A condition where a person cannot perceive motion

What are figural cues?

Elements more likely to be recognized as the main subject in an image

What are the two main oculomotor depth cues?

Binocular convergence and accommodation.

What is the 'cone of confusion' in auditory localization?

A geometric construct where sounds cannot be pinpointed.

The ability to preferentially process certain stimuli while ignoring others

How does the Ames room create an illusion of size?

By making one person appear closer than they actually are., By manipulating the angle of the walls.

Why can we not perceive a reddish green color?

Red and green are complementary colours

What does the 'footsteps illusion' demonstrate?

The relationship between color contrast and motion perception

What does the 'kinetic depth effect' refer to?

It allows viewers to infer the 3D shape of an object from its motion

What is apparent motion?

The illusion created by alternating images

What was the main focus in the Holway and Boring (1941) experiment?

How depth cues influence size judgments.

What is size constancy?

An object's apparent size does not depend on its physical distance.

How do grouping and segregation work in perceptual organization?

Grouping binds parts together, while segregation separates them.

In what scenario are conjunction searches predicted to be slow, according to Feature Integration Theory?

When features of the target are shared with distractors

What is change blindness?

Failing to notice changes to a visual scene

What are motion transients, and how do they relate to change blindness?

Changes in the absence of attention and help prevent change blindness

What does "attentional capture" refer to?

The phenomenon where focus is drawn involuntarily to salient stimuli

What is an example of figural properties that help in identifying objects?

Convex regions are seen as figures.

What is the 'gist' of a scene?

The overall impression or general idea of what the scene depicts.

What does "induced motion" refer to?

Visual perception of movement in an object when it's physically stationary

The quality or colour of a sound.

What is the spaciousness factor?

Ratio of indirect sound to total sound

What does the principle of Prägnanz refer to?

Grouping occurs to achieve simplicity in perception.

According to Feature Integration Theory (FIT), why are conjunction searches typically slow?

Attentional resources must be directed to each object sequentially.

What factors determine the color of the light reflected by an object?

The object’s reflectance and illumination.

What primarily directs our attention?

The saliency of the visual scene

What is an illusory conjunction?

An incorrect association of features from different objects

What is the difference between overt and covert attention?

Overt requires direct gaze; covert shifts focus without changing gaze

How does the visual system achieve color constancy?

Through habituation and discounting the illuminant.

How long do observers need to get a rudimentary gist of a scene?

About 27 milliseconds is enough for minimal gist extraction.

What is the binding problem in perception?

Challenge of combining features of an object to form a cohesive perception

What is the primary function of colour perception in humans?

To assist in survival tasks, such as foraging

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MBB1 Sensation and Perception Exam Revision

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Questions 59

Answers

1
What is akinetopsia?
A phenomenon that causes objects to appear to move
A condition where a person cannot perceive motion
A type of motion aftereffect
An illusion created by moving images
2
Ideally, what base ratio do you want?
Very High
Medium
Low
High
3
What are figural cues?
Elements that change color in response to movement
Elements that are usually ignored in an image
Elements that only appear in static images
Elements more likely to be recognized as the main subject in an image
4
Which type of cones become primarily active in bright light conditions?
S cones
L cones
Rods
M cones
5
In the Holway and Boring (1941) experiment, what was one of the depth cues used?
Color contrast
Texture gradient
Shape constancy
Motion parallax
6
What does motion perception help us interpret?
Help with colour discrimination
The structure of objects
Static images of objects
Emotional responses to visual stimuli
7
What are the two main oculomotor depth cues?
Binocular convergence and accommodation.
Motion parallax and depth perspective.
Monocular cues and visual angles.
Depth perception and retinal disparity.
8
What is the 'cone of confusion' in auditory localization?
A geometric construct where sounds cannot be pinpointed.
A psychological effect due to loudness.
A geometric construct where sounds can be pinpointed.
An area where sound waves cancel each other.
9
Which of the following is NOT a situation in which motion can alter perception?
Static motion
Apparent motion
Motion aftereffects
Induced motion
10
What is attention?
The ability to preferentially process certain stimuli while ignoring others
The retention of sensory information
The capacity to multitask effectively
The speed at which information is processed
11
How does the Ames room create an illusion of size?
By changing the distance of the viewer.
By making one person appear closer than they actually are.
By manipulating the angle of the walls.
By altering the lighting conditions.
12
Why can we not perceive a reddish green color?
They are the same colour
They are both warm colours
It is not in the visible spectrum.
Red and green are complementary colours
13
What does the 'footsteps illusion' demonstrate?
How sound influences perception
The effect of light on motion perception
The ambiguity in motion interpretation
The relationship between color contrast and motion perception
14
Which of the following is NOT a pictorial depth cue?
Relative height
Texture gradient
Accomodation
Occlusion
15
What does the 'kinetic depth effect' refer to?
It describes how fast an object is moving
It pertains to the perception of sound in motion.
It allows viewers to infer the 3D shape of an object from its motion
It helps determine the color of moving objects
16
What primarily influences the perceived loudness of a sound?
Frequency
Duration
Amplitude
Timbre
17
How do animals often use color in a biological context?
To store energy
To confuse predators
To camouflage
To attract mates
18
Which phenomena can be used as evidence for opponent-process theory?
Optical illusions
Afterimages
Color mixing
Lateral inhibition
19
What is apparent motion?
The illusion created by alternating images
The actual movement of an object
A sensory adaptation to movement
The perception of motion in stationary objects
20
What was the main focus in the Holway and Boring (1941) experiment?
How depth cues influence size judgments.
The effect of colour on size perception.
The impact of light intensity on depth visibility.
The relationship between shape and motion perception.
21
What is size constancy?
The relative comparison of sizes between two different objects.
The capability to judge size based on the surrounding objects.
An object's apparent size does not depend on its physical distance.
The ability to perceive size variations under different conditions.
22
How do grouping and segregation work in perceptual organization?
Segregation only applies to colors, while grouping applies to shapes.
Grouping is subjective while segregation is objective.
They both bind parts together without separation.
Grouping binds parts together, while segregation separates them.
23
In what scenario are conjunction searches predicted to be slow, according to Feature Integration Theory?
When attention is automatically directed to the most salient object
When the target is distinctly different from the distractors
When multiple objects need to be processed simultaneously
When features of the target are shared with distractors
24
What are the two attributes of pitch?
Tone height and chroma
Harmonics and resonance
Amplitude and frequency
Volume and timbre
25
What is change blindness?
An increase in sensory perception
A heightened awareness of environmental changes
Awareness of physical sensations
Failing to notice changes to a visual scene
26
What is one of the main factors determining sound quality in concert halls?
Type of music played
Reverberation time
Lighting conditions
Audience size
27
What are motion transients, and how do they relate to change blindness?
They are unnecessary movements that distract attention
They are only significant in static images
Changes in the absence of attention and help prevent change blindness
They are visible alterations that can easily be observed
28
What does "attentional capture" refer to?
The ability to notice changes in a visual scene
The voluntary control of attention towards specific goals
The act of maintaining eye contact with an object
The phenomenon where focus is drawn involuntarily to salient stimuli
29
What is an example of figural properties that help in identifying objects?
Only textual information determines figure versus ground.
Colors alone are the best indicators of figures.
Convex regions are seen as figures.
Movement is the sole factor in perception.
30
Which type of color deficiency occurs when individuals lack L cones?
Monochromatism
Protanopia
Deuteranopia
Tritanopia
31
What occurs when an object appears larger or smaller than it really is due to perceived depth?
Depth perception
Size illusion
Size constancy
Visual angle
32
What is the 'gist' of a scene?
The detailed analysis of every object in the scene.
The overall impression or general idea of what the scene depicts.
The emotional response to a scene.
The color scheme of the scene.
33
What principle explains why we often do not hear echoes in a room?
Precedence effect
Reverberation effect
Interference effect
Intensity effect
34
What does "induced motion" refer to?
The illusion of motion in a static image
The mental interpretation of an object's motion
A type of change blindness due to visual distraction
Visual perception of movement in an object when it's physically stationary
35
What is timbre?
The pattern of sound waves.
The perceived loudness of a sound.
The frequency of the sound.
The quality or colour of a sound.
36
What is the spaciousness factor?
Ratio of direct sound to base ratio
Ratio of direct sound to total sound
Ratio of indirect sound to total sound
Ratio of constant sound to total sound
37
What is the formula for size constancy?
S = R + D
S = K / (R + D)
S = K + D
S = K x (R x D)
38
What does the principle of Prägnanz refer to?
The identification of figures from ground.
The organization of scenes based on context.
The separation of colors in visual stimuli.
Grouping occurs to achieve simplicity in perception.
39
According to Feature Integration Theory (FIT), why are conjunction searches typically slow?
Distractors are always unrelated to the target.
All features are recognized instantly with practice.
Attentional resources must be directed to each object sequentially.
Conjunction searches involve multiple targets instead of one.
40
What factors determine the color of the light reflected by an object?
The object’s size and shape.
The object’s reflectance and illumination.
The viewer's perspective and time of day.
The object's temperature and distance.
41
What primarily directs our attention?
Previous knowledge and memories
Physical movement in the environment
The saliency of the visual scene
Acoustic cues
42
What is an illusory conjunction?
An incorrect association of features from different objects
A phenomenon observed in auditory perception
A correct binding of features in perception
A method for intentionally directing attention
43
What is the difference between overt and covert attention?
Overt requires direct gaze; covert shifts focus without changing gaze
Overt attention is involuntary; covert is voluntary
Overt attention is focused; covert is dispersed
Overt attention involves peripheral vision; covert does not
44
In which phenomenon do objects seem to disappear due to motion?
Motion aftereffect
Motion induced blindness
Change blindness
Apparent motion
45
What are the two competing theories of perception discussed?
Structuralism and Gestaltism.
Behaviorism and Cognitivism.
Functionalism and Materialism.
Empiricism and Rationalism.
46
Which of these depicts a depth cue related to perspective?
Atmospheric perspective
Occlusion
Retinal image size
Shadows
47
How does the visual system achieve color constancy?
Through habituation and discounting the illuminant.
By adjusting the brightness of light.
By using only monocular cues.
By relying on peripheral vision.
48
How long do observers need to get a rudimentary gist of a scene?
It varies greatly among individuals and is unpredictable.
One full second of observation.
About 27 milliseconds is enough for minimal gist extraction.
Just 5 milliseconds is sufficient.
49
Which frequency range can humans typically hear?
20 Hz to 20,000 Hz
50 Hz to 5,000 Hz
10 Hz to 15,000 Hz
100 Hz to 10,000 Hz
50
What is the binding problem in perception?
The difficulty in processing multiple stimuli at once
Challenge of combining features of an object to form a cohesive perception
The inability to detect changes in visual scenes
The failure to remember sensory information
51
What is the primary function of colour perception in humans?
To enhance memory
To create art
To identify shapes
To assist in survival tasks, such as foraging
52
What is colour constancy?
The perception of colours being affected by surrounding colours
The ability to see colours in complete darkness
The ability to distinguish between shades of grey
The fixation of colours at constant brightness
53
What are the five cues that people tend to use to separate sound sources?
Location, base ratio, timbre & pitch, auditory discontinuity and experience
Location, time, space, place, and concert quality
Location, onset time, timbre & pitch, auditory continuity and experience
Space, time, place, timbre & pitch, auditory continuity and inexperience
54
What defines an illusory conjunction?
Instant recognition of features when present.
A phenomenon where all objects in a scene are recognized simultaneously.
Wrong binding of features from different objects due to inhibited attention
A type of visual search with no targets.
55
What is the binding problem in perception?
The process of segregating different objects in a scene.
The distinction between sensations and perceptions.
The issue of combining individual features to create a coherent percept.
The phenomenon where objects are recognized faster in isolation.
56
What theory explains how the signals from cones in the retina are processed into colour channels for perception?
Trichromatic Theory
Peripheral Processing Theory
Opponent-Process Theory
Colour Constancy Theory
57
What is one of the main difficulties in object perception?
Objects are always clearly defined in the environment.
Humans cannot perceive multiple objects simultaneously.
It is easier for machines to perceive than for humans.
The stimulus on the retina is often ambiguous.
58
What happens when you mix blue light with yellow light?
You get yellow light.
You get white light.
You get green light.
You get blue light.
59
Which of the following is NOT an effect of attention?
Attention can influence physiological responding
Attention can influence the appearance of stimuli
Attention speeds responses
Attention can alter emotional responses

MBB1 Sensation and Perception Exam Revision Flashcards | StudBud