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Earth Science Chapter 8 Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth Science Chapter 8
Earth Science Chapter 8
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1
What is the composition of the outer core?
Iron and nickel
Iron and copper
Copper and Sulfate
Copper and nickel
2
A seismogram is
An ocean wave caused by an earthquake
A wave of energy moving through Earth's crust
A scientist who studies earthquakes
A record made by a seismograph
3
A weak, easily deformed layer in the mantle is called the
asthensophere
oceanic crust
lithosphere
lower mantle
4
What can P waves travel through?
just solids
solids, liquids, and gases
humans and animals
solids and gases
5
When elastic deformation occurs, energy is sent outward as:
Wavelength
Energy
Seismic waves
Surface Wave
6
A time travel graph can be used to find
damage of an earthquake
strength of an earthquake
focus of an earthquake
epicenter of an earthquake
7
Which seismic wave has the highest velocity
L-wave
P-wave
S-wave
R-wave
8
What type of seismic waves cause material to vibrate at right angles to the direction in which the waves travel?
surface waves
P waves
transverse waves
S waves
9
the process by which rocks change shape under stress is called ?
anticline
fault-block
normal
deformation
10
What can cause a tsunami?
Fish
Landslide
Earthquake
Heavy rain
11
What are aftershocks?
Scary shocks
Earthquakes that follow the largest shock of the earthquake sequence
A snack
Energy drink
12
Which statement correctly compares P waves and S waves?
P waves are slower; S waves do not move through liquid
P waves are faster; S waves move through liquids
P waves are slower; S waves move through liquids
P waves are faster; S waves do not move through liquid
13
A seismic gap is an area where
none of the above
there is always earthquake activity happening
there has not been earthquake activity in a long time
there is no fault
14
The moment magnitude scale has replaced the Richter scale.
True
False
15
Describe the cause of an earthquake
the gradual movement of a fault
release of elastic energy stored in rock
convection currents building up
Bending a ruler too far
16
The advantage of Moment Magnitude scale compared with the Richter scale
Richter smells like fish. Moment magnitiude smells like poptarts.
Richter measures P waves. Moment magnitude measures S waves.
Richter measures from the focus. Moment magnitude is from the epicenter.
For very strong earthquakes, Moment magnitude is more accurate.
17
Where is the Moho located?
between the outer core and inner core
between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere
between the crust and the mantle
between the mantle and the outer core
18
Foreshocks occur...
After the main earthquake
Before the main earthquake.
19
S waves travel through solids.
False
True
20
Waves move in a push or pull motion. These waves can also pass through the center of Earth.
Primary Waves
Secondary Waves
Surface Waves
21
What is the epicenter?
Point inside of the earthquake
Point directly above an earthquake
Point not near the earthquake
Point directly below the earthquake
22
This tool records ground vibrations
seismogram
seismologist
seismograph
23
Which two waves are body waves?
L
P
R
S
24
The distance between a seismic station and the earthquake epicenter is determined from the
calculation of the earthquake magnitude
arrival times of P and S waves
measurement of the amplitude of the surface wave
intensity of the earthquake
25
What is the solid outer rocky part of the earth?
Lower mantle
Sand
Inner core
Lithosphere
26
Epicenter is
The rupture begins at a point on the fault plane
A point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake
27
To find the epicenter of an earthquake, you need a minimum of ____ seismic stations.
3
1
4
2
28
The lithosphere includes
Crust
Core
Crust and upper mantle
Mantle
29
The San Andreas Fault is located in which state?
Colorado
California
Canada
Connecticut
30
A fault is....
Earth’s surface where structures move during an earthquake
A fracture in the earth where movement has occurred
place on Earth where earthquakes cannot occur
Another name for an earthquake
31
What's a Tsunami?
A snow storm with strong winds
large wave in the ocean
large wave in the ocean usually caused by an earthquake
A very dangerous wind
