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Physical Science Semester Test Review
Physical Science Semester Test Review
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Physical Science test review
Flashcards
62 cards
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1
The driving factors behind earth's layers are
Density
Temperature
Density and composition
Pressure and Density
2
Which seismic waves hit first in an earthquake?
S waves
Rayleigh
P waves
Love waves
3
All of the naturally occurring elements can be traced back to
Singularity
Small Stars
Universe expansion
4
A figure skater spinning with their hands at their sides represents what?
Angular Momentum
Conservation of angular momentum
total angular momentum stays the same
Law of Conservation of energy
5
Alpha decay involves
giving off a beta particle
losing neutrons
radioactive decay
losing a He atom with extra neutrons
6
Climate is the weather
over large periods of time
closer to the equator
at the poles
changes from day to day
7
Motion is change in
time
speed
position
velocity
8
The acceleration due to gravity is
98 m/s2
8.1 m/s2
9.81 m/s2
99 m/s2
9
What protects Earth from solar wind?
Magnetic field
atmosphere
Inner core
10
How does Red-Shift Phenomena support an expanding universe?
Objects move away
Light is shifted to the red spectrum
Shows that all objects in the universe are moving away
Hubble's Law shows an expanding universe
11
How does orderly motion relate to our solar system forming?
the sun formed in the center
Allowed for particles to condense and align
velocities of particles that were random became aligned
12
What happens when matter is compacted?
Increase in heat and pressure
decrease in heat and pressure
heat and pressure stay the same
13
Which elements formed first?
Carbon and Nitrogen
Lightest
Protons
Heavy metals
14
The strongest force in the universe is
electromagnetism
weak nuclear force
strong nuclear force
gravity
15
Earth has internal heat that is primarily because of what mechanisms
Radioactive decay
Conservation of heat energy
heat as a by product of radioactive reactions
16
The SI unit for energy is the
Joule
Newton
Watt
17
Energy is transformed and transferred
Law of Gravitational Collapse
Law of Conservation of Energy
Law of Conservation of Matter
18
Magnetic minerals align to Earth's magnetic field. The study of this is called
Geology
Geophysics
Paleomagnetism
Paleontology
19
There was no time or past before the singularity.
False
True
20
What is the relationship shown in the plot below?
Temperature and distance increase
Temperature and Pressure decrease
A higher temperature means a smaller distance
planets close to the sun are rocky
21
For any object, the greater the force the greater the
accleration
motion
velocity
inertia
22
A Solar Nebula is?
type of singularity
cloud of gas and dust
somewhat spherical
gravity driven
23
Why do continents have a puzzle piece fit to their coastlines?
Pangea
Plate Tectonics
They were once all connected
24
Layer of the Earth responsible for producing the magnetic field
Outer core
mantle
crust
Inner core
25
How many billions of years ago was the first life form?
3.3
200
3.5
4.0
26
Asthenosphere is composed only of the mantle
False
True
27
The time it takes for half a starting amount of an isotope to decay is
radioactive decay
losing neutrons
half-life
28
Objective means based on opinion
True
False
29
Different atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons
Isotope
Molecule
Atom
Compound
30
Newton's first law of motion is also called the law of
velocity
mass
motion
inertia
31
Atomic number is
number of neutrons
number of protons
number of electrons
32
When you increase frequency in the EM Spectrum energy
stays the same
decreases
cannot tell
increases
33
Nebular Theory holds that our solar system formed from
Singularity
Collapse of a star
Expansion
34
What was the oxygen holocaust?
Oxygen was removed from the atmosphere
several species adapted and lived in an environment with O
when oxygen altered the atmosphere and species died
when addition of oxygen changed the atmosphere
35
contains primarily Fe
Mantle
Inner core
Asthenosphere
Outer core
36
The layer on which tectonic plates move is the
lithosphere
asthenosphere
mantle
core
37
What is the singularity?
before the Big Bang
Start of the universe
contains all matter in the universe, hot, no dimensions
time does not exist
38
What is matter?
takes up space and has mass
composes everything in the universe
has mass
takes up space
39
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation is?
Leftover energy from expansion
radiation that is the same throughout the universe
Was found by accident
40
Isotopes have the same mass number
False
True
41
According to the law of conservation of energy the total amount of energy in the universe
is constant
decreases
changes constantly
increases
42
When did the largest mass extinction occur?
Oxygen Holocaust
End of Permian
K-T Boundary
Cretaceous
43
holds less dense elements
crust
outer core
inner core
mantle
44
Protons and neutrons are found in the space outside of the nucleus.
True
False
45
Lithosphere is composed of the crust
False
True
46
What is the determining factor for the properties of a planet?
Frost line
Distance from the sun
Temperature
47
What eon is characterized by having no atmosphere and being "molten" earth?
hadean
archaen
proterozoic
48
Volcanoes are explosive because they
have trapped gases due to high viscosity
have low amounts of trapped gases
have lots of trapped gases
have a low viscosity
49
When a solar nebula collapses
heats up and spins faster due to change in radius
gravitational energy increases
it compacts
50
When H and He fuse in _____ lighter elements are made.
cosmic rays
large stars
small stars
51
If a galaxy has a greater distance it has a greater _____
Red Shift
Velocity
Red Shift and Velocity
52
Heavy elements are made through fusion in
Small Stars
Large Stars
Expansion
Cosmic Rays
53
Gas giants formed through
Solar nebula
Gravitational capture of H and He
Distance from sun
freezing temperatures
54
Molten rock above earth's surface is called
lava
magma
55
Acceleration is rate of change in
speed
time
velocity
position
56
Electrons have much more space than protons and neutrons.
False
True
57
What evidence do we have for the Solar Nebular Theory?
the sun is the center of our solar system
gravitational collapse
Observe stars forming today
58
The layer of the Earth that is most like a fingernail
Inner core
Crust
Mantle
Atmosphere
59
composed of Ni-Fe Alloy
lithosphere
mantle
Inner core
Outer core
60
An accretion disc forms from
small star
a solar nebula flattening due to collapse
expansion of universe
singularity
61
Molten rock below earth's surface is called
lava
magma
62
Mass number is
number of neutrons and protons
number of electrons
number of neutrons
