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Board Review Community Dentistry Flashcards | StudBud
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Board Review Community Dentistry
Board Review Community Dentistry
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1
In the scales of measurement the normal scale does what
organizes data into mutually exclusive categories, no rank order
organized data into mutually exclusive categories with rank order
Has equal distance between units of measurement, no absolute zero point
difference in rank order is not equal in value
2
What is it called when there is consistent performance by the same investigator when using data
Intra examiner reliability
Prevalence
inter examiner reliability
Calibration
3
In the Periodontal Indices which one uses a clinical exam, each tooth scored based on condition of surrounding tissue
CPITN, Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs
PSI, Periodontal Screening and Recording
PDI, Periodontal Disease Index
PI, Periodontal Index
4
Whitch research design, fits the following definition-uses medical records, looks for possible cause of disease
Retrospective
Historical
Descriptive
Longitudinal
5
In the levels of research which one uses secondary, pre-appraised or filtered studies
Randomized controlled trial, prospective tests & treatment
Animal and laboratory studies
Meta analysis, systematic review
Cohort studies, group is observed for outcome
6
In dental indices, the presence or absence of condition is which index
reversible index
irreversible indes
cumulative index
simple index
7
Why do we use Sampling techniques for research?
convenience and efficiency
there is a statistical significant outcome between behavior and results
a sample is a representative subset of a population
8
What is a non-modifiable attribute ex. age, gender, race called
Risk marker
Risk factor
Risk indicator
9
Optimal fluoride level in drinking water is...
1.5
0.9
2.0
0.7
10
Negative correlation is an inverse relationship between 2 variables. As X increases, Y increases
False
True
11
Characteristics of Qualitative Data are
shows the quality or nature of variables, can be ranked by numbers
may have continuous variables and discreet variables
both b and c
may have categorical variables and dichotomous variable
represented by numbers
both c and d
12
A Null hypothesis is stated as a negative outcome, if research finds a significant difference
True
False
13
What is it called when you have consistent performance by different investigators, when using the same data
Prevalence
Calibration
Intra examiner reliability
Inter examiner reliability
14
The term for development of a new case of a disease over a period of time is?
Incidence
Disease rate
Prevalence
mortality
15
Correlation Co-efficient Value (r-value) does what
a, b, c
shows the relationship between 2 variables
none of the above
the closer r is to 1 the stronger the relationship
a & b
ranges from -1 to +1
16
In the planning phase of the care plan what order are you working with
develop measurable objectives/ develop the goal of the plan
identify the needs of the population on your assessment of the population
develop the goal of the plan/ develop measurable objectives
17
Inferential statistics can generalize from a sample to a larger group of subjects
False
True
18
Maslow Hierarchy of Needs states...
We must meet the lower level need before the higher need can be met
We need input that feeds each of the needs
We need to develop a blueprint of the needs.
We need to assess how well do in meeting the needs
19
The goal of this preventive program is to delay the onset of disease, or arrest it...
none of the above
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
a, b, and c
Primary prevention
20
This definition applies to which term - How many new cases are seen in a population?
Incidence rate
Prevalence rate
Mortality Rate
Recurrence rate
21
The Theory of Stages of Learning in order are
physical, physiological, involvement, awareness , habit, action
Habit, involvement, physiological needs, safety needs . action
unawareness, self-interest, self-actualization, action, habit
unawareness, awareness, self-interest, involvement, action, habit
22
Measures of central tendency include what
all of the above
Mean-average
Mode-value that occurs most ofter
Median-midpoint of the data
23
Which research design fits this definition- has clinical trials, investigates cause and effect, can manipulate variables
Longitudinal
Historical
Descriptive
Experimental
24
The definition of a formative evaluation in the dental care process is
evaluation of the program after implementation
internal evaluation of the program during planning
evaluation of the program whether objectives were met
25
In the gingivitis indices which is true of the GI index
are reversible, use a probe, used to detect early symptoms of gingivitis
they are reversible, they use unwaxed floss, they check for bleeding
they are reversible, they use a probe, they check for bleeding
they are reversible, they use a probe, based on severity of inflammation
26
In the Dental Hygiene care plan how well did we do or the quality of the program is
Quantitative evaluation
Formative evaluation
Summative evaluation
Qualitative evaluation
27
The range of variation in a group of data is
neither a & b
most common and useful measure of dispersion
both a & b
square root of the variance
28
In the scales of measurement the skewed distribution's scale characteristics include...
none of the above
caused by a few extreme scores or using small samples
distribution of scores is asymmetrical, curve is distorted
all of the above
can be identified by comparing mean and median
a &b
29
In the levels of research which one uses observational studies
Ramdomized controlled trial, Analysis
Case report, case series
Cohort studies, Case control studies
Narrative reviews, expert opinions
30
Research sample that is selected by personal judgment of who would be typical of the group is
Remdom
Convenience
Judgmental
Systematic
31
In the planning phase of the care program what is the goal
develop a blueprint of a plan
identify and prioritize the needs of the target population
assess the needs of the target population
32
What is the name of the Dental Fluorosis Index
Stage 1/2/3
CAMBRA
DMFT
Dean's
33
Which sample type fits this definition- Select every "nth" subject to participate
Judgmental
Convenience
Systematic
Stratified
34
Which index does this definition apply to - a method of identifying the cause of disease by assessing the risk factors
deft
CAMBRA
DMFT/DMFS
RCI
35
Probability value (p-value) includes all of the following except
used to test hypothesis
the findings of the study ae due to chance
standard of acceptability is a p-value of less than or equal to 0.05
does the test really measure what it claims to be measuring
36
The implements used in a complete dental examination are
mouth mirror, explorer, illumination
tongue depressor, illumination
mouth mirror, explorer, illumination, thorough x-rays, study models
mouth mirror, explorer, immunization, posterior bite-wings, selected PA's
37
Normal distribution (Gaussian Distribution) of statistics is a bell shaped curve when mean, median and mode are equal
True
False
38
The Maslow Hierarchy of Needs in order states...
Needs: love, safety, self-actualization, self esteem, physiological
Needs: safety, love, physiological, self- esteem, self -actualization
Needs: physiological, safety, love, self-esteem, self-actualization
Needs: love, self-esteem, physiological, safety, self actualization
39
In dental indices the index which records all past and present evidence of a condition is
simple index
cumulative index
irreversible index
reversible index
40
What is a low but constant presence of disease in a geographic region
endemic
incidence
pandemic
epidemic
41
Why would you use the Ramfjord Teeth in community indices
These are the teeth that decay most often
These teeth are easy to see when you have limited illumination
These teeth make it quicker to do the index
These teeth show all past and present evidence of a condition
42
A Research hypothesis is an educated guess and positive outcome
False
True
43
There are 4 types of Dental exams, which one is most common in Community Health.
Type 1 Complete exam
Type 4 Screening
Type 3 Inspection
Type 2 Limited exam
44
What is an epidemic where the disease may cross international borders
incidence
endemic
epidemic
pandemic
45
Which index is reversible, uses a wooden interdental cleaner, assess papillary bleeding, indicates inflammation
Gingival Index
Eastman Interdental Bleeding Index
Sulcular Bleeding Index
Gingival Bleeding Index
46
In the Periodontal Indices which was developed by WHO, determines perio. needs rather than perio. status, special probe
PI
PSR
CPTIN
PDI
47
The goal of this prevention program is to replace lost tissues
Secondary prevention
none of the above
Primary prevention
Tertiary prevention
all of the above
48
Which research design fits the following definition-reviews the ethical implications of a research study
Pilot study
Experimental
Institutional Review
Quasi-experimental
49
The term for the number of all existing cases of disease in a given point is?
Mortality
Prevalence
Morbidity
Disease rate
50
List the Dental Hygiene process of care in order
diagnose, plan, assess, implement, evaluate, document
Assess. diagnose, plan, implement, evaluate, document
plan, assess, diagnose, implement, evaluate, document
51
Fluorosis can occur when fluoride is above_____ and mild fluorosis as low as ____
2.3/2.1
2.0/1.5
1.7/1.2
2.1/0.9
52
The goal of this preventive program is to treat the disease or restore tissues...
none of the above
all of the above
Secondary Prevention
Primary prevention
Tertiary Prevention
53
In dental indices which teeth are the Ramfjord Teeth
3,9,12,19,25,28
2,10.13.19.24.29
3,10,19,24,30
3,14,19,30
