How we go from one species to two species.

provided a mechanism to explain how evolution works

leaves a black film of carbon on rock

Which is true about Darwin's Galapagos finches?

Speciation occurred as a result of seed availability in the environment

Microevolution refers to.......?

changes in allele frequency from one generation to the next

In Darwin's natural selection, "variation" means:

the variety of traits in a species

On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed . . .

similar species with traits that suited their environment

Punctuated Equilibrium

Burst of evolutionary change followed by periods of stability.

Which of the following is NOT a typical cause of mass extinctions

lack of desirable mates in given area

Carbonization occurs to form fossils when...

High pressure forces everything but carbon out of the rock leaving a print

Which is the first step to fossil formation?

Animal dies and sinks into the mud (sediment).

Darwin noticed that fossils

resemble organisms that are still alive today.

Sperm whales have vestigial hip bones, which best explains the presence of this structure?

Whales evolved from ancestors that walked on land

similar structure, but not similar function

Mimicry is an adaptation where animals

try to look, sound, or act like another animal

Structural adaptation involves

shape, size, and other physical features, such as camouflage

What is a trace fossil?

Evidence of something left behind, like footprints.

Mass extinctions encourage rapid evolution _________.

by making new habitats available to them.

Darwin's Galapagos finches showed...

Different beaks used for different food on diff. islands

What is the difference between a mold fossil and a cast fossil?

A cast fossil is filled with mud with hardens.

What is a structural adaptation?

Physical features of an organism that helps it survive

What is “common ancestry”? How do scientists know different organisms share a common ancestor

Species evolve from one source. DNA, common traits

Artificial selection is when

humans selectively breed organisms for specific traits

Macroevolution is defined as

formation of new, different species from an old species

Speciation occurs when:

Members can no longer interbreed & produce viable offspring

What role does extinction play in evolution?

Opens ecological niches to be filled by new species.

studbud

Evolution exam review

73 termsStudBud Administration35 plays

Imported from external platform

Flashcards73 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 73

Answers

1
Speciation is
How we go from one species to two species.
How we go from two species to one species.
The divergences of a species into two areas.
The movement of a species to a new area.
2
Charles Darwin:
provided a mechanism to explain how evolution works
disproved the biblical account of creation
was first to apply science to examining evolution
proved that evolution had occurred
3
Homologous structures indicate:
Recent common ancestry
No relationship
All of these
The exact age of a fossil
4
When there is a sudden dissapearance of a type of fossil that is evidence of an extinction of a species.
True
False
5
Within populations divergence lead to speciation.
True
False
6
Carbonization Fossil
leaves a black film of carbon on rock
is only the bones of the organism
is trapped in amber
is the fizzy stuff in a drink
7
Charles Darwin studied galapagos finches
True
False
8
Which is true about Darwin's Galapagos finches?
Too much variation in beak structures
Speciation occurred as a result of seed availability in the environment
Finch species did not have to adapt to successfully compete for food
The different finch species flew to the Galapagos Islands
9
Which letter represents the COMMON ANCESTOR in this diagram?
F
B
E
A
10
Microevolution refers to.......?
changes in allele frequency from one generation to the next
survival of the fittest
Traits acquired over the lifetime of an individual passed on
Microscopic changes in the DNA
11
phylogenic trees
infer evolutionary relationships
all of the above
based on shared and derived characteristics
based on structural or molecular similarities
12
In Darwin's natural selection, "variation" means:
the variety of traits in a species
the species having too many offspring
the variety of ecosystems on Earth
the strongest of the species reproducing
13
On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed . . .
similar species with traits that suited their environment
completely unrelated species on each of the islands
species completely unrelated to those found in South America
species exactly like those found in South America
14
Was Darwin aware of genetics?
no
yes
15
A fossil created after an organism died & minerals seeped in to fill the mold they left behind.
mold
true form
trace
cast
16
Punctuated Equilibrium
Burst of evolutionary change followed by periods of stability.
Slow evolutionary changes over a long period of time.
When two organisms evolve in response to the other.
Unreleated species evolve similar adaptions b/c of similar environments.
17
Which of the following is NOT a typical cause of mass extinctions
climate change
volcanic eruptions
meteor collision
lack of desirable mates in given area
18
The fossil record supports Darwin’s theory of evolution by showing that plants and animals:
existed for only a few thousands of years
remain unchanged until extinction.
have changed over time.
are the same in various environments.
19
What do phylogenic trees do?
How related organisms are
An organism's phenotype
How organisms eat
Nothing
20
Carbonization occurs to form fossils when...
Pencil lead is used to trace fossils
Carbon atoms fall from the atmosphere into a lake
High pressure destroys all carbon
High pressure forces everything but carbon out of the rock leaving a print
21
By what process did Charles Darwin think evolution occur?
Adaptation
Acquired Traits
Natural Selection
Overpopulation
22
Which is the first step to fossil formation?
Animal dies and sinks into the mud (sediment).
Sediment forms sedimentary rock.
Deposits of sediment cover the animal's body.
The sedimentary rock contains a fossil.
23
Analogous structures show
common ancestor
common environment
24
Darwin noticed that fossils
did not resemble any organism alive or extinct.
could only be found in the Antarctic.
only resemble organisms that are extinct.
resemble organisms that are still alive today.
25
The difference between gradualism and punctuated equilibrium is:
size of population
speed of evolution
location
level of evolution
26
Sperm whales have vestigial hip bones, which best explains the presence of this structure?
These structures are acquired during their lifetime
Embryonic development takes a long time
Whales are in the process of evolving into land animals
Whales evolved from ancestors that walked on land
27
homologous structure
logical conclusion of events
organisms that have parasites
similar structure, but not similar function
metaphor
28
Artificial Selection is also called
Selective Breeding
Natural Breeding
Hybrid Breeding
True Breeding
29
Artificial selection has given us...
various human societies
the many species of wild cats
the many rainforest species
breeds of domesticated dogs
30
The fossil record supports Darwin’s theory of evolution by showing that plants and animals:
are the same in various environments.
remain unchanged until extinction.
existed for only a few thousands of years
have changed over time.
31
Mimicry is an adaptation where animals
try to look, sound, or act like another animal
sleep to preserve body energy
try and eat other foods to survive
move to another another place to survive
32
Structural adaptation involves
shape, size, and other physical features, such as camouflage
a group of organisms that can successfully mate and produce
the way organisms act; hunting at night is an example
internal body systems that affect organisms’ biochemistry
33
What is a trace fossil?
Evidence of something left behind, like footprints.
A newly discovered fossil.
A part of a complete fossil.
A dinosaur tooth.
34
Mass extinctions encourage rapid evolution _________.
all organisms that had evolved convergently live.
by changing developmental genes.
because they killed all organisms that had coevolved.
by making new habitats available to them.
35
Darwin's Galapagos finches showed...
The same beak being used for different food on diff. islands
All birds evolved from separate ancestors
Different beaks used for different food on diff. islands
Diet and beak are not related
36
Genetics confirmed Darwin’s theory
True
False
37
Darwin studied variations in ______________________
noses between armadillos
beaks between finches
necks between giraffes
legs between tortoises
38
What is the difference between a mold fossil and a cast fossil?
A mold fossil is larger.
A mold fossil is filled with mud and hardens
A cast fossil is filled with mud with hardens.
There is not a difference
39
Galapagos Islanders (and Darwin) noticed what about the tortoises?
size of their nose
how incredibly fast they are.
shape of their feet
the shape of the shells
40
The source of Darwin's variations in his theory of natural selection is
mutations
cloning
asexual reproduction
selective breeding
41
The opposite of punctuated equilibrium is
hardy-weinberg
equilibrium
natural selection
gradualism
42
Darwin published his theory of evolution in a book called
"How Organisms Evolved"
"Natural Selection, and other stories"
"Evolution, The True Story"
"On the Origin of Species"
43
Mendel is to genetics as Darwin is to _______
teacher
heredity
naturalist
evolution
44
What is a structural adaptation?
The colour of an organisms blood
Physical features of an organism that helps it survive
The way an organism acts to help it survive
45
Once mineralization occurs, what does the fossilized material become?
Fossil Film
a mold
Rock
Metal
46
What is “common ancestry”? How do scientists know different organisms share a common ancestor
Species evolve from different ancestors. Blood typing
Species evolve from one source. DNA, common traits
organisms are better suited to their environment
Species do not evolve. Anologous structures
47
Artificial selection is when
humans selectively breed organisms for specific traits
when a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
when certain traits appear less often than others
When no natural selection takes place
48
Macroevolution is defined as
random mutations in the population
changes in allele frequencies in a population
formation of new, different species from an old species
adaptation to the environment
49
Speciation occurs when:
Animals start to resemble each other
Members can create viable offspring
Animals start eating each other
Members can no longer interbreed & produce viable offspring
50
Which idea is supported by Darwin’s observation of variation among Galápagos tortoises?
adaptation
tendency towards perfection
artificial selection
acquired characteristics
51
What role does extinction play in evolution?
Allows new species to randomly come into existence.
Opens ecological niches to be filled by new species.
Decreases biodiversity.
Eliminates unwanted species.
52
Functional adaptation involves
internal body systems that affect organisms’ biochemistry
shape, size, and other physical features, such as camouflage
a group of organisms that can successfully mate and produce
the way organisms act; hunting at night is an example
53
Is evolution a straight line from start to finish?
Yes, it really is step by step!
No, there's a lot of branches along the way.
54
Artificial Selection
type of selection that humans control
structure inherited from ancestors
change over time
any inherited characteristic that increases survival
55
Mass extinction causes "empty" roles. Which pattern is frequently seen in fossil records?
roles remain empty for long periods of time
entirely new types of organisms evolve to fill roles
none of the above
surviving organisms diversify rapidly to fill roles
56
Analogous structures share
Similar structure but different function
Similar function and structure
Similar function but different structure
57
According to Darwin, Natural selection means
organisms with the best traits survive
organisms cannot change
all organisms survive
organisms mutate when they need to
58
Mimicry is ___________ adaptation
physical
behavioral
59
Horse evolution occured in a straight line?
True
False
60
Which idea is supported by Darwin’s observation of variation among Galápagos tortoises?
artificial selection
acquired characteristics
tendency towards perfection
adaptation
61
How does mineralizatrion help preserve fossils?
It preserves the original minerals within the fossil.
Prevents Erosion
Replicates the Original
Creates new fossils
62
What is an example of a vestigial structure?
Horse's tail
Dolphin fin
Human tailbone
63
what is it evidence of, when a fossil dissapears from the fossil record?
camouflage
extinction
dissapearing
64
Which of the following is NOT a behavioral adaptation?
a squirrel gathering nuts
a whale migrating to warmer waters
a giraffe's long neck
a chipmunk digging a hole in the ground
65
Was Darwin the first person to think of the evolution theory?
No
Yes
66
Whic is mimicry adaptation?
Spikes on a bearded dragon
Venom in snake bite
Looking like another animal
67
causes mass extinctions
volcanic eruption
storm
earthquake
tsunami
68
Examples of behavioral adaptations are:
locomotion, migration
poison, camouflage
teeth, claws
hibernation, teeth
69
Darwin's "survival of the fittest" means?
organisms with desirable traits survive
Biggest organisms usually survive
organisms that are best adapted to their environment survive
The strongest usually survive
70
A bat's wings are homologous to
a dog's front legs.
a fish's tailfin.
a mosquito's wings.
an alligator's claws.
71
What is comparitive anatomy?
life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena
dealing with the structure of animals and plants
functions and activities of living organisms and their parts
shared structures to show evolutionary relationships
72
Functional adaptations
include shape or colour of an organisms
include the type of movement
include migrating, basking and using tools
include production of different types of urine
73
Which option shows a fossil undergoing mineralization?
When the dead organism becomes soft.
When the bones become rocks.
When the dinosaurs were eaten by others.
When the trees die and get buried.

Evolution exam review Flashcards | StudBud