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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
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1
Which of the descriptions most accurately captures the process of globalization?
spread of cultural homogeneity/loss of local distinctiveness
decline of communications technologies
loss of interconnectedness between places
acceleration of interdependence across national borders
2
_____ are people who have left their residence out of fear but have not left their own country.
refugees
asylum seekers
internationally displaced persons
undocumented immigrants
3
a rectangular pop. pyramid tells you that the population of that country is -
growing slightly, but staying mostly steady
falling rapidly
growing rapidly
falling slightly, but mostly staying steady
4
Fundamental principle of the Sector Model is based on what?
Development is based on amenities
Development is centered around transportation routes
Development is structured among the CBD
Development is based on locations of businesses
5
Forced sterilization, infanticide, and state sponsored contraceptives are all examples of
strict natalism
pro-natalism
anti-natalism
liberal natalism
6
This image represents
ethnic exclave
ethnic segregation
ethnic enclave
ethnic separatism
7
Doubling time is -
crude birth rate - crude death rate (per 1000)
crude death rate - crude birth rate (per 1000)
time it takes for pop. to double if growth remains constant
dependent on patterns of immigration and emigration
8
What do the UN, NATO, EU, ASEAN, and NAFTA have in common?
they are all supranational organizations
they are all multinational corporations
they are all military alliances
they are all non-governmental organizations
9
To support a prosperous econ, places need rds, bldgs, power, sewage, water. These are exs of
Infrastructure
Demographics
Ecumene
Density
10
All of the following statements are criticisms of suburban sprawl in the US EXCEPT:
it is a tax burden from increased infrastructure costs
it reduces commute times
it creates higher energy costs
it contributes to the destruction of prime agricultural land
11
Which is NOT a characteristic of popular culture as defined by human geographers?
It is widespread
It includes traits that change often
It is media driven
It is typically found in remote regions
12
Demographic Transition Model uses 3 stats. when analyzing pop. trends: which one is NOT used
age - sex rations
birth rates
death rates
total population growth
13
In Weber's Least Cost Theory, where would the best location of a paper mill in Portland, Oregon
Near raw materials outside of Portland's metropolitan area
Close to the other industrial areas in Portland
Within the central business district in Portland
Near the port in Portland
14
Which of the following most accurately describes the Human Development Index (HDI)
composite of life expectancy, pollution, infrastructure
composite of per capita income, education, infrastructure
composite of life expectancy, education, per capita income
composite of per capita income, infrastructure, corruption
15
The concept of outsourcing is becoming more important. All of these are characteristics EXCEPT
cheaper labor costs
typical examples are customer call centers
allows for 24 hour work day
typical practice of transnational corporations
16
____ encompasses the numerous goods and services that are a part of the agriculture business
Agribusiness
Bioengineering
Subsistence farming
Genetically modified organisms
17
Which of the following can be used to measure the level of development of a country?
Gross National Income
all of the above
Literacy Rates
Life expectancy
18
in Central Place Theory, the threshold of a service is determined by what factor?
the market area of a service
the maximum distance people are willing to go for a service
the minimum number of people to support a service
the amount of nodal areas in a Central Place Theory
19
The Industrial Rev is credited as the principal cause of pop growth at which stage of the DTM?
Stage 2
Stage 1
Stage 4
Stage 3
20
The practice of shifting cultivation would most likely be found where?
Peru
Germany
Afghanistan
United States
21
What might the USDA say about the size of farms in the United States today?
total farmland in the US is increasing
total farmland in the US is decreasing
farms in the US are bigger and number of farms is increasing
Farms in the US are fewer in number and bigger in size
22
Food preferences reveal culture. Hindus don't eat ___, Muslims don't eat ___.
pork; shrimp
beef; pork
pork; beef
chicken; beef
23
In Von Thunen, which is the correct order of ag land use traveling outward from market center?
Livestock, milk, wheat
Vegetables, forest, milk
Wheat, livestock, milk
Milk, forest, wheat
24
What language theory explains lang. from Caucasus around Caspian Sea into Iran, India & Europe
Conquest Theory
Agriculture Theory
Greenberg's Hypothesis
Organic Theory
25
What term do geographers use to refer to place names?
Acculturation
Toponyms
Assimilation
Symbols
26
An example of a weight reducing industry would be
Sailboats
Furniture
Copper
Automobiles
27
World Systems Theory- Core countries dominate the world today due to past
urbanization
military power
colonization
industrialization
28
all of the following are reasons govts. would make policies to restrict immigration EXCEPT
they don't want immigrants to take already limited jobs
they perceive immigrants as a threat to culture
immigrants may force countries to experience brain drain
they fear immigrants will bring new diseases
29
Based on the theory of distance decay, a resident of London is MOST likely to migrate to ...
Shanghai, China
Johannesburg, South Africa
Paris, France
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
30
What trend in today's global industrial distribution does the political cartoon depict?
Outsourcing/offshoring of US factories & jobs to China/India
return of Chinese & Indian factories back to their countries
Chinese & Indian migrant workers returning home to new jobs
Trade laws banning India & China from investing in the US
31
Which info would be useful in determining which stage a country would be in on the DTM?
GDP per capita
literacy rate
total fertility rate
infant mortality rate
32
Which industry locates close to the market to minimize transportation cost of heavy products
tertiary industries
primary industries
weight gaining industries
weight reducing industries
33
It is agreed that the current trend in voluntary migration is caused by
educational opportunities available on the internet
increasing economic opportunities in urban areas
chain migration over international borders
political instability in the neighboring countries
34
Which stage of the DTM features a high birth rate, high death rate, and low pop. growth?
Stage IV
Stage II
Stage I
Stage III
35
Which is true of Rostow's take-off model of economic growth?
Countries in Stage 5 experience deindustrialization
Globalization will slow down growth of developing countries
Foreign investment is required for growth in Stage 2
External demand for raw material drives growth in Stage 4
36
Which of the following explains why as countries develop, fewer work in this economic sector
primary, because technology makes these jobs more efficient
tertiary, the need for services is greater in poor countries
primary, country's resources being used up as it develops
secondary, developed countries send manufacturing overseas
37
Which of these has contributed the most to Mexico's development over the past 20 years?
NAFTA and maquiladoras
increase in American and international tourism
rise in the price of petroleum and gold
increase in maize and other vegetable exports
38
Last 20 yrs, many industries have moved to the southern US. All of these are factors EXCEPT
Development of new ports
Government incentives
Lower wage structure
Southern states are 'right to work'
39
Friction of distance can serve as a centrifugal force. To combat this, a govt. would fund ...
a educational campaign to address uneven development
new street signs in multiple languages
a high speed railway
a non-governmental org to address religious differences
40
Which theorist believed that pandemics are a good thing because they limit pop. growth?
Thomas Malthus
Karl Marx
Von Thunen
Esther Boserup
41
Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of ethnicity?
group of people with common language
people with common cultural/nationalistic traditions
feeling of nationalism within a group of people
biological characteristics of a group of people
42
Which of the following is an underlying assumption of the Von Thunen Model of rural land use?
Farmers act under a profit-driven mindset
Arid climates dominated the outer rings
The city was completely surrounded by water
The soil quality changed for each ring
43
According to Weber's model of industrial location, a steel mill would be typically located
next to a shipping port
next to raw materials
next to an airport
in a city
44
Edge cities typically grow on the border of large urban centers at points near what factor?
electrical and nuclear power plants
schools and universities
major roads and airports
sports and recreation centers
45
Ethnic religions tend to be found near their hearth. Which religion is NOT typical of this?
Buddhism
Hinduism
Judaism
Shintoism
46
Which is an example of hierarchical diffusion?
Influenza spreading throughout South America
The spread of ideas on the world wide web
Buddhist ideology spreading through the Indian subcontinent
Hip-hop spreading from inner cities to suburbs in the US
47
As textile manufacturers look to reduce costs, why would they be located in LDCs
factory located in an area with inexpensive labor cost
factory located near large market areas
factory close to raw materials
factory located in areas with cheap transportation routes
48
Some believe a 5th phase should be added to DTM to reflect -
impact of emigration on declining populations in LDCs
declining population in some developed countries
impact of immigration on growth of MDCs
rapid growth of some countries in Africa and South Asia
49
Who developed Central Place Theory?
Walt Rostow
Walter Christaller
August Losch
Ernest Burgess
50
What happens in Stage 2 of the DTM?
total population growth stabilizes
CDR drops significantly, as crude birth rate lags
CBR drops significantly, as crude death rate lags
CBR fand CDR change proportionally
51
The hearth of the Industrial Revolution was
China
Northern England & Southern Scotland
India
United States
52
Which of the following microloans would be most beneficial to women in the long-term?
loan to help a toy factory in Vietnam meet health standards
loan to build a k-12 school for girls in rural Pakistan
loan to help start a rice farm in China that employs women
loan to help a textile factory in Bangladesh expand
53
To participate in international trade, a country must id the assets it can provide. This is
Least cost Theory
Supranationalism
Commodification
Comparative advantage
54
The process in which wealthy people move into formerly poor neighborhoods is what process?
White flight
Block busting
Gentrification
Urbanization
55
According to classic bid-rent curve, what happens to land value as it gets closer to the city?
land gets more affordable in the outer rings
land gets more affordable along busy streets
land gets more expensive closer to the city
land gets used extensively for transportation services
56
Which statement is the MOST accurate when describing universalizing religions?
They are practiced in many regions of the world
They appeal to one specific group of people
They are located in one specific place
They have been practiced throughout human history
57
Form of govt which exists when states have division of varying degrees of local control is
Unitary
Authoritarianism
Republic
Federalism
58
One of the most important foundations a country needs is infrastructure. Which is NOT an ex.
Education systems
Electric power grids
water and sewer systems
churches and religious institutions
59
most noticeable geographic trend in the last 30 yrs regarding the world's most populated cities
most of top 20 cities are in MDCs
Most of the top 20 cities are in Africa
Most of the top 20 cities are in LDCs
larger percentage of top 20 cities are in Europe
60
Which order follows the Concentric Zone Model pattern from inner ring to the outer ring?
CBD,zone of transition,working class, middle class,commuters
Mixed residential, middle class, CBD, commuters
CBD, Working Class, Mixed Use, Commuters
CBD, Mixed Use, New Development, suburban CBD
61
Permanent members of the United Nation's Security Council include all of the following EXCEPT
United Kingdom
Japan
Russia
China
62
US immigration policy gives priority to immigrants w/ US family. That promotes
chain migration
step migration
internal migration
transnational migration
63
What are the laws enacted to combat suburban sprawl called?
Community Reinvestment Act
Smart growth
Zoning ordinances
Urban renewal
64
Drawing of internal political districts to benefit a political party
Stacked voting
Gerrymandering
Blockbusting
Redlining
65
Which of the following in NOT a likely government response to an aging population?
decreasing taxes on the workforce
increasing taxes to pay for pensions
raising the retirement age
providing jobs for people over 65 to get work