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PSCI Test 1 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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PSCI Test 1 Review
PSCI Test 1 Review
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1
Nebular theory pertains to the formation of
Earth
The galaxy
The solar system
The astroid belt
2
In what region of the Sun is solar energy generated?
the inner core, with temperatures more than 15,000,000 K
the inner surface, the region of greatest density
the outer surface, where the greatest pressure resides
the mid-interior is balanced.
3
If experimental findings are not reproducible
It indicates that the scientific method was not followed
it is an indication of scientific fraud
the results are considered valid, but not usable.
he results are not considered valid.
4
A spinning cloud of interstellar gas tends to
turn into a sphere
flatten
condense
disperse
5
Most natural phenomena we wonder about
require knowledge of advanced mathematics
are best explained by physics
are poorly explained by science
involve several scientific disciplines.
6
Temperature differences between nighttime and daytime on Earth are relatively small due to
Earth being 70% water
Earth's high daily spin rate and shortness of nighttime
Polar regions absorbing most solar energy
Seasonal fluctuations and Earth's magnetic field.
7
When a contracting hot ball of gas spins into a disk shape, it cools faster due to
increased radiation transfer.
eddy currents.
decreased insulation.
increased surface area.
8
With daytime temperatures that can reach 430°C, why is nighttime on Mercury so cold?
Solar winds disrupt heating patterns
With little atmosphere heat is quickly lost back into space
The weak gravitational force doesn't retain heat
9
Each second, the burning Sun's mass ___.
decreases
increases
remains unchanged
10
What is the primary component of Venus' atmosphere?
O2
N2
CO2
argon
11
the solar wind blows in a direction
toward the Sun
away from the Sun
12
A theory is:
a synthesis of a large body of well-tested knowledge.
unchangeable
less than a fact
an educated guess
13
Why is Mars' greenhouse effect negligible compared to that of Earth?
Its mass is only one-ninth of Earth's.
The Martian atmosphere is thinner and retains little heat
Martian carbon dioxide contains an isotope that traps heat
14
What is the likely source of methane in Mars atmosphere?
the absorption of Phobos' methane through gravitation
the decomposition of the residue deposits from Mars oceans
Mars landings of exploration vehicles such as Spirit
ongoing volcanic activity
15
Science, art, and religion do not contradict one another because
Art is not important
All three have different domains.
Only one can be true
16
A cloud of interstellar gas is held together by
All of the above
electromagnetism.
infrared radiation.
the gravitational force.
17
Earth and Venus started out with the same amount of water. Where did Venus' water go?
It evaporated into space due to heat
It chemically combined with CO2 to form CO4H.
Scientists are still trying to figure this out.
Ultraviolet rays split the H2O molecule and hydrogen escaped
18
If it is a valid hypothesis, there must be a test for proving it
Right
Wrong
19
"There are regions beneath Earth's crust that will always be beyond the reach of investigation"
speculation
scientific statement
fact
theory
20
Science and technology are
responsible for all the bad in the world
responsible for all the good in the world
related to one another, but not the same thing
fundamentally different from each other
21
The scientific method is a method for
gaining new knowledge.
making hypotheses.Submit
making observations.
designing experiments.
22
Of the sciences known as physics, chemistry, and biology, the most basic is
chemistry
none in particular, as each may be considered fundamental
physics
biology
23
The planet with a mass most like Earth's is
Mars
Neptune
Venus
Mercury
24
As clouds of dust in space shrink, they ___.
rotate faster
rotate at the same rate
rotate slower
25
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Mars is
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Methane
Carbon Dioxide
26
The best evidence that the Sun is a newcomer in the universe is
its relatively slow rate of spin.
the existence of heavy elements in its composition
its high temperature as revealed by its color.
its very existence in spite of its high burning rate
27
The percentage of the Earth's surface covered by ocean is about
50%
80%
70%
60%
28
The carbon dioxide cycle is important to Earth because it
prevents a buildup of oxygen
along with the oceans, regulates Earth's temperatures.
helps sustain the planet's plant base
29
When a scientist is dishonest and reports false information, he or she
will be excused by the scientific community
gets no second chance in the scientific community.
30
What aspect of the Sun's behavior wraps and distorts the solar magnetic field?
he differential spin between the equatorial and polar region
sunspot activity due to differential heat dispersion
plasma fluxes within the core
the cycle of the reversal of the magnetic poles
31
In what region of Mars is microscopic life most likely to exist
at the equator, where temperatures are most moderate
deep within the planet's core
beneath the planet's surface, where melting water may pool
at the poles, where ice caps may harbor microorganisms
32
Most of the angular momentum in the solar system is
The sun
in its planets
about equally divided in the sun and its planets
33
the scientific spirit is based upon
honety and trust.
experimentation.
consensus in the scientific community.
hypotheses of well-known philosophers.
34
Radiant energy can be understood using this field of science.
Physics
Astronomy
Chemistry
Biology
35
The Sun tends to bloat outward by nuclear fusion, and contract due to
reduced gaseous pressures
nuclear fission
its relatively slow spin.
gravitation.
36
Which of the following is a scientific hypothesis?
Matter is filled with undetectable particles.
Science explains life
Man will never fully understand the world
The moon is made of green cheese
37
Evidence of the solar wind on Earth is the ___.
Aurora Borealis
solar sunspots, seen with the the naked eye
Higher ocean tides in winter
preponderance of hurricanes at certain latitudes
38
The synthesis of a large collection of information, well-tested and verified hypotheses is a:
Principle
Law
Experiment
Theory
39
No greenhouse effect occurs on Mercury because of no
atmosphere
daily spin
terrestrial radiation
plant life
40
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Earth is
Nirtogen
Mathane
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
41
How do the wind speeds of the Martian atmosphere compare with those of Earth?
about the same as Earth's
about ten times more than Earth's
about 50% of Earth's
about 1/10th of Earth's
42
The age of the sun is about
more than 5.5 trillion years
5.5 trillion years
5.5 billion years
5.5 million years
43
the ecliptic
is the plane of Earth's orbit
is the average distance between the Sun and Earth
refers to the gases from which our solar system formed.
occurs during a solar or lunar eclipse.
44
you are on a morning time mission on Venus. When looking out the window you are likely to see
the Sun rising in the West.
the Sun rising in the East.
fierce windstorms everywhere you look.
thick, smog-like cloudcover.
45
Science is a body of knowledge that goes back to
Greece in the seventh century B.C..
humankind's beginnings
Italy in the sixteenth century.
the time of Galileo.
46
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Venus is
Methane
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
47
In what region of the Sun are most of X-rays generated?
The chronosphere
The corona
The photosphere
The inner core
48
In science, an educated guess is a
Prediction
Theory
Revelation
Hypothesis
49
Scientists repeat experimental findings in order to
both of the above
none of the above
eliminate unseen erros
improve upon experimental design.
50
In science, facts
Are absolute
Mean very little
Are more important than theories
May change
