What is an arrhythmia?

An abnormal heart rate or rhythm

Which of the following terms best describes cats presenting with sneezing, a runny nose, cough, similar to a “cold”

Feline Upper Respiratory Infection

If an anxious and stressed patient presents struggling to breathe, what are some considerations?

Place in oxygen cage and allow them calm down before diagnostics

Sinus arrhythmia occurs when the

Heart and pulse rates increase w/ inspiration and decrease w/ experation

The term nystagmus refers to

The eyes moving in a horizontal or vertical motion

Where are the adrenal glands located?

dorsally and cranially to the kidneys

Addisons Disease is best described as:

Decreased production of both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids

Upon your physical exam you find the patient has grey mucous membranes. What does this mean?

There is inadequate oxygenation, and the patient is in a critical state.

Which statement concerning status epilepticus is most accurate?

It is a life-threatening medical emergency.

What is one advantage of using ophthalmic ointment rather than ophthalmic drops?

Ointments last longer and therefor the client has to treat the animal less

Increased pressure in the anterior chamber of the eye

What is the disease commonly known as “cherry eye”?

prolapse of the nictitans gland

What is a possible outcome when a cat has FIV?

Immune suppression and secondary infections

If a dog has mitral valve dysplasia, the blood in the atrium….

Goes to the left ventricle and regurgitates back to the left atrium

studbud

VT121 Final

119 termsStudBud Administration18 plays

Imported from external platform

Flashcards119 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 119

Answers

1
Which of the following is a method to diagnose FIV?
Fecal analysis
Ultrasound
SNAP test in hospital
Urinalysis
2
What is an arrhythmia?
An abnormal heart rate or rhythm
A leaky valve
Enlargement of the heart
A “shhhh” sound
3
Which of the following terms best describes cats presenting with sneezing, a runny nose, cough, similar to a “cold”
Infectious Tracheobronchitis
Feline Upper Respiratory Infection
Coccidioidomycosis
Pneumonia
4
What drug is used intravenously to treat status epilepticus?
Primidone
Diazepam
Phenytoin
Phenobarbital
5
Right- sided heart failure can often result in:
movement of fluid from capillaries to alveoli
Abdominal ascites
decreased blood flow to kidneys
pulmonary edema
6
What kind of organism is Malassezia pachydermatis?
Virus
Bacteria
Parasite
Yeast
7
If an anxious and stressed patient presents struggling to breathe, what are some considerations?
Getting a temperature is the top priority
Place in oxygen cage and allow them calm down before diagnostics
Get radiographs ASAP to figure out how to treat
Extra firm restraint is needed
8
Blepharospasm is a spasm or twitching of the
Prepuce
Facial nerve
Thigh
Eyelids
9
Sinus arrhythmia occurs when the
Heart and pulse rates decrease w/ inspiration and expiration
Heart and pulse rates increase w/ inspiration and expiration
Heart and pulse rates decrease w/ inspiration and increase w/ expiration
Heart and pulse rates increase w/ inspiration and decrease w/ experation
10
To reduce intracranial pressure that results from trauma, ___ may be administered every 4 to 8 hours.
Atropine
Diazepam
Solu-Delta
Mannitol
11
The term nystagmus refers to
Marked edema of the eyes
The eyes moving in a horizontal or vertical motion
Abnormal protrusion of the eye
The eyes being off center
12
Loss of nerve supply to a muscle results in
Denervation hypertrophy
Denervation atrophy
Disuse hypoplasia
Disuse hypertrophy
13
The first sign of mitral valve dysplasia would be
Vomiting
A heart murmur heard
Inability to eat
Fever
14
How are brain tumors diagnosed?
Ultrasound
Radiographs
MRI
Bloodwork
15
Where are the adrenal glands located?
caudal aspect of the stomach
dorsally and cranially to the kidneys
tucked under the pancrease
base of the neck
16
What breeds are prone to intervertebral disc disease?
Chondrodystrophic dogs
Sight hounds
Toy breeds
Herding breeds
17
Addisons Disease is best described as:
Increased production of both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids
Decreased production of both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids
Decreased levels of cortisol
Excessive levels of cortisol
18
Upon your physical exam you find the patient has grey mucous membranes. What does this mean?
There is inadequate oxygenation, and the patient is in a critical state.
The patient has necrosis of the gum tissue.
The patient is well oxygenated.
The tissue is ischemic and will soon slough off.
19
The disease caused by a lack of insulin or the body’s inability to use insulin is
Diabetes insipidus
Diabetes mellitus
Cushings disease
Addisons disease
20
Which of the following is considered a potential vector for Lyme disease (borreliosis), which can cause severe illness
Louse
Mite
Tick
Flea
21
How are Rickettsial diseases transmitted?
Environmentally
Across the placenta
Direct contact
Ticks
22
Feline panleukopenia is related to what canine virus?
Adenovirus
Parainfluenza virus
Parvovirus
Distemper Virus
23
Hypoadrenocorticism is also referred to as:
Addison’s disease
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Cushing’s Disease
24
Epiphora refers to
Excessive urination
Excessive defecation
Excessive salivation
Excessive tear flow
25
Which is an inherited result of normal aging of the eye?
Ophthalmia neonatorum
Cataract
Dermoid cyst
Nuclear sclerosis
26
Bleeding from the nose is best defined as:
epistaxis
brachycephalic syndrome
sinusitis
myeloma
27
The abbreviation ACTH stands for
Acidic colorotropic hormone
Anterior control trophic hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Adrenocontrol trophic hormone
28
What test measures the electrical activity of the heart?
Cardiopet proBNP
CRT
Blood pressure
ECG
29
Which statement concerning status epilepticus is most accurate?
It occurs in geriatric animals only
It will resolve spontaneously.
It is a life-threatening medical emergency.
It is treated by administering acepromazine.
30
What is the term for an inflammation of the brain and spinal cord?
Encephalomyelitis
Hydrocephalus
Encephalitis
Epilepsy
31
What is one advantage of using ophthalmic ointment rather than ophthalmic drops?
Ointments make the animals vision blurry, making it rest more while it sick
Ointments last longer and therefor the client has to treat the animal less
Ointments always contain glucocorticoids to reduce inflammation.
You can get more doses from a tube of ointment
32
Glaucoma is
Increased pressure in the anterior chamber of the eye
Increased pressure in the posterior chamber of the eye
Decreased pressure in the posterior chamber of the eye
Decreased pressure in the anterior chamber of the eye
33
If a patients in respiratory distress, during radiographs, what position would a doctor ask to put the patient? Not VD
DV
VD
left lateral
right lateral
34
The diuretic drug used most commonly in patients with congestive heart failure is
Furosemide
Spironolactone
Chlorothiazide
Mannitol
35
What tissue is the preferred tissue to be submitted for rabies diagnosis?
Heart
Lung
Brain
Lymph node
36
Which organ aids in the regulation of the concentration of glucose in circulation?
liver
kidneys
pancreas
gall bladder
37
What is the disease commonly known as “cherry eye”?
prolapse of the lacrimal gland
prolapse of the nictitans gland
prolapse of the conjunctiva
prolapse of the meibomian gland
38
Which species is hyperthyroidism most commonly seen in?
ferrets
cattle
dogs
cats
39
Which mineral is typically restricted in cardiac diets?
Calcium
Potassium
Magnesium
Sodium
40
What is the term for an inflammation of the brain and spinal cord?
Encephalomyelitis
Epilepsy
Central Nervous Disorder
Hydrocephalus
41
The condition that is described as a weakness or paralysis of one side of the body is
Hemiparesis
Paralysis
Diplegia
Quadriplegia
42
What paired organ is located near the cranial pole of the kidneys?
Thyroid
Pituitary
Adrenals
Parathyroid
43
A pulse deficit is when the pulse is
Totally absent, including the heartbeat
Lagging behind the heartbeat
Covering up the heartbeat, making it difficult to hear
In complete alignment with the heartbeat
44
What is a possible outcome when a cat has FIV?
Seizures
Acute kidney injury
Immune suppression and secondary infections
Congestive heart failure
45
If a dog has mitral valve dysplasia, the blood in the atrium….
Goes to the right atrium
Goes to the left ventricle and regurgitates back to the left atrium
Goes straight to the aorta
Goes to the lungs
46
Which of the following is performed with an otoscope and cone to look for foxtails or nasal masses or with a rigid scope
laryngoscopy
computed tomograpgy
rhinoscopy
bronchoalveolar Lavage
47
Feline infectious peritonitis is caused by a
Fungus
Virus
Bacterium
Rickettsia
48
An eyelid that is turning outward is described as an
Epistaxis
Ectopic
Ectropion
Ecchymosis
49
What term is applied to inflammation of the covering layers of the spinal cord?
Encephalitis
Myelitis
Encephalomyelitis
Meningitis
50
FIP is a mutated form of which virus?
Feline coronavirus
FeLV
FIV
Feline herpesvirus
51
What is the likely outcome for a cat infected with FeLV?
Neurologic signs
Hyperthyroidism
Lymphoma or leukemia
Diabetes
52
Which of the following breeds is most susceptible to entropion?
Greyhound
Chihuahua
Pit bull
St. Bernard
53
Parvovirus causes what disease in cats?
Rhinotracheitis
Panleukopenia
Infectious peritonitis
Infectious anemia
54
Select the term that best defines complete loss of neurologic function on the caudal half of the body
ataxia
epidural
head signs
paraplegia
55
An insulinoma is best described as:
Secrete proinsulin, which results in the development of hyperglycemia.
Secrete proinsulin, which results in the development of hypoglycemia.
Decreased production of both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.
Increased production of both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids
56
The term nystagmus refers to
Abnormal protrusion of the eye
The eyes moving in a horizontal or vertical motion
Marked edema of the eyes
The eyes being off center
57
A dog exposed to _____ is a patient that should be considered for a Borrelia burgdorferi vaccination.
Ticks
Fleas
Mosquitos
Lice
58
A cat is exhibiting anisocoria. What is occurring?
The cat is scratching
The cat is not eating
The cat is lame
The cat’s pupils are different sizes
59
Arrhythmias that originate from below the AV node are classified as
Supraventricular arrhythmias
Tachyarrhythmias
Bradyarrhythmias
Ventricular arrhythmias
60
Left sided heart failure could result in
A murmur
Fluid in lungs
Ascites in abdomen
Sciatic nerve damage
61
When should a thoracic radiograph be taken?
at peak expiration
it does not matter when the image is taken
at peak inspiration
whenever the animal allows
62
When a puppy has a PDA, what is the underlying problem?
The puppy has an arrhythmia
The fetal vessel to bypass the lungs does not close properly.
A fibrous band encircles the esophagus
There is a hole in the wall between the ventricles
63
An imbalance of what minerals can affect nerve function?
Iron and zinc
Manganese and chromium
Sodium and potassium
Phosphorus and magnesium
64
How long should a patient be treated for Cushing’s Disease?
life long
1 week to 2 months
3 years
6 months
65
The purpose of the fluorescein dye test is to
Measure the pressure in the eye
Clear the nasolacrimal ducts
Evaluate tear production ability
Evaluate for corneal abrasions/ulcerations
66
What intermediate host infects dogs and cats with heartworm disease?
Mice
Fleas
Ticks
Mosquitos
67
The breed of dog frequently affected by entropion is the
Samoyed
Basset hound
Saint Bernard
Shar-Pei
68
When a patient has pleural effusion, the fluid is located in this space around the lungs,how does this affect the animal
prevents the lungs from fully expanding
causes them to aspirate fluid
places pressure on the diaphragm
does not allow electrical currents to conduct in the heart
69
Pneumothroax is described as:
air in the pleural space
blood in the pleural space
water in the pleural space
lymph in the pleural space
70
How is pneumonia usually diagnosed?
thoracocentesis
thoracic radiographs
wheezes upon auscultation
ultrasound
71
What is important to communicate to owners regarding toxoplasmosis?
Infected cats shed oocytes repeatedly over long durations
It’s a zoonotic disease
Pregnant and immune suppressed people cannot have cats
Raw food is natural and beneficial to cats
72
Which group of ophthalmic drugs causes pupillary dilation, allowing examination of the retina?
osmotic drugs
mydriatic drugs
miotic drugs
topical anesthetics
73
Which of the following is a sampling method consisting of sterile water is injected through the bronchoscope into lungs
rhinoscopy
bronchoalveolar lavage
thoracocentesis
computed tomography
74
Cushings Disease is best described as:
Excessive levels of cortisol
Decreased levels of cortisol
Increased production of both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids
Decreased production of both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids
75
Which of the following is a feature of a cluster seizure?
The seizudres continue for more than 5 or 10 minutes
Seizudre activity is numerous throughout the day
The patient acts like they can see something that isn’t there (star gazing)
Their head bobs but the rest of their body is calm
76
Which condition would be typical of hypothyroidism?
Oily hair coat
Very active
Gaining weight
Decreased water consumption
77
What should be done to obtain a high quality thoracic film?
sedate the patient and take the film on inspiration
tape the patient to the table
speak in calming tones to keep the animal docile
hold the patient down and quickly remove your hands from the primary beam
78
What clinical signs does degenerative myelopathy cause?
Intermittent twitching episodes
Weakness and paralysis in the back legs
Tilting and falling in one direction
High stepping and hyperesthesia
79
Chronic administration of high doses of glucocorticoids can cause iatrogenic
Johnes disease
Addisons disease
Cushings disease
Renal failure
80
The suffix that means “paralysis” is
-liasis
-phagia
-plegia
-lysis
81
Disease process in dogs that manifests as a dry, honking cough and that is transmitted dog to dog through respiratory is
Canine coronavirus
Canine distemper virus
Canine parvovirus
Bordetella bronchiseptica
82
An ultrasound of the heart is called:
EEG
Endoscopy
Echocardiogram
Electrocardiogram
83
If a patient has hypercapnia, which value is elevated?
Cl
Ca
K
CO2
84
Define syncope
the communication junction between two neurons
part of the autonomic nervous system with “rest and digest” function
fainting; loss of consciousness due to cerebral anemia/hypotension
group of symptoms due to spontaneous electrical activity of the brain
85
Which species is hypothyroidism most commonly seen in?
ferrets
dogs
cattle
cats
86
What is the tissue of origin for an insulinoma?
mesenteric tissue
adrenal gland
kidney
pancreases
87
A dog that was exposed to distemper perinatally may develop which of the following oral pathologic conditions?
Enamel staining
Enamel hypoplasia
Polydontia
Adontia
88
What kind of organism is Otodectes cynotis?
Bacteria
Virus
Parasite
Yeast
89
Hyperadrenocorticism is also referred to as:
Addison’s disease
Cushing’s Disease
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
90
What is the name of the test that checks for tear production?
ophthalmoscopy
fluorescein dye
Schirmer
tonometry
91
Proptosis of the globe
Is commonly a consequence of conjunctivitis
Can be caused by overzealous restraint of the animal
Is not considered an emergency
Can most easily occur in dolicocephalic breeds, such as collies
92
Sub-aortic stenosis will eventually lead to
Kidney disease
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Dilated esophagus
Left ventricular hypertrophy
93
When a puppy is born with PRAA, which anatomical part is compromised by the fibrous band?
Lungs
Esophagus
Trachea
Left ventricle
94
When performing a physical exam on a pet who is brought in for dyspnea, what should you do first?
auscultate the heart
visually observe the animal’s breathing
temperature
listen to all lung fields
95
What vaccine is used to vaccinate people against rabies?
Human diploid cell vaccine
Bacterin from monkeys
Modified-live canine virus
Killed chimpanzee virus
96
What is a collection of blood within the pinna, between the cartilage plate and surface of the ear?
Aural hematoma
Otitis externa
Pinnal hematoma
Aural seroma
97
Hair loss, decreased appetite, listlessness, intolerance to cold, and reproductive failure are all signs of
hypothyroidism
hyperthyroidism
diabetes mellitus.
Addison’s disease.
98
The rabies virus introduced by a bite from an infected animal travels from the bite area to the brain via
Peripheral nerves
Tissue diffusion
Venous blood
Lymph vessels
99
The abbreviations VPC or PVC refer to what condition?
A congenital heart defects
An arrhythmia where the ventricles contract prematurely
When the ventricles are dilated
A type of cardiomyopathy
100
What clinical sign is associated with hyperthyroidism?
Loss of weight with a normal or increased appetite
Decreased tolerance of cold
Lethargy
Decreased metabolic rate
101
Which of the following is not a cause of Hypoparathyroidism?
Parathyroid-related disease
Chronic liver failure
Acute pancreatitis
Chronic renal failure
102
How is canine distemper virus prevented?
Bleach food bowls daily
Provide only bottled water
Monthly heartworm prevention
Vaccinate puppies at appropriate intervals
103
In what situation is it an emergency for a client to bring their seizing patient to the hospital ASAP?
A gran mal seizure that lasts more than 5 minutes
Animal has a history of seizures and is already being managed by their DVM
A dog twitching in their sleep
A 30 second petit mal seizure
104
Proparacaine and tetracaine are examples of
mydriatic drugs.
topical anesthetics
osmotic drugs.
miotic drugs
105
What are clinical signs of a parvovirus infection?
Neurologic signs
Dermatologic changes
Coughing
Vomiting and diarrhea
106
How is tick paralysis treated?
Anticonvulsants
Antibiotics
Deworming medication
Remove the tick
107
What respiratory disease of cats causes ulcerative stomatitis?
Rhinotracheitis
Distemper
Pneumonitis
Calicivirus infection
108
What is the name of the control mechanism in which a low or high level of a product stimulates a low or high production
Signaling cascade
Electron gated channels
Thermoregulation
Feedback loop
109
Where do adult heart worms lodge in a dog’s heart?
In the mitral valve
In the left ventricle
In the vena cave and right side of the heart
In the aorta
110
What is a met check referring to?
chylothorax
inflammatory evaluation
Congestive Heart Failure
looking for pulmonary neoplasia (cancer)
111
What does the Tidal Volume (TV) refer to?
The average amount of urine when voiding
The average blood volume for a patient
The volume of air inspired/expired during normal respiration
The volume of blood that fills the ventricles
112
Which of the following terms best describes inflammation in the lungs and bronchi?
Coccidioidomycosis
Infectious Tracheobronchitis
Feline Upper Respiratory Infection
Pneumonia
113
Knuckling is
A neurologic abnormality seen in Wobbler’s syndrome usually in Doberman
A normal phenomenon in some breeds of dogs and cats
An abnormality of the respiratory system
A swelling usually observed on the carpus or tarsus
114
Which clinical sign below is not a sign of heart problems:
Fever
Coughing
Bloated abdomen
Fatigue
115
Ischemia occurs when a tissue lacks
Cells
Blood flow
Heat
Firmness
116
What does a tonometer measure?
Intraocular pressure
Arterial blood flow
Venous pressure
Speed of capillary refill
117
Which of the following is true about Coccidioidomycosis?
Also called “Valley Fever” occurs in the Southwest, USA
Found in warm humid areas of the Southeast, USA.
Found worldwide, mainly infects cats, concentrated in bird droppings.
This fungus lives in the soil of warm, humid areas. Found on bat feces
118
Which of the following diseases are transmitted by mosquitos?
Rabies and FIV
Tetanus and Brucellosis
WNV, EEE and WEE
Lyme Disease and Anaplasmosis
119
Hemothroax is described as:
air in the pleural space
blood in the pleural space
lymph in the pleural space
water in the pleural space

VT121 Final Flashcards | StudBud