stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
JCHS Biology Semester 1 Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
JCHS Biology Semester 1 Final Exam Review
JCHS Biology Semester 1 Final Exam Review
85 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
750 plays
2018-2019
Flashcards
85 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
85
Answers
1
Looking at a cell under a microscope, you note that it is a prokaryote. How do you know?
The cell lacks a cell membrane.
The cell lacks a nucleus.
The cell lacks cytoplasm.
2
If the pH of stomach acid and of oven cleaner were measured,
both would be below 7.
pH of stomach acid would be > 7; oven cleaner would be < 7.
pH of stomach acid would be < 7; oven cleaner would be > 7.
3
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
6CO2 + 6H2O → 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy.
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy → 6O2 + C6H12O6
6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
4
A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit is
predation.
mutualism.
commensalism.
5
Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?
regulates the movement of materials into & out of the cell
keeps the cell wall in place
stores water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates
6
Which of the following is an example of an organ?
digestive system
nerve cell
heart
7
Glycolysis provides a cell with a net gain of
4 ATP molecules.
2 ATP molecules.
18 ATP molecules.
8
Using Figure 5–2, what is the most likely cause of the decrease in moose population after 1995?
Poisonous plants killed off many moose.
Many moose reached old age and died.
Overcrowding caused competition in the moose population.
9
Which statement is true about macromolecules?
Simple sugars are made of polysaccharides.
Glycerol is made of fatty acids.
Proteins are made of amino acids.
10
What is one difference between primary and secondary succession?
Secondary succ. begins on soil; primary on new surfaces.
Secondary succ. begins with lichens; primary with trees.
Primary succession is rapid and secondary succession is slow
11
Which of the following is a density-independent limiting factor?
earthquake
emigration
parasitism
12
Which of the following could describe a population that is decreasing in size?
The death rate is becoming higher than the birthrate.
The death rate is becoming lower than the birthrate.
The death rate is constant and the birthrate is increasing.
13
Which of the following is a biological aspect of an organism’s niche?
amount of sunlight
composition of soil
the way it gets food
14
During diffusion, when concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is =, molecules
stop moving across the membrane.
continue to move across the membrane in both directions.
move across the membrane to the outside of the cell.
15
Energy is released from ATP when
ATP is exposed to sunlight.
a phosphate group is removed.
a phosphate group is added.
16
Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis by absorbing
chlorophyll a.
high-energy sugars.
sunlight.
17
The human population experienced exponential growth just after
the bubonic plague began.
the Industrial Revolution began.
agriculture began.
18
The products of photosynthesis are the
reactants of cellular respiration.
reactants of fermentation.
products of cellular respiration.
19
What helps the inside of the thylakoid membrane get a + charge in light-dependent reactions?
ATP synthase produces ATP from ADP.
ATP synthase allows H+ ions to pass through the membrane.
H+ ions are released as water splits.
20
Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?
chloroplast
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
ribosome
21
Which explains why well-conditioned athletes pace themselves for events lasting several hours?
Cellular resp releases energy more slowly than fermentation.
Alcoholic fermentation produces carbon dioxide
Lactic acid fermentation can cause muscle soreness.
Heavy breathing is needed to get rid of lactic acid.
22
Matter can recycle through the biosphere because
matter is assembled into chemical compounds.
biological systems do not use up matter, they transform it
matter does not change into new compounds.
23
What is a product of the Calvin cycle?
high-energy sugars
oxygen gas
carbon dioxide gas
24
Why is the metric system easier to use than the English system?
The metric system is based on multiples of 10.
Metric units are easier to measure than English units.
Metric units are smaller than English units.
25
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
active transport.
osmotic pressure.
osmosis.
26
Introduced species can threaten biodiversity because they can
cause desertification.
cause biological magnification.
crowd out native species.
reduce the amount of fertile land.
27
Science is best described as a
set of facts.
collection of beliefs.
way of knowing.
28
Which structure in Figure 7–2 stores materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates?
structure D
structure C
structure B
structure A
29
A group of similar cells that perform a particular function is called
a tissue.
a division of labor.
an organ system.
30
Cellular respiration uses 1 molecule of glucose to produce approximately
36 ATP molecules.
4 ATP molecules.
32 ATP molecules.
31
Water lilies don't grow in desert sand because water availability to plants in a desert is
a limiting factor.
a competition factor.
the logistic growth curve.
the carrying capacity.
32
In a logistic growth curve, exponential growth is the phase in which the population
grows quickly.
reaches carrying capacity.
growth begins to slow down.
33
The number of different species in the biosphere or in a particular area is called
genetic diversity.
species diversity.
ecosystem diversity.
34
Ideally, sustainable development should
provide for human needs at the expense of the environment.
preserve ecosystems while providing for human needs.
use more natural resources to make goods for human needs.
35
An example of a renewable resource is
coal.
oil.
trees.
36
Based on observation, you suggest that water could accelerate the growth of bread mold. This is
an experiment.
a hypothesis.
an analysis.
37
Why is carbon so special compared to other elements?
C atoms have 4 valence electrons & can form quadruple bonds.
Only C atoms can form covalent bonds with oxygen & hydrogen.
C atoms can bond to one another & form many structures.
38
The algae at the beginning of the food chain in Figure 3–1 are
primary producers.
primary consumers.
heterotrophs.
39
What type of electron is available to form bonds?
nucleus
ionic
valence
40
Which represents levels of organization in multicellular organism from the simplest to complex?
tissue, organ, organ system, cell
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
cell, tissue, organ system, organ
41
When salt is dissolved in water, water is the
solute.
solvent.
reactant.
42
What goes in Box 5 of the food web in Figure 3–2?
herbivores
decomposers
carnivores
43
How does society help science advance?
Society’s morals help scientists make good decisions.
Society’s biases steer science toward studying certain ideas
Society raises questions that science can help answer.
44
Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing the
products of the reaction.
speed of the reaction.
pH of the reaction.
45
Protecting an entire ecosystem ensures that
captive breeding programs will succeed.
interactions among many species will be preserved.
existing parks and reserves will expand.
46
A covalent bond is formed as the result of
sharing electrons.
transferring protons.
sharing protons.
47
Animals get the most of the nitrogen they need
directly from bacteria in the soil.
by consuming plants or other animals.
by breathing in atmospheric nitrogen.
48
A bird stalks, kills, and eats an insect. Which pair of ecological terms describes the bird?
carnivore, consumer
autotroph, herbivore
herbivore, decomposer
49
The graph in 5–1 shows the growth of a bacteria population. Which describes the growth curve?
limiting
logistic
exponential
demographic
50
Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in
all eukaryotic cells.
animal cells only.
prokaryotic cells only.
plant cells only.
51
Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into
oxygen and high-energy sugars.
ATP and oxygen.
oxygen and carbon.
52
Water molecules are polar, with the
O side being slightly positive; H side slightly negative.
oxygen and hydrogen sides being slightly positive.
O side being slightly negative; H side slightly positive.
53
Demography is the scientific study of
parasitism and disease.
none of the above
modernized countries.
human populations.
54
What is shown in Figure 6–2 above?
nonpoint source pollution
point source pollution
water treatment
55
Which of the following is NOT a principle of the cell theory?
All living things are made of cells.
Very few cells are able to reproduce.
Cells are the basic units of life.
56
What are the three kinds of ecological pyramids?
producer, consumer, and decomposer
energy, biomass, and numbers
energy, nutrient, and trophic
57
Which structure in 7–3 modifies/sorts/packages proteins & other materials for storage/release?
structure A
structure B
structure C
58
What happens when chlorophyll is struck by sunlight?
A chemical reaction turns chlorophyll into high energy carbs
The chlorophyll molecule is broken into two parts.
The electrons in the chlorophyll molecule become energized.
59
What is a valid conclusion that can be drawn from the graph in Figure 6
–
3 above?
Though people are driving more, pollution has decreased.
Pollution increases as energy consumption increases.
Energy consumption has changed more than total emissions.
60
The biology that deals with interactions among organisms & between them & their environment is
modeling.
economy.
ecology.
61
A model of feeding interactions among organisms in from producers to decomposers is called a
food web.
ecosystem.
population.
62
What would happen if bird population shown in the ecosystem in 4–1 were to suddenly decrease?
The grass and fish would compete for resources.
The fish population would increase.
The grass population would increase.
63
A well-tested explanation that explains a lot of observations is
an inference.
a controlled experiment.
a theory.
64
When hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water, water is
a reactant.
a catalyst.
a product.
65
What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons?
positive
radioactive
neutral
66
Which structure makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
ribosome
67
Which means of particle transport is shown in Figure 7–4?
active transport
osmosis
diffusion
68
Process by which organisms keep everything inside their bodies within certain limits is called
homeostasis.
photosynthesis.
metabolism.
69
An organism’s niche is
phys/bio cond where organisms live +how obtain needs to surv
all the physical/biological factors in organisms environment
a full description of the place an organism lives.
70
How do most primary producers make their own food?
by using chemical energy to make carbohydrates
by changing water into carbon dioxide
by using light energy to make carbohydrates
71
A personal preference or point of view is
a hypothesis.
a theory.
a bias.
72
Which of the following conclusions could you draw about the cell shown in Figure 7–1?
The cell is prokaryotic because it has a nucleus.
The cell is prokaryotic because it does not have a nucleus.
The cell is eukaryotic because it does not have a nucleus.
The cell is eukaryotic because it has a nucleus.
73
Biodiversity is valuable partly because it
tells us about many other species.
contributes to medicine and agriculture.
provides humans with resistance to disease.
74
Which of the following is a food chain in the food web shown in Figure 3–4?
grass, caterpillar, robin, hawk
grass, grasshopper, snake, hawk
tree, deer, mountain lion, fox
75
Which pathway represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?
O2 → ADP → Calvin cycle
H2O → Photosystem I → Photosystem II
H2O → NADP+→ Calvin cycle
76
The work of scientists usually begins with
testing a hypothesis.
careful observations.
drawing conclusions.
77
A wolf pack hunts, kills, and feeds on a moose. In this interaction, the wolves are
mutualists.
predators.
prey.
78
The movements of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because
energy flows in one direction, and nutrients recycle.
energy is limited in biosphere; nutrients r always available
nutrients flow in one direction, and energy recycles.
79
The air bubbles and spongy texture of bread are due to which process?
the Krebs cycle
alcoholic fermentation
lactic acid fermentation
80
In chemical reactions, atoms are
destroyed.
rearranged.
neutralized.
81
Which of the following is true about nonrenewable resources?
They cannot be replaced after they are used up.
There are plenty for people to use for a very long time.
Using them up will help keep the environment healthy.
82
If a population grows larger than carrying capacity, which of these is most likely to happen?
The death rate may rise.
The birthrate must fall.
The death rate must fall.
83
A student is collecting gas given off from a plant in bright sunlight at. The gas is probably
glucose.
ATP.
oxygen.
84
Which is one of the ways that cellular respiration and photosynthesis are opposite processes?
Photosynthesis removes CO2 from atmosphere. Resp replaces it
Photosynthesis uses glucose. Respiration produces glucose.
Photosynthesis removes O2 from atmosphere. Resp replaces it.
Photosynthesis releases energy. Respiration stores energy.
85
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in
any environment containing oxygen.
muscle cells.
mitochondria.
