What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?

They are being fully "checked out" for any problems

If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably

moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date

All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?

a debate between the two leading candidates

Interest groups and political parties differ in that

political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected

What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?

they need access to government officials

The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?

the part that said you can't fund your own campaign

All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT

the whole process takes one day

What is the point of a trial balloon?

to see public reaction before making a public announcement

What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?

They have less trust in the governmnt

All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT

required candidtes to take public funds

How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?

They are longer, more exspensive and more common

What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political party orgs today?

information management and mobilization

What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?

physical attractiveness could impact electoral success

What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?

policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting

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AP Government Final Exam 2nd pd. Review

143 termsStudBud Administration89 plays

A review for AP Government students preparing for the exam. #apgovernment

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Questions 143

Answers

1
The idea that you don't need to outspend your opponent, but you need to get your message out is
the doctrine of sufficiency
the doctrine of efficiency
the doctrine of campaign finance
the doctrine of currency
2
This law banned literacy tests & allowed federal oversight of election activities in the South
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1968
The 24th amendment
3
What portion of the 14th amendment is the basis for civil rights protections in the US?
the free exercise clause
the equal protection clause
elastic clause
the due process clause
4
A trial balloon is usually preceded by a
leak
scandal
beat
interview
5
What type of polls are candidates LEAST likely to use?
exit poLling
push polls
voter perception
key word / phrasing polls
6
Controlling for education and wealth, who is more likely to vote?
black Americans
white Americans
7
Voters registered as independents are positively correlated with what behavior?
fundraising
protesting
voting
ticket-splitting
8
This 1857 case ruled that blacks were not citizens and slaves were property.
Griswold v. Connecticut
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Reynolds v. United States
9
What is the primary reason third parties do not succeed longterm?
voter apathy
state requirementa to get on the ballpt
campaign funding laws
the winner take all system
10
This case ruled the gov't. can't use evidence gained as a result of an illegal search:
NAACP v. Alabama
Gregg v. Georgia
Miranda v. Arizona
Mapp v. Ohio
11
What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?
They are being prepped for a debate
They are being nominated
They are being fully "checked out" for any problems
They are fiundraising
12
The significance of campaign strategy
is that it typically converts voters
is generally overstated
is that it sets the policy agenda
is often underestimated
13
If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably
making it easier to register to vote
giving free tv time to candidates
moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date
making it harder to get on the ballot
14
All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?
a debate between the two leading candidates
the writing of the party platform
a speech by the Vice Presidential nominee
candidate nomination
15
What court ruling banned simplistic formulas that advantaged minorities in college admissions?
Gratz v. Bollinger
Grutter v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
16
Interest groups and political parties differ in that
political parties are involved in electioneering
political parties offer selective benefits
political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected
Parties have legislative goals
17
All of the following are tasks of political parties EXCEPT
run polls on election day
articulate policies
pick candidates
coordinate campaigns
18
What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?
they are liberal biased towards government intervention
They might alienate viewers
They are inherently patriotic
they need access to government officials
19
Whst American president is credited with inventing campaigning & inspiring "loyal opposition"?
Andrew Jackson
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton
William McKinley
20
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
religion
sexual orientation
gender
wealth
21
What is a leading contributor to the superficial nature of modern media?
the prevalence of sound bites
24 hour news channels
consolidation of news outlets
Internet ads
22
What was the first form of mass media?
radio
telegraph
television
daily newspapers
23
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Oppose mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
Republican
Democrat
24
The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?
the part that banned hard money
the part that said you can't fund your own campaign
the part that said you must take public funding
the part that banned soft money
25
All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT
the whole process takes one day
they were a tool of party machines and bosses in the past
the most fanous ones are in Iowa
Only 12 states hold them
26
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
pay dues
attend meetings
think they are in it
register
27
What Republican attracted white southerners to the Republican party with his Southern Strategy?
Goldwater
H.W. Bush
Reagan
Nixon
28
What is the point of a trial balloon?
to launch a campaign
to see public reaction before making a public announcement
to see how high it will go without popping
to mend fences after a scandal
29
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Protect a woman's right to choose an abortion.
Republican
Democrat
30
What is a common outcome of lack of party cohesion?
runaway spending
rapid passage of laws
separation of powers
voter apathy
31
At the start of our republic, to vote you had to meet all the following criiteria EXCEPT
Christian
male
property owner
white
32
What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?
they have become more ideological
They have less trust in the governmnt
they have become more informed
They have voted more often
33
All of the following demographic trends in the U.S. are true EXCEPT:
the population is shifting to the south
The median age is getting higher.
Blacks outnumber hispanics
We will soon be a majority minority nation
34
How has TV coverage of conventions changed over time?
it is shorter
It is more in depth
It is nonexistent
It is longer
35
What aspect of campaigns gets the most media attention?
policy positions
fundraising
"horserace" coverage
the candidate's voting record
36
This amendment gave black males the right to vote
13th
12th
15th
14th
37
All of the following were intended to limit black voting EXCEPT
poll taxes
grandfather clauses
literacy tests
primaries
38
From the Civil War - 1960s the "Solid South" voted
Republican
Dixiecrat
Whig
Democratic
39
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Put a cap on malpractice lawsuits.
Republican
Democrat
40
Discrimination based on ________________ requires the "reasonable / lowest scrutiny" standard.
race
age
gender
religion
41
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support free trade and low tariffs.
conservative
liberal
42
All of the following are a types of third parties we have seen in US politics EXCEPT
revolutionary
popular person-based
splinter
issue / cause
43
All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT
limited contributions
a program to publicly fund campaigns was started
required reporting of income/spending
required candidtes to take public funds
44
What party, est. in the 1890s, failed to defeat the Republicans despite support from Democrats?
Know Nothings
Dixiecrats
Populists
Whigs
45
How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?
They are faster, cheaper, and less common
They are longer, more exspensive and more common
They are shorter but more expensive
They are longer but cheaper
46
What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political party orgs today?
information management and mobilization
converting voters
polling and policy positions
patronage
47
Who determines the method and timing of delegate selection?
the states
the Suoreme Court
the U.S. Congress
the voters through referendum
48
What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?
The Conservative Era was over
the effect of television on politics would be minimal
physical attractiveness could impact electoral success
politicians must take clear positions on issues
49
What type of primary do political parties like best?
blanket
open
closed
unicameral
50
What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?
it is nonexistent
it is contentious
Media outlets depend on policy entrpreneurs for ratings
policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting
51
What innovation in broadcasting led to the development of "narrowcasting"?
the internet
satellite tv
netflix
cable television
52
These were the first two political parties in the United States.
Democrats and Whigs
Know Nothings and Whigs
Republicans and Democrats
Federalists and Democratic Republicans
53
All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:
few people participate
the early states get too much attention
the early states are not representative of the US population
it caters to low information voters
54
What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?
US v. Nixon
McCain v. BCRA
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life
Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission
55
What group gained citizenship and could vote in 1924?
native americans
blacks
immigrants
migrant workers
56
A hierarchical organizational chart of a party with chairperson at top & candidates at bottom
iis a requirement in a democracy
iis accurate
may be ideal but isn't realistic
shows that party strength is on the rise
57
Is political socialization mostly formal or informal in the U.S.?
informal
formal
58
Which of the following is true of 527 groups?
they produce issue ads
they disclose the names of contributors
They coordinate closely with candidates
They are for profit taxable organizations
59
All of the following increase the likelihood of voting EXCEPT
being young
being wealthy
being educated
being female
60
What court ruling upheld using race as part of a holistic assessment in admissions decisions?
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Gratz v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
Grutter v. Bollinger
61
Empty question
62
All of the following are cases that upheld the death penalty EXCEPT
Gregg v. Georgia
Furman v. Georgia
Griswold v. Connecticut
McClesky v. Kemp
63
Which leadership model is related to a direct democracy?
instructed delegate
division of labor
trustee
politico
64
The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains
why we have polarization
why we don't have radical parties in the US
Why we have two parties
Why third parties tend to fail
65
This 1896 case ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional
Plessy v. Ferguson
Reynolds v. United States
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
66
Cesar Chavez led boycotts and demonstrations to get better protections for what group?
hispanics
asians
women
migrant workers
67
What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?
They are all interest groups
They are all agents of socialization
They are all potential groups
They are all informal
68
Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?
They do polling
They know the election laws in that state
They provide endorsements
They raise most of the money
69
How long do national party conventions typically last?
4 days
1 day
1 week
3 days
70
What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?
Fisher v.University of Texas
Texas v. Johnson
Snyder v. Phelps
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
71
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support / expansion of government programs.
liberal
conservative
72
This case ruled that women have a right to an abortion in the 1st trimester without restriction
Roe v. Wade
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Gideon v. Wainwright
Griswold v. Connecticut
73
What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?
to make delegate selection more democratic
to streamline platform writing
to regulate campaign finance
to eliminate caucuses in favor of primaries
74
Which of the following is an example of a beat?
newscast
press conference
politics
narrowcast
75
Third parties serve all of the following functions EXCEPT
motivate more people to vote
inject new issues into the policy agenda
safety valve for popular discontent
make elections less volatile
76
All of the following are purposes of national conventions now EXCEPT
to officially nominate a candidate
to debate policy openly
to energize the party faithful
to advertise the candidate
77
This case ruled that "undue burden" will be the lesser standard for abortion restrictions
Griswold v. Connecticut
Roe v. Wade
Gideon v. Wainwright
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
78
The Trial of Peter Zenger in colonial America established what new precedent?
all officials criticized have a right f rebuttal
editorials are held to a different standard
you can be punished if you criticize gov't leaders
you can criticize gov't officials if the info is true
79
What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?
They are avoiding media attention
they increase campaign spending
they are taking clear positions on issues
they participate in debates
80
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
81
In 1972, what constitutional amendment failed to be ratified?
Fuel Independence
The Equal Rights Amendment
Tutle IX
Gay Rights
82
All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?
states have them on different dates
they are more common than caucuses
there is a ballot
Voters physically meet and discuss candidates
83
What two multimillionaires dominated the press in the late 1800s, producing yellow journalism?
Cooper and Flanigan
Hearst and Pulitzer
Raymour and Flanigan
Smith and Wesson
84
Which party requires that primary / caucus results be used to assign delegates proportionally?
Democrats
Republicans
85
What type of communication is most likely to discuss a candidate's positions on the issues?
tv ads
interviews with media
the nightly news
a poll
86
Why does the "Responsible Party Model" work better in Europe than in the U.S.?
They have elections more often
They have more parties
Their parties are more organized
They have more party cohesion
87
What party did Abraham Lincoln found?
Know Nothing
Democrat
Whig
Republican
88
Which of the following is an example of unconventional political participation?
protest
petitioning
voting
running for office
89
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "medium scrutiny" standard.
gender
wealth
religion
race
90
What court case established the "hostile environment" standard for sexual harassment cases?
Reed v. Reed
Harris v. Forklift Systems
Employment Division v. Smith
Playboy Entertainment v. United States
91
Which of the following is true of Political Action Committees (PACS)?
their donors can remain anonymous
they tend to support incumbents
They coordinate closely with their candidate
There are limits to how much they can accept from any person
92
Media tends to be biased in all the following ways EXCEPT?
They focus on individuals
they tend to be liberal
They focus on odd/ unusual
they focus on issues
93
What court cased ruling established that arbitrary gender discrimination is unlawful?
Shaw v. Reno
Shaw v. Hunt
Reed v. Reed
Santa Clara v. Martinez
94
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 defined ___________________ as a form of discrimination.
exclusion
accommodation
disability
inaccessibility
95
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination based on all the following criteria EXCEPT
race
religion
age
gender
96
After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?
the press became more deferentail to the legislative power
the press became a "watchdog" on the government
the press became more protective of the president
the press became apathetic towards the government
97
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Increase taxes on the wealthy.
conservative
liberal
98
How were affirmative action programs brought to an end in California?
an executive order by the Governor
a court order
the state legislative baody banned it
an initiative was passed
99
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Privatize Social Security.
Republican
Democrat
100
This amendment ended slavery
14th
13th
12th
15th
101
What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?
How obsessed we are with presidential politics over local
how much people complain given how few vote
the success of our democracy given how little we know
That the people think we have a democracy when we do not
102
This court case established the "medium scrutiny" standard for gender-based classification
ERA v. Hunt
Schaffley v. Hoke
Craig v. Boren
Reed v. Reed
103
Conservative or liberal? Provide a "path to citizenship" for law-abiding illegal immigrants.
liberal
conservative
104
How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?
they allow reporters to "embed" with military units
all war reporters are members of the military
the military provides info to be vetted by the press
they put no restrictions on the press in war torn areas
105
What person or groups bears the most responsibility for funding and shaping a campaign?
the party
interest groups
the bureaucracy
the candidate
106
All of the following contribute to hyperdemocracy or officials "running scared" except
primaries
strong parties
the power of interest groups
short terms
107
What caused a steady increase in the cost of campaigns in the late 1950s and early 60s?
new state election laws
inflation
staffing requirements
television
108
What law requires employers to reasonable accommodate people with disabilities?
The Americans With Disabilities Act
The Handicapped Bill of Rights
The Disabled Freedom Act
The Disabled Accommodation Act
109
All of the following groups were part of the New Deal coalition EXCEPT
unions
the wealthy
white souitherners
blacks
110
What case ruling struck down anti-sodomy laws, granting gay people a right to privacy?
Smith v. Texas
Reece v. Texas
Texas v. Johnson
Lawrence v. Texas
111
Who was the 1st US President to control the press by controlling info and staying on message?
Clinton
Reagan
H,W. Bush
W. Bush
112
Who actually votes to nominate candidates at the national convention?
party leaders
electors
delegates
voters
113
The Supreme Court ruled NC had gone too far in using race as a factor in drawing districts in
harris v. Forklift Systems
Shaw v. Reno
Reed v. North Carolina
Craig v. Boren
114
What is the primary reason some states have more delegates than others at the convention?
they have a larger population
they raise the most money for the party
They more reliably vote for the party
they have the most registered party members
115
This case ruled the government must provide an attorney if a suspect cannot afford one
Mapp v. Ohio
Gideon v. Wainwright
NAACP v. Alabama
Miranda v. Arizona
116
Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?
to reward big fundraisers
to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power
to rank and file party members would have a voice
to ensure the best balloon drop at the convention
117
Over time, national party conventions have become less
attended
contentious
fun
predictable
118
What types of elections do states have that the federal government does NOT have?
general elections
primaries
policy elections
119
Conservative or liberal? Require photo ID to vote.
liberal
conservative
120
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Protect the life of the unborn.
liberal
conservative
121
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
gender
sexual orientation
age
race
122
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
19th
20th
17th
18th
123
All of the following tend to happen as you age EXCEPT
You vote for Democrats
you attend to the news
you vote more
you get more conservative
124
This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
125
For what is Betty Freidan famous?
Being the lead lawyer in Roe v. Wade
founding the National Organization for Women
writing The Feminine Mystique
Starting Ms. Magazine
126
How did local party bosses win support and loyalty to their party in the past?
voter fraud
advertising
providing government services
patronage
127
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
pay dues
attend meetings
think they are in it
register
128
Habeus Corpus rights were at first denied to hundreds of suspected terrorists being held at
Guantanamo
Alcatraz
San Quentin
Los Alamos
129
This amendment eliminated the poll tax
23rd
22nd
24th
25th
130
This law said suspected terrorists can be wiretapped and residences searched without notice
Patriot Act
Freedom Act
Protect America Act
Wikileaks Act
131
What part of the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination in federally funded programs?
Title V
Title IX
Title XI
Title XX
132
What percentage of delegates does a candidate need to get the nomination?
50% +1
the largest percentage of all candidates
100%
2/3 or 75%
133
What was the ruling in Korematsu v. The United States?
Germans and Italians should also be interned
Internment of people of Japanese ancestry is constitutional
Internment of Japanese US citizens is unconstitutional
People of Japanese ancestry born in the US are not citizens
134
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
135
All of the following undercut the importance of campaign strategy EXCEPT
selective perception
media culture
party identification
incumbency advantage
136
In what type of primaries can voters vote for different parties on the same ballot?
bicameral
open
closed
blanket
137
What court ruling raised the standard for contract set-asides to "compelling gov't. interest"?
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Gratz v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
Adarand Construction v. Pena
138
Conservative or liberal? Increase regulations to protect the environment.
conservative
liberal
139
McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT
barred issue ads by outside groups before an election
increased the amount individuals to donate to candidates
required reporting of PAC contributions
eliminated the public funding option
140
Which of the following type of voter is least common?
idealogues
nature of the times
low information
groups benefits
141
For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?
To raise money
To select a candidate for the general election
To build enthusiasm
to produce a party platform
142
This 1971 case ruled that busing was an acceptable remedy to desegregate schools
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Plessy v. Ferguson
143
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Subsidize renewable energy development.
Democrat
Republican

AP Government Final Exam 2nd pd. Review Flashcards | StudBud