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Campbell Biology chapter 1-5 (2018) Flashcards | StudBud
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Campbell Biology chapter 1-5 (2018)
Campbell Biology chapter 1-5 (2018)
120 terms
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Answers
1
All eukaryotes are now grouped in
Domain bacteria
Domain eukarya
Domain prokarya
Domain achraea
2
What is the maximum # of electrons in a single 2 p orbital of a atom
4
2
1
5
3
Which of the following effects is produced by the high surface tension of water
Evaporation of sweat from the skin helps keep people cool
Water flows upward from the roots to the leaves in plants
A water strider can walk across the surface of a small pond
Lakes dont freeze solid in water, despite low temps
4
The photo repersents a
Chemical bond
Ionic bond
5
Each orbital has a maximum of how many electrons
4
2
1
3
6
A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a
Population
Ecosystem
Biosystem
Community
7
What results from an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms?
A polar convalent bond
A nonpolar convalent bond
A hydrophobic interaction
A hydrogen bond
8
The line between the two H's and shares paired electrons
Chemical bind
Ionic bond
Single bond
9
Knowing just the atomic mass of an element allows inferences about which of the following?
The number of protons in the element
The chemical properties of the element
The number of protons plus neutrons in the element
The number of neutrons in the element
10
The increasing labour contractions of childbirth are an example of which type of
Positive feedback
Feedback inhibition
A bioinformatic system
Negative feedback
11
Protests have a membrane-bound nucleus and are eukaryotes
False
True
12
In a single molecule of water,two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by
Polar covalent bonds
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Ionic bonds
13
What does the 1 represent?
Mass number
Atomic number
14
Figure B is a(n)
Mitochondrion
Eukaryote
Protist
Prokaryote
15
Dehydration reaction
Break monomer chains
Bonding of monomers to build polymer chains
Bonding of hydrogen chains
Break polymer chains
16
Molecules structure around carbons same formula different bondin patterns & atomic organization
Enantiomers
Structural isomers
Cis isomers
Trans isomerd
17
Organic chemistry is the study of molecules containing
Hydrogen
Carbon
Water
Nitrogen
18
What are the three domains of life?
Eukarya, bacteria and parkarya
Archaea, prokarya, eukarya
Bacteria, prokarya and archaea
Archaea,bacteria and eukarya
19
Atomic mass
Equal amount of protons and neutrons in an atom
Total # or protons and neutrons in an atom
# of prtons in an atom
The mass of an atom
20
Which statement is true of all atoms that are anions
The atom has more electrons than protons
The atom has more neutrons than prtotons
The atom has fewer protons than a neutral atom
The atom has more protons than electrons
21
Which trace element is required by humans and other vertebrates, but not bacteria and plants
Calcium
Nitrogen
Sodium
Iodine
22
What increases the hydrogen concentration of a solution. Ph between 0-7
Protons
Neutrons
Bases
Acids
23
Is a carbon atom that is attached to 4 different types of atoms or groups of atoms
Atomic carbon
Asymmetrc atom
Hydroxyl atom
Carbonyl atom
24
A group of atoms that has a predictable chemical behaviour
Disfunctional groups
Functional DNA
Structural isomers
Functional groups
25
Definition of dependant variable
The constant
Variable that can be changed by other variables
Distance
Variable that cannot be changed
26
A negatively charged ion is called a
Anion
Cation
27
Mass number
Total # of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus
The mass of an atom
# of protons in an atom
# of electrons in an atom
28
The complexity & variety of organic molecules is due to
They're tremendously large size
Their interaction with water
The variety of rare elements in organic molecules
The chemical versatility of carbon atoms
29
No man has ever gotten pregnant. Thus, no man will ever get pregnant
Deductive reasoning
Inductive reasoning
30
Each pair of molecules that are a mirror to each other
Structural isomers
Enantiomers
Hydrocarbons
Cis-trans isomers
31
What domains is prokaryotes classified under?
Bacteria and archaea
Eukarya and monera
Archaea and monera
Bacteria and eukarya
32
What is a pure chemical substance made up of the same type of atom?
Compounds
Neurons
Elements
Protons
33
Equal # of protons, different # of neutrons in their nuclei
Electrons
Isotopes
Cell walls
Atoms
34
The tension of a surface film of a liquid
Surface friction
Surface molecule
Surface solution
Surface tension
35
Atomic number is?
The mass of an atom
Total # of neurons in an atom
Total # of electrons in an atom
# of protons in an atom
36
What is the purpose of gene expression
To multiply the cells
To make proteins
To obtain energy
To replicate DNA
37
A covalent bond is likely to be polar when
One of 2 atoms sharing electrons is more electronegative
Oxygen is one of the 2 atoms sharing electrons
The two atoms sharing ecetrons are equally electronegative
The 2 atoms sharing electrons are different elements
38
Involves sharing of electron pairs between atoms
Provalent bonds
Negative covalent bonds
Covalent bonds
Noncovalent bonds
39
A positively charged ion and more protons than electrons is
A anion
A cation
40
2 atoms of an element that differ in number of neutrons?
Isotopes
Protons
Atomic mass
Neutrons
41
The reactivity of an atom arises from
The sum of the potential energies of all the electron cells
The average distance from electron from the nucleus
The potential emgery of the valence shell
The existance of unpaired electrons in the valence shell
42
The energies corresponding to each of the electrons within the shell
Enegery levels on the nucleus
Engery levels of atoms
Engery levels of electrons
Energy levels on the protons
43
Liquid water's high specific heat is mainly a consequence of the
Absorbtion & release of heat when hydrogen bond break & form
Fact that water is poor heat conductor
High slecific heat of oxygen and hydrogen atoms
Small size of the water molecules
44
Which of the following categories includes all others in yhe list?
Carbohyrates
Monosaccharide
Polysaccharride
Starch
45
The 2 represents
Mass number
Atomic number
46
When blood glucose level is low pancreas secretes glucagon making glucose rise using
Negative feedback
Catalytic feedback
Positive feedback
Bioinformatic regulation
47
The method of scientific inquiry that draws conclusions from observations & analysis of data is
Qualitative science
Quantitative science
Deductive reasoning
Inductive reasoning
48
Which of the following would be regarded as compounds?
H20 and ch4, but not 02
H20,02,ch4
02,ch4
H20,02
49
How many naturally occurring elements?
60
92
74
82
50
A substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. Ph between 7-14
Bases
Neutrons
Acids
Protons
51
Chemistry of carbon compounds. Study structure, properties and reactions of carbon compounds
Non-organic chemistry
Hydrocarbon chemistry
Organic chemistry
52
The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem comes from
Water
The atmosphere
Other animals as a food source
Solar energy
53
Example of single celled or multi-celled,such as humans, plants,fungi, insects are examples of
Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells
54
My dad has curly hair my brother has curly hair. Therefore I am related to all curly hair
Inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
55
John will play tennis today if Smith plays. John will not play today if Smith won't play
Deductive reasoning
Inductive reasoning
56
The 2 lines in the photo and sharing 2 pairs of valence electrons
Double bond
Chemical bond
Single bond
57
The 3 types of subatomic particles pertinent to the study of biology are
Electrons,prsitrons and neutrons
Electrons,protons and neutrinos
Quarks,photons, and garvitons
Electrons,protons and neutrons
58
What does the 1 represent?
1 proton AND 1 neutron
1 proton AND 1 electron
1 electron OR 1 proton
59
What describes any chemical reaction that has reached equilibrium?
The reaction is irreversible
The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal
Both forward and reverse reactions have halted
The concentrations of products and reactions are equal
60
Amino acids are acids because they always possess which functional group?
Carboxyl
Carbonyl
Phosphate
Amino
61
Negative feedback does not regulate the bodies responses
True
False
62
Single celled organism with a cell wall but no nucleus in a hot thermal vent is
Protosta
Eukarya
Animalia
Archaea
63
Hydrolysis?
Bonding polymers
Bonding monomers
Break down of polymers
Breaking monomers
64
You know figure A is an eukaryote because
Is larger than B
Internal membrane-bound structures are visible
It has no defined nucleus
It is not perfectly smooth
65
Energy currency of life. High energy molecule storing energy to supply the cell with energy.
ATP/adenosine triphosphate
Living matter
Asymmetric carbon
Biological diversity
66
The photo represents a
Covalent bond
Ionic bond
67
All the organisms on your campus make up
An ecosystem
A population
A community
An experimental group
68
In order from 1-7 how many electrons per electron shell?
2,2,8,8,18,18,32
2,8,8,18,18,32,32
2,8,10,18,32,32
69
Results from carbons ability to form a huge # of molecules with particular shapes & properties
Asymmetric carbom
Biological diversity
ATP
Living matter
70
The 2 represents
1 proton and 1 electron
1 proton AND 1 neutron
1 electron OR 1 proton
71
Why is each element unique and different from other elements in chemical properties?
Each element has a unique atomic mass
Each element has a uniqu number of neutrons in its nuclues
Each element has a unique number of protons in its nuclues
Each element has a unique atomic weight
72
Which functional groups can act as acids
Carboxyl & phosphate
Hydroxyl & aldehyde
Ketone & amino
Amino & sulfhydryl
73
Decay spontaneously, giving off particles and engery
Radioactive/stable isotopes
Radioactive/unstable isotopes
74
O2 has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 16. What is the atomic mass of a oxygen atom?
Approximately 16 grams
Exactly 8 daltons
Exactly 8 grams
Approximately 16 daltons
75
What are 3 subatomic particles that composed of an atom?
Protons,photons,electrons
Protons,nucleuos,electrons
Protons,neutrons, electrodes
Protons,neutrons,electrons
76
Attractions btwn atoms that interact & complete their valence shell?
Atomic bonds
Negative bonds
Chemical bonds
Positive bonds
77
What forms the atomic nucleus
Neutrons and electrons
Protons and electrons
Neutrons and protons
78
Chemicals released by the platelets attract more platelets is called positive feedback
False
True
79
Eukaryotic cells dont have a membrane-bound organelles including a nucleus
False
True
80
Which type of bond must be broken for water to vaporize?
Hydrogen bonds
Ionic bonds
Polar covalent bonds
Both hydrogen and ionic bonds
81
Definition of an independent variable?
Variation
Variable that cannot be changed
Stays the same
Variable that can be change
82
Two resulting oppositely charged atoms or molecules are called
Van der waals
Icons
Bluetons
Ions
83
The orbit followed by electrons around an atoms nucleus
Electron shells
Proton shells
Nuclon shells
Valence
84
Which of the following are qualities of any good scientific hypothesis
It is testable
It is falsifiable and testable
It produces quantitative data
It is falsifiable
85
A substance consisting of two or more elements are called compounds
False
True
86
Holds hydrogen bonds together to create surface tension on water
Cohesion
Forhesive
Prohesion
Adhesive
87
The compound of hydro and carbon, such as those seen in petroleum and natural gas
Isomers
Enantiomers
Hydrocarbons
Organic matter
88
Weak attractions btwn molecules that result from transient local partial charges
Wild type
Van der waals interactions
Yolk
Visible light
89
The clotting of blood in response to injury is an example of
Quantitative feedback
Positive feedback
Biological feedback
Negative feedback
90
Attraction between two atoms
Ionic bonds
Chemical bonds
Non polar bonds
91
Why does evaporation of water from a surface chase cooling of the surface?
The expansion of water vapor extracts heat from the surface
The breaking of bonds between water molecules absorbs heat
The solute molecules left behind absorb heat
The water molecules with most heat energy evaporate faster
92
Independent or dependent variable? Your scores on a math exam
Independent variable
Dependent variable
93
Which is the independent variable. The longer I sleep, the better my math score
Distance
Volume
Math score
Time sleeping
94
Prokaryotic cells dont have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles
True
False
95
Gene expression gets info from Gene's DNA to make proteins and RNA's
False
True
96
Lineage of modern whales were 4 limb land animals turned into 2 flippers this change is called
Natural philosophy
Natural selection
Feedback inhibition
The hierarchy of the biological organization of life
97
What Contains atoms of different elements combined together in a fixed ratio?
Elements
Compounds
Neutrons
Electrons
98
Which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?
Carbon,oxygen,phosphorus,hydrogen
Carbon,oxygen,nitrogen,hydrogen
Oxygen,hydrogen,calcium,nitrogen
Carbon,sodium,hydrogen,nitrogen
99
The term trace element, the adjective trace means that
The element is very rare on earth
The element enhances health but is not essential
The element can be used as a label to trace atoms.
The element is required in a very small amount
100
_____ is any chemical element required by an organism for a healthy growth
Polar element
Essential element
Trace element
Non polar element
101
________ forces the pull of water toward other molecules
Cohesion
Prohesion
Adhesion
Forhesion
102
Two or more compounds with the same formula but different arrangement of atoms in the molecule
Hydrocarbons
Organic matter
Structural DNA
Isomers
103
Form when one atoms gives up one or more electrons to another atom
Ionic bonds
Provalent bonds
Proton bonds
Covalent bonds
104
Organisms are adapted to the environment they live in
True
False
105
The path of an electron around the nucleus of an atom
Neutron orbitals
Proton obitals
Photon orbitals
Electron obitals
106
Water molecules are able to form hydrogen bonds with
Oxygen gas molecules
Compounds that have polar covalent bonds
Oils
Chloride ions
107
Measuring the # of hydrogen atoms it can displace or combine with
Provalent
Covalent
Falsesense
Valence
108
First, second and third shells in order of energy levels
Highest, higher, lowest energy level
Lowest, highier, highest energy level
109
Which of the following explains most specifically the attraction of water molecules to another
Polar covalent bond
Hydrogen bond
Ionic bond
Non polar covalent bond
110
A chemical element required only in minute amounts by living organisms for normal growth
Non polar element
Trace element
Polar element
Essential element
111
Which of the following best demonstrates the unity among all organisms
Emergent properties
Descent with modification
The structure and function of DNA
Natural selection
112
The outer shell of an atom containing the valence electrons
Valence shell
Proton shell
Atom shell
Electron shell
113
The structural level of protein least affected by a disruption of hydrogen bonding is the
Secondary level
Tertiary level
Primary level
Quarternary level
114
The two cells pictured above have the following in common
Organelles used in photosynthesis
Membranes surrounding their DNA
Cell walls
Membranes separating them from their surroundings
115
Pairs of molecules,same formula but their functional groups are rotated in differen orientation
Hydrocarbons
Enantiomers
Structural isomers
Cis-trans isomers
116
How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete it valence shell?
3
2
1
4
117
When 2 atoms are equally electronegative, they will interact to form
Van der waals interactions
Hydrogen bonds
Nonpolar covalent bonds
An ionic bond
118
Protests and bacteria are grouped into different domains because
Protests eat bacteria
Bacteria are not made of cells
Protests are photosynthetic
Protests have a membrane-bound nucleus
119
Compared with 31^P, the radioactive isotope 32^P has
One more electron
One more neutron
One more proton
A different atomic number
120
Positive feedback amplifies the bodies responses
False
True