
27
A good hypothesis is more than a guess because it
is based on intuition rather than observation
states what is likely to happen
states what is likely to happen and makes logical sense
makes logical sense
28
Systematic process for making decisions
values
experiment
decision-making model
hypothesis
29
Which statement should be first?
Divide the sum of the data by the number of individuals
Identify a characteristic common to different populations
All up the characteristic data from each population.
Compare the means of the two populations
30
Before you can make a decision using a decision-making model, what step must you take?
Explore the consequences of each option
Gather information
all of these
Consider which values apply to an issue
31
Testable explanation for an observation
law
hypothesis
theory
conclusion
32
The accumulation and sharing of knowledge
social/cultural value
educational value
ethical/moral value
recreational value
33
What is right or wrong
educational value
ethical/moral value
environmental value
social/cultural value
34
Verbal or graphical explanation for how a system works or is organizes
conceptual model
statistics
experimental method
graphical model
35
The maintenance of human communities, their values, and their traditions
social/cultural value
ethical/moral value
recreational value
educational value
36
Which model is particularly useful in scientific cases with many variables?
mathematical
conceptual
graphical
physical
37
One important scientific habit of mind is the ability to conceive of new ideas, called
imagination
intellectual honesty
skepticism
curiosity
38
The differences between control groups and experimental groups can help identify _
unconventional relationships
inverse and converse relationships
conditional relationships
cause and effect relationships
39
What is a good system of analyzing issues?
determining the mean for a population
performing experiments
using a cause and effect chart
using a decision making model
40
The mean provides a single numerical measure for one _ of a population
exception
individual
characteristic
average
41
The group that does not receive the experimental treatment in an experiment is the
control group
variable
data
experimental group
42
Collection and classification of data in the form of numbers
graphs
statistics
observations
data
43
The decision making model
helps you make decisions
provides a systematic process
is a conceptual model
all of these
44
What essential characteristic does a good experiment have?
a single variable is used
a control and a single variable is used
a control is used
control group is experimented on
45
Which of the following can help you when you want to form an opinion or make a decision?
having many friends tell you what they think
having a systematic way of analyzing issues
finding one source of information
listening to the opinions of all the adults around you
46
In a scientific investigation it is important that the number being sampled is
large enough
a guess
equal to the mean number
equal to the total statistical population
47
Procedure used to test a hypothesis
experiment
probability
correlation
graphical model
48
Includes maps and charts
conceptual model
physical model
graphical model
mathematical model
49
Considering natural resources when making an environmental decision means you are
looking at environmental values
looking at aesthetic values
looking at ethical/moral values
looking at scientific values
50
Probability of an outcome that is unwanted
prediction
decision making model
risk
statistics
51
The protection of natural resources
recreational value
environmental value
educational value
social/cultural value
52
Why are mathematical models important?
useful in situations with many variables
all of these
can represent how a system or process works
can be used to make digital images
53
Environmental controls are made less strict outside a nature preserve
positive short-term consequence
negative long-term consequence
negative short-term consequence
positive long-term consequence
54
Which model would you use to represent the shape of Earth's surface beneath the ocean?
mathematical
physical
conceptual
graphical
55
Steps used by scientists to answer questions
experimental method
experiment
physical model
conceptual model
56
Considering whether people will benefit financially from setting aside land as a national park.
gathering information
exploring consequences
none of these
making a decision
