Science 7 Semester One Vocab

One diploid cell divides and makes four haploid sex cells

Cell Wall

Type of asexual reproduction performed in a laboratory that produces identical individuals

Body parts of organisms that are similar in structure & position, but different in function

Type of reproduction in which genetic material from two different cells mix & produce offspring

A mixture containing material from one or more deactivated pathogens

Movement of substances through a cell membrane, without using cells energy

Agents that cause disease

Cell

A female sex cell; forms in an ovary

The breeding of organisms for desired characteristics

A new organism grows by mitosis and cell division on the body of its parent

The two alleles that control the phenotype of a trait

The offsprings phenotype is a combination of the parents

A section on a chromosome that has genetic information for one trait

A genetic factor blocked by a dominant factor

Homeostasis

The study of how traits are passed from parents to offsprings

A whip-like structure to help with movement for bacteria

The impression of an organism on a rock

Genus

Series of chemical reaction that convert the energy in food molecule into usable form of energy

Uses a magnetic field to focus a beam of electrons onto an object

Cell division in prokaryotes that forms two genetically identical cells

An egg cell and a sperm cell join together

Membrane bound organelle that uses light energy and makes food.

A person who studies plants and animals by observing them

Is a form of asexual reproduction in which offspring grow from a parent plant

Two identical chromosomes

Conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen compounds that are usable by living things

The process of making mRNA from DNA

A protein that can attach to a pathogen and make it useless

Occurs when multiple genes determine the phenotype of a trait

Forms when a bacterium builds a thick internal wall around its chromosome & cytoplasm

A branched Diagram that shows the relationship among organisms

A strand of DNA or RNA surrounded by a layer of protein that can infect & replicate

A model used to predict possible genotypes

A long chain of sugar molecules.

The new cell that forms from fertilization

Organisms with variations that help them survive in their environment, live longer, reproduce.

Substance in cells that forms when many small molecules join together.

A large macromolecule that does not dissolve in water

Occurs when the last individual of a species dies

Cell Membrane

Cells that have pairs of chromosomes

A cycle of growth, development, and division

The movement of substances through a cell membrane without using the cell's energy.

Uses light and lenses to enlarge an image of an object

A change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene

Is a molecule made of nitrogen base, a sugar, and a phosphate group

Are microscopic prokaryotes

The breaking down of dead organism and organic waste

A slight difference in an inherited trait among individual members of a species.

Groups of different tissues working together to perform a particular job

The passing of traits from parents to offsprings

Groups of similar cells that work together to carry out specific tasks

Groups of different organs that work together to complete a series of tasks

Pairs of chromosomes that have genes in the same trait arranged in the same order

the male sex cell; forms in a testis

Sister Chromatids are held by this

A long chain of amino acid molecules.

States that all living things are made of one or more cells

Living things that are made up of two or more cells.

An inherited trait that increases an organisms chance of surviving & reproducing

The nucleus and its contents divide

Nucleus

The two new cells that result from Mitosis and Cytokinesis

Medicine that stop the growth and reproduction of bacteria

The diffusion of water molecules only through a membrane

Group of organisms that have similar traits and are able to produce offspring

An adaptation in which one species looks like another species.

Cells that have only one chromosome from each pair

The study of similarities & differences among structures

Process of heating food to a temperature that kills most harmful bacteria

Organism

Are macromolecules that form when long chains of nucleotides join together

An adaptation that enables a species to blend in with its environment

The nucleic acid that carries the code for making proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

Gives each organism a two-word scientific name

The preserved evidence of the activity of an organism

The cytoplasm and its contents divide

A chart that divides Earth's history into different time units

Series of descriptions arranged in pairs leads user to unknown species

A period during the cell cycle of a cells growth and development

Two bacteria of the same species attached to each other and combine genetic material

Unspecialized cells that are able to develop into many different cell types