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Review Ethics & Political Philosophy Flashcards | StudBud
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Review Ethics & Political Philosophy
Review Ethics & Political Philosophy
20 terms
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Answers
1
Positive freedom means that we are free insofar as we have the capacity to develop as an individual.
True
False
2
Pluralism is the condition or system in which states, groups, principles etc. coexist
True
False
3
Founder of utilitarianism: "it is the greatest happiness of the greatest number that is the measure of right and wrong."
John Stuart
Bentham
Mill
Kant
4
How does the Industrial Revolution galvanize liberalism in the late 1700s?
People felt the need to get away from the cities and back to nature
Shifts towards self-made wealth replaced inherited power of the aristocracy
Chaos ensued
So many job opportunities meant one could easily identify with their work
5
Hobbes believed that human beings are innately:
pleasure seekers
good and irrational
inclined to like poetry over video games
bad and rational
6
In
The Republic
Plato envisioned the ideal state as a(n)
oligarchy
plutocracy
aristocracy
democracy
7
Not generally a compliment in everyday language.
Disinterested
Moral
Hedonist
Benevolent
8
Absolute (as in an absolute moral rule)
All societies should accept each other's differing moral values
Laws that are universal and unconditional
The belief that God does not exist
Having two or more meanings
9
Which one is not a feature of anarchist thought?
Mutual Aid
Individual liberty & equality
Anti-authoritarianism
Centralised government
10
The Enlightenment was a...
A global movement seeking new alignment with the values industrial life
Period of European artistic & political rebirth following the Middle Ages
European intellectual movement concerning God, reason, nature and humanity
Period of minimal cultural advancement after the fall of the Roman Empire
11
Marx diagnosed Capitalism & modern work as...
Insecure
Stable
Alienating
Inequitable
12
A feature of Conservatism is paternalism. Noblesse oblige is the social responsibility...
a French(?) word that I wish I remembered from class the other day
of privileged people to act with nobility & charity to the less privilege
of less privileged people to respect the wisest people in society
to avoid meddling in other peoples affairs
13
Which of the following is not one of Locke's "natural rights"?
Life
Liberty
Revolution
Property
14
Ethical relativism is defined as...
morality is relative to the norms of one's culture.
morality is true regardless of where or who you are.
morality is based on the whims of God.
morality is relative to your emotional state at the time.
15
NOT a part of utilitarian thought.
Hedonism
Consequentialism
Deontology
Cost-benefit analysis
16
Negative freedom means we are free insofar as...
We can act of our own will and our thoughts are not predetermined
We have opportunities for free speech, education, welfare etc.
We are not constrained
We have freedom but don't feel like we deserve it
17
Conservative thinker Edmund Burke (1729-1797) was critical of the French Revolution because it...
Destroyed time tested institutions, without a reasonable replacement
Wasn't creating change quickly enough
Caused panic amongst other Empires that their citizens would revolt
Should have also happened in England, a country full of corruption
18
Which of the these are part of Plato's 4
cardinal
virtues of character? Aristotle later expands it into virtue theory.
ambition
wisdom (prudence)
temperence
fortitude (courage)
19
Deep ecologists hold the view that
all
living things are alike in having value in their own right, separate of utility.
False
True
20
To begin: "That which really matters in utilitarianism"
Object
Circumstances
Consequences
Intentions
