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Duplicate of 8th Grade Test Prep Science Review
Duplicate of 8th Grade Test Prep Science Review
123 terms
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All terms for 8th grade science. #science #8thgrade #testprep
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1
A change in which one or more substances are converted into new substances.
Chemical Equation
Chemical Reaction
Physical Reaction
Physical Change
2
The change over time in populations of related organisms.
Aquifer
Law of Superposition
Geologic Evolution
Biological Evolution
3
This is a large deposit of groundwater that can be extracted and used.
River
Watershed
Stream
Aquifer
4
Domain of prokaryotic organisms that are biochemically and genetically distinct from bacteria.
Bacteria
Protozoa
Animalia
Archaea
5
They speed up chemical reactions without being consumed by the reaction.
Catalysts
Combustion
Product
Synthesis
6
A chemical reaction that breaks down compounds into simpler products.
Decomposition
Synthesis
Oxidation
Combustion
7
Total mass of living matter in the form of one or more kinds of organisms in a habitat.
Fossil Fuels
Species
Isolation
Biomass
8
This is the energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms.
Catalysts
Bond Energy
Reactants
Product
9
The number of particles that are present in a certain volume.
Concentration
Diffusion
Precipitation
Cohesion
10
Large water-filled hole in which burned coal from power plants is deposited
Coal Ash Pond
Salt Lake
Swamp
Tar Pit
11
Used to measure volume precisely.
Graduated Balance
Triple Beam Balance
Graduated Cylinder
Magnifying Glass
12
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic Number
Atomic Mass Number
Atomic Nucleus
Electron
13
A class of animals with feathers, wings and beaks. They lay eggs and have hollow bones.
Reptiles
Amphibians
Birds
Mammals
14
A characteristic that improves an individual's ability to survive and reproduce.
Mutation
Adoption
Mutant
Adaptation
15
Chemical reaction where fuel combines with oxygen to produce heat, light, CO
2
, and water.
Decomposition
Synthesis
Combustion
Oxidation
16
Art and science of producing food from the land and tending livestock for human consumption.
Agriculture
Selective Mutation
Evolution
Adaptation
17
Any change that results in new substances; Examples: Combustion, Oxidation, Decomposition, etc.
Physical Changes
Gaining Mass
Chemical Changes
Losing Mass
18
This gas is under very high pressure inside of its container, and may explode easily.
Highly Toxic
Caution
Compressed Gas
Dangerous
19
The basic unit of a chemical element.
Neutron
Atom
Electron
Proton
20
An organism that absorbs nutrients from the environment.
Bacteria
Fungi
Protozoa
Algae
21
Organisms, like protists, bacteria, and fungi, that recycle nutrients back to the soil.
Decomposers
Parasites
Hosts
Plants
22
A device designed to transmit electricity, heat, etc.
Insulator
Conductor
Malleable
Ductile
23
Water with salinity between salt water and fresh water.
Brackish
Ocean
Aquifer
Glacier
24
The largest taxonomic category; it's divided into three groups, Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.
Kingdom
Class
Domain
Family
25
When an intrusion in rock is crossing the other layers of rock.
Era
Index Fossil
Fossil Record
Crosscut
26
The global cycle of movement of carbon, in all of its forms, from one reservoir to another.
Air Currents
Carbon Cycle
Water Cycle
Water Currents
27
A malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal, uncontrolled cell division.
Virus
Cancer
Pathogen
Bacteria
28
Group of similar orders.
Domain
Class
Food Web
Biodiversity
29
An attraction between molecules of different substances.
Perspiration
Cohesion
Adhesion
Tension
30
Visible shapes left after an animal or plant was buried in sediment and then decayed away.
Index Fossils
Trace Fossils
Fossil Molds
Fossil Casts
31
One of four time periods representing a time of major sediment deposition and movement.
Biologic Era
Geologic Era
Biologic Century
Geologic Century
32
Used to help pour liquids without spills.
Tongs
Beaker
Funnel
Dropper
33
The largest division of geologic time
Eon
Century
Period
Decade
34
A form of technology that uses living organisms for a specific purpose.
Biomass
Bioremediation
Biotechnology
Biodiversity
35
Structures having the same function, the similarity reflects adaptation, not common ancestry.
Analogous Structures
Homologous Structures
Aquifer
Mutation
36
the numbers that represent the number of units of each substance taking part in a reaction
Subscripts
Products
Coefficients
Reactants
37
A person infected with a pathogen.
Bacteria
Carrier
Mailman
Pathologist
38
The use of living organisms to detoxify and restore polluted and degraded ecosystems.
Bioremediation
Biohazard
Biotechnology
Biology
39
Wastewater treatment step in which sticky particle clump together to form larger pieces
Disinfection
Filtration
Bioremediation
Coagulation
40
Organisms that rely on the environment for body heat. (Cold-Blooded)
Ectothermic
Endothermic
41
These materials are acid-like and will eat away or dissolve things.
Carcinogen
Explosive
Toxic
Corrosive
42
The process of breeding plants and animals for genetic traits, known as selective breeding.
Natural Selection
Artificial Selection
Isolation
Animal Models
43
Measurement of oxygen dissolved in the water
Dissolved Oxygen
Mixed Oxygen
Liquid Oxygen
Pure Oxygen
44
Organisms that produce their own body heat. (Warm-Blooded)
Endothermic
Clone
Ectothermic
Amoeba
45
The actual age in years of an event or object; can be determined using radioactive dating.
Eon
Geologic Era
Absolute Age
Relative Age
46
This is a reaction in which energy is absorbed.
Endothermic Reaction
Exothermic Reaction
Combustion Reaction
Synthesis Reaction
47
The simplest forms of life known on Earth, unicellular and classified by their shapes.
Virus
Protist
Bacteria
Fungi
48
A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule.
Covalent Bond
Super Glue
Physical Bond
Ionic Bond
49
Differences among individuals in the composition of their genes or other DNA sequences.
Consumer
Genetic Variation
Producer
Geologic Variation
50
Atmospheric gases that absorb some wavelengths of radiation typically emitted by the surface.
Carbonate Gasses
Nobel Gasses
Greenhouse Gasses
Halogen Gasses
51
The age of mammals
Cenozoic
Precambrian
Mesozoic
Paleozoic
52
Power derived from the wind (as by windmills).
Nuclear Power
Hydroelectric Power
Wind Power
Solar Power
53
Ocean currents caused by differences in temperature and salinity
River Currents
Deep Currents
Freshwater Currents
Surface Currents
54
Russian who developed a periodic table of elements, predicting the discovery of many elements
Charles Darwin
Albert Einstein
Antoine Lavoisier
Dmitri Mendeleev
55
Organisms, like large fish, that eat small fish.
Secondary Producer
Secondary Consumer
Decomposer
Secondary Decompser
56
A material that cannot be broken down into more fundamental parts.
Element
Mixture
Substance
Compound
57
Identification by looking at genetic material; including determining paternity.
Animal Models
DNA Testing
Cloning
Human Trials
58
The center of an atom; it contains protons and neutrons.
Atomic Number
Atomic Nucleus
Electron Cloud
Element
59
Energy derived from hot rocks and/or fluids beneath thew Earth's surface.
Wind Energy
Solar Energy
Geothermal Energy
Hydrothermal Energy
60
An extended amount of time marked by a series of related events. These are also called Epochs.
Genetic Period
Geothermal Period
Biologic Period
Geologic Period
61
Any disease easily transmitted by contact.
Contagion
Carcinogen
Pathogen
Carrier
62
The unit that is used to measure electric current.
Ampherage
Liters
Meters
Joules
63
The preserved remains or traces of organisms that once lived on Earth.
Flammable
Fossils
Fish
Amber
64
Used to suction small amounts of liquid or add small amounts of liquids.
Test Tube
Graduated Cylinder
Dropper
Beaker
65
These materials are able to catch fire easily.
Corrosive
Caution
Toxic
Flammable
66
The time required for one-half of the atoms of a radioisotope to emit radiation and decay.
Partial-Life
Half-Life
Parent-Life
Full-Life
67
A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait.
Geode
Gene
Granite
Gray Matter
68
The change of a substance from a liquid to a gas
Condensation
Transpiration
Evaporation
Precipitation
69
Animal tests thought to be related to human disorders, used for research or drug development.
Human Trials
Ethics
Mammal
Animal Models
70
These are formed when molds become filled with minerals
Casts
Index Fossil
Trace Fossils
Carbon Films
71
The ability to walk upright on two legs.
Bipedal
Bicycle
Bionic
Biotechnology
72
A form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides to form two identical cells.
Bacteria
Birds
Biodiversity
Binary Fission
73
Contains nonmetals, 7 valence electrons in its outermost energy level. Very reactive.
Nobel Gasses
Halogens
Alkalines
Transition Metals
74
Attraction between molecules of the same substance
Transpiration
Tension
Cohesion
Adhesion
75
A metal that is able to be drawn (made) into wire.
Ductile
Conductive
Corrosive
Electric
76
Does not contain any salt water and can be rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, and wetlands
Midnight Zone
Estuaries
Saltwater
Freshwater
77
Wastewater treatment step in which UV light and chlorine (bleach) are used to kill bacteria
Filtration
Coagulation
Disinfection
Bioremediation
78
These materials are likely to cause a sudden, loud and violent release of energy.
Caution
Implosive
Toxic
Explosive
79
The disappearance of all members of a species from Earth
Evolution
Cloning
Extinction
Biodiversity
80
Used for less hazardous materials.
Radioactive
Toxic
Caution
Dangerous to the Environment
81
English naturalist and scientist, published "On The Origin of the Species" in 1859 (Evolution).
Antoine Lavoisier
Albert Einstein
Charles Darwin
Dmitri Mendeleev
82
A process in which a cell, cell product, or organism is copied from an original source.
Cohesion
Animal Models
Cloning
Human Trials
83
Multicellular eukaryotes that can move and consume food.
Fungi
Algae
Plantae
Animalia
84
A large mass of moving ice and snow on land
Hurricane
Tidal Wave
Glacier
Iceberg
85
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.
Isotope
Atomic Number
Ion
Atomic Mass Number
86
A wide mouthed container used to measure, mix, or heat things in the lab.
Measuring Cup
Test Tube
Beaker
Graduated Cylinder
87
A cancer-causing substance.
Pathogen
Nitrogen
Carcinogen
Oxygen
88
Pollution from fecal waste made up of harm-causing organisms like E. coli.
Waterborne Pathogens
Waterborne Fish
Waterborne Vaccination
Waterborne Extremophiles
89
A subatomic particle having a negative charge and existing in a cloud around an atom's nucleus.
Ion
Neutron
Electron
Proton
90
A living part of an ecosystem
Abiotic Factor
Biotic Factor
Biodiversity
Adversary
91
The change from a gas to a liquid
Precipitation
Transpiration
Evaporation
Condensation
92
A set of moral principles or values.
Balance
Ethics
Civics
Religion
93
Domain of all organisms whose cells have nuclei, includes protists, plants, fungi, and animals.
Eukaryota
Bacteria
Viruses
Prokaryotes
94
The area between two river basins or an area that drains into a small river or stream.
Watershed
Toolshed
Bicycle Shed
Woodshed
95
Deep ocean zone.
Abyssal Zone
Hadal Zone
Sunlight Zone
Twilight Zone
96
When adhesion causes water molecules to move up through a narrow tube like the stem of a plant.
Cohesion
Evolution
Capillary Action
Natural Selection
97
Infectious material with the potential to cause disease or infection.
Biohazard
Caution
Corrosive
Explosive
98
These materials can kill or injure nature.
Corrosive to the Skin
Evidence of Chemical Change
Radioactive Elements
Dangerous to the Environment
99
Ability to do work
Cohesion
Chemistry
Energy
Bipedal
100
Includes color change, formation of a precipitate, formation of gas, and temperature change.
Evidence of Evolution
Evidence of a Chemical Change
Evidence of a Physical Change
Evidence of Transpiration
101
Organisms, like small fish, that eat algae.
Producing Consuner
Decomposer
Primary Consumer
Producer
102
Chemical symbols and numbers representing elements and number of atoms that make up compounds.
Chemical Formula
Coefficient
Subscript
Atomic Number
103
Plant-like protists.
Algae
Mold
Fungi
Protoza
104
An ectothermic vertebrate that lives in the water and has fins.
Reptiles
Insects
Fish
Amphibians
105
Organisms are buried, liquids and gases are squeezed out, and a film of carbon is left.
Index Fossils
Carbon Films
Trace Fossils
Fossil Casts
106
A group of drugs used to block the growth and reproduction of bacterial pathogens.
Antibotic
Pathogen
Animal Models
Human Trials
107
Wastewater treatment step in which a series of filters is used to remove small particles
Bioremediation
Coagulation
Disinfection
Filtration
108
A group of cells grown in a nutrient solution from a single original cell.
Cell Culture
Culture Club
Photosynthesis
Cell Wall
109
Molecules move freely and are separated, change shape easily, and solids pass through easily.
Liguids
Plasmas
Solids
Gasses
110
Ocean trench zone
Sunlight Zone
Estuary Zone
Hadal Zone
Twilight Zone
111
The number of species within a specific habitat.
Natural Selection
Isolation
Biodiversity
Evolution
112
Using computers to create abstract models of objects, organisms, organizations, and processes.
Computer Modeling
Animal Models
Human Trials
Computer Graphics
113
The study of the changes that have occurred to the earth itself.
Artificial Evolution
Biological Evolution
Genetic Evolution
Geologic Evolution
114
Protects eyes.
Microscope
Beaker
Goggles
Dropper
115
Provides Proof
Google
Ratio
Evidence
Estuary
116
Fuels that are made from fossil organic matter and stored deep in the Earth for long times.
Hydrothermal
Solar Fuel
Fossil Fuels
Geothermal
117
Branch of biotech that alters genes in organisms to achieve medicinal or agricultural purposes.
Chemical Modification
Zoological Modification
Genetic Modification
Geologic Modification
118
A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.
Pandemic
Pathogen
Carcinogen
Epidemic
119
This is a chemical reaction in which heat is released to the surroundings.
Electron Reaction
Ectothermic Reaction
Endothermic Reaction
Exothermic Reaction
120
A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds.
Atom
Ion
Element
Compound
121
These animals begin in water and breathe with gills. As adults, they breathe with lungs.
Fish
Mammal
Reptile
Amphibians
122
French chemist who proved the Law of Conservation of Mass.
Antoine Lavoisier
Albert Einstein
Dmitri Mendeleev
Charles Darwin
123
Information about past life, including the structure, predators, environment, and order.
Fossil Fuel
Hydrothermal Vents
Cold Seeps
Fossil Record
