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Age of Enlightenment and Reason Flashcards | StudBud
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Age of Enlightenment and Reason
Age of Enlightenment and Reason
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1
What was the idea behind Rousseau's noble savage?
It is important never to forgot your ancestral roots of early mankind.
The islanders of the Pacific were kingly yet utter savages.
People have always been brutish however, they are better of than animals.
People are born naturally good but, overtime they are corrupted by society.
2
What is the name of the following idea: god or a deity gives the right for monarchs or leaders to rule?
Federalism
Divine Right
Absolutism
God Given
3
Which type of government would Locke most likely support?
Oligarchy
Democracy
Anarchy
Aristocracy
4
Who believed that without the support of society the government will never rule and the government must support people?
Wollstonecraft
Beccaria
Rousseau
Hobbes
5
Which type of government would Hobbes most likely support?
Anarchy
Republic
Absolute Monarchy
Democracy
6
Separation of powers works because it allows for what between the different branches of government?
Decision making
Consent of the governed
Checks and balances
Communication
7
Who supported the idea that monarchs were given their power from God thus had the authority to rule?
Beccaria
Hobbes
Bossuet
Locke
8
Who said, "civil death in a condemned man has the same effects as a real death"?
Hobbes
Beccaria
Bossuet
Locke
9
Beccaria put forth some of the first modern arguments for the death penalty.
True
False
10
Who said, "When the legislative and executive powers are the same person, or are the judge, there can be no liberty?
Bossuet
Hobbes
Rousseau
Montesquieu
11
Who said, "no government can have a right to obedience from a people who have not freely consented to it"?
Montesquieu
Rousseau
John Locke
Voltaire
12
One of the most famous mathematicians of the Scientific Revolution who formulated laws of gravity and motion was...
Denis Diderot
Renee Descartes
Francis Bacon
Isaac Newton
13
In the 1600 and 1700s the Age of Enlightenment was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the World.
True
False
14
Olympe de Gouges was early women's rights advocate who demanded that French women be given the same rights as French men
True
False
15
The English Civil War had an influential role prior to the Age of Enlightenment and Reason as it...
caused people to question the role of government.
led to a population shortage which made the peasantry more important.
led to the first democratically established government.
forced the monarchy to take greater control over its citizenry.
16
Denis Diderot was responsible for the publication of the first...
dictionary.
encyclopedia.
cookbook.
thesaurus.
17
Select all the following entitlements John Locke believed were God given to people.
Pursuit of Happiness
Property
Liberty
Life
18
Select all the ideas championed by Voltaire.
Freedom of economy.
Freedom of religion
Freedom of
Freedom of speech
19
John Locke believed everyone was born with a blank slate and their experiences determined their perceptions.
False
True
20
Who said, "Make [women] free, and they will quickly become wise and virtuous."
Rousseau
Voltaire
Locke
Wollstonecraft
21
Within Rousseau's social contract he emphasized what most of all?
Individuals
Government Power
Family
Community
22
Thomas Hobbes believed in government control because people...
are easily manipulated by other people.
spend too much money on frivolous goods.
love to fight wars for power and control.
give into their most base desires.
23
What was Montesquieu's main idea?
Separation of powers
Natural rights
Freedom of religion
Freedom of speech
24
Which time period had the greatest social, cultural, and intellectual influence on the Age of Enlightenment?
The Renaissance
Protestant Reformation
The Middle Ages
Age of Revolution and Change
25
Within John Locke's social contract he emphasized what most of all?
Government Power
Individuals
Community
Family
26
Within Hobbes' social contract he emphasized what most of all?
Community
Individuals
Government Power
Family
27
Mary Wollstonecraft believed that in which way women could find equality in society?
Education
Job Training
Marriage
Political leadership
28
What type of government would Rousseau most likely support?
Republic
Oligarchy
Aristocracy
Limited monarchy
29
Which government would Bossuet most likely support?
Republic
Democracy
Absolutist
Constitutional Monarchy
30
Who said, "If there were only one religion in England there would be danger of despotism"?
Rousseau
Locke
Voltaire
Montesquieu
31
John Locke believed that everyone was born with...
Alienable Rights
Natural Rights
Deniable Rights
Six Toes
32
Sir Francis Bacon was famous for the development of...
pork in dessert.
rationalism.
the Scientific Method.
Socratic Seminars.
33
Rene Descartes is considered one of the founders of...
rationalism.
neoplatonism.
irrationalism.
stoicism.
34
Who said, "only way [men] can preserve themselves... [is] uniting them so they are directed by a single motive"?
Montesquieu
Rousseau
Voltaire
Locke
35
Much of the wealth of European monarchies came from...
ownership of land.
taxes on the peasants.
their colonies.
investment in the stock-market.
36
Prior to the Age of Enlightenment and Reason, Europe was going through a period of progress and modernization known as
Middle Ages
Scientific Revolution
Renaissance
Golden Age
37
Who said, "discontented under monarchy call it tyranny... grieved under a democracy and call it anarchy."?
Montesquieu
Bossuet
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
38
Thomas Hobbes believed that the life of man was solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short.
True
False
39
Deists believe in which of the following ideas (select more than one)?
Purely faith based religion
Observation
Reason
Rejection of religious revelation
40
Who said, "[God] gave His power to kings only to ensure the public welfare and to be the support of the people...."?
Bossuet
Locke
Hobbes
Voltaire