Which factor determines the shape and function of a protein?

The order of the amino acids in the peptide chain

Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?

Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells.

Which word equation best represents the process of cellular respiration?

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

Which list includes only structures that would be found in a prokaryotic cell?

Cell wall, plasma membrane, cytoplasm

Which statement best describes natural selection?

Better adapted to environment = more likely to reproduce and pass on traits

What is the main function of a selectively permeable membrane?

regulates what enters and leaves the cell

Which of these best explains the difference between the way animals and plants exchange gases with their environment?

Animals use only respiration. Plants use photosynthesis and respiration

What traits does the salamander have?

Vertebral column, jaws, four walking legs

How does the amount of energy resulting from fermentation compare with that of aerobic respiration?

Aerobic respiration results in more energy.

Which of the following would cause a population to change/evolve?

natural selection, mutation, gene flow, random mating, and small population

Nucleotides are made up of three parts. The three parts are..

a sugar, a phosphate, and a base

What must occur during the cell cycle to ensure proper division of the chromosomes?

The DNA of the cell must replicate

Based on the diagram, energy could follow which of the following paths as it cycles through this ecosystem?

Grass ---> deer ---> mountain lion

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Questions 87

Answers

1
What you see, or the physical appearance in a person:
phenotype
genotype
2
Name B.
Glucose
Phosphate
Sugar
Base
3
Which factor determines the shape and function of a protein?
The density of ribosomes in the cell
The sequence of the phosphate molecules in the DNA chain.
The order of the amino acids in the peptide chain
The peptide bonds between amino acids
4
Which of the following converts food into energy for the cell?
cell membrane
Cytoplasm
mitochondria
Vacuole
5
Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?
Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than bloodcells
A mutation occurs during development of muscle cells but not blood cells.
Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells.
Muscle cells and blood cells have different sets of DNA for their jobs
6
Proteins are composed of what smaller building blocks?
Amino acids
nucleotides
nucleic acids
fatty acids
7
Which word equation best represents the process of cellular respiration?
carbon dioxide + glucose → oxygen + water
oxygen + water → glucose + carbon dioxide
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
8
Which of the following are true about genetic drift?
It can lead to evolution
all of these
It decreases genetic diversity
It is due to random chance/events
9
Where does transcription take place?
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleus
Ribosome
10
Some worms and mollusks go through similar larval stages in development. What can be inferred about their relationship
They mate with each other
They share a common ancestor
The share the same food source
They compete for a habitat
11
The diagram below represents a cell. Which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?
2
3
4
1
12
The alleles Bb are:
homozygous
homozygous dominant
homozygous recessive
heterozygous
13
What type of transport is illustrated?
facilitated diffusion
diffusion
osmosis
active transport
14
Which list includes only structures that would be found in a prokaryotic cell?
Cell wall, plasma membrane, mitochondria
Central vacuole, cell wall, lysosome
Plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondria
Cell wall, plasma membrane, cytoplasm
15
What type of growth would you expect to see in a population with limited resources?
logistic growth
Exponential growth
16
Which of the following has ribosomes?
Prokaryotes
Both
None of these
Eukaryotes
17
The cell membrane is formed mostly by...
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
phospholipids
proteins
18
The building blocks of nucleic acids are called ...
nucleotides
carbohydrates
amino acids
proteins
19
What process is occurring in the picture?
Meiosis
Mitosis
DNA replication
Protein Synthesis
20
The least amount of energy in a food web is found in the....
secondary consumers
tertiary consumers
Producers
Primary consumers
21
Replicate the following strand of DNA: AATCATGGA
GGATAUCUA
AATCATGGA
UUAGUACCU
TTAGTACCT
22
Which statement best describes natural selection?
As the weather changes, organisms that can find shelter need less energy
Organisms only eat plants need less food than organisms that eat animals
Better adapted to environment = more likely to reproduce and pass on traits
Small organisms are more likely to survive than larger organisms.
23
Based on the graph, what temperature does this enzyme work best?
40 C
15 C
30 C
24
Sections of DNA that code for proteins are called
chromosomes
genes
zygotes
gametes
25
What is the main function of a selectively permeable membrane?
Water storage
regulates what enters and leaves the cell
Breaks down molecules in the cell
Chemical storage
26
Which of these best explains the difference between the way animals and plants exchange gases with their environment?
Animals use only respiration. Plants use photosynthesis and respiration
Animals use photosynthesis and respiration. Plants only use photosynthesis
Animals use only photosynthesis. Plants use photosynthesis and respiration
Animals use photosynthesis and respiration. plants use only respiration
27
What two pieces of information are used to name and identifyorganisms?
domain and kingdom
genus and species
phylum and class
order and species
28
Enzymes are _________ that __________ chemical reactions.
proteins, slow down
lipids, slow down
proteins, speed up
lipids, speed up
29
Which group of organic molecules serve as long-term energy storage and make the cell membrane is?
Proteins
nucleic acids
Carbohydrates
lipids
30
What traits does the salamander have?
Vertebral column, jaws, four walking legs, amniotic egg
All of them
Vertebral column, jaws, four walking legs
vertebral column, jaws
31
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:ATG GGA ACT CCA
4
12
6
2
32
Which process is used to make mRNA from the DNA in the nucleus?
Transcription
Meiosis
Translation
DNA replication
33
If two parents are heterozygous for 2 traits, what is their genotype?
RrTt and RrTt
Rr and Tt
RRTT and rrtt
RT and rt
34
What is something that prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common?
They are multi-cellular.
They have organelles that are membrane-bound.
They have DNA.
They have a nucleus.
35
Which of these shows the steps by which proteins are coded and synthesized?
DNA-> RNA-> protein
protein-> DNA-> RNA
protein-> RNA-> DNA
RNA-> DNA-> protein
36
How does the amount of energy resulting from fermentation compare with that of aerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration results in more energy.
Each process results in variable amounts of energy.
Each process results in equal amounts of energy.
Aerobic respiration results in less energy.
37
Name the process in the picture
Translation
DNA replication
Transcription
Mitosis
38
Which of the following would cause a population to change/evolve?
natural selection, mutation, gene flow, random mating, and small population
natural selection, mutation, gene flow, non-random mating, small population
No gene flow, no mutation, large population, non-random mating
large population, random mating, no natural selection, no gene flow
39
What would be the genotype of a male that has a sex-linked recessive trait?
XbYb
XbXb
XbY
XBY
40
Name structure #5.
Mitochondria
Nucleus
rough ER
Chloroplast
41
Which process can occur in both mitosis and meiosis?
mutations
independent assortment
fertilization
crossing over
42
Having freckles is dominant. The parents genotypes are both Ff. What are the odds the offspring would have freckles?
50%
0%
75%
25%
43
Nucleotides are made up of three parts. The three parts are..
DNA, RNA, and a sugar
a sugar, a phosphate, and a base
a carbohydrate, a protein, and a fat
a lipid, a fat, and an oil
44
How many daughter cells are formed in meiosis?
0
2
1
4
45
The number of individuals an environment can support is known as
carrying capacity
biodiversity
exponential growth
populations
46
What is the photosynthesizing organelle in the plant cell?
J
B
C
G
47
What must occur during the cell cycle to ensure proper division of the chromosomes?
The mitochondria must divide
The cell membrane must dissolve
The DNA of the cell must replicate
The cell must grow in size
48
This organelle controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell.
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Vacuole
49
G = green, g = yellowThe genotype for a yellow plant is...
Gg
GG
gg
all of the choices result in yellow
50
Based on the diagram, energy could follow which of the following paths as it cycles through this ecosystem?
Grass ---> deer ---> mountain lion
Plant seeds ---> field mouse ---> robin
Sun ---> plant seeds ---> deer
Eagle ---> deer ---> plant seeds
51
Fruit fly body cells have 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, you would expect a resulting fruit fly daughter cell to have ...
16
4
8
46
52
The white feathers of a snowy owl allow it to blend in with its environment during the winter. This is an example of
Species
Variation
Adaptation
Environmental Change
53
What type of cell is this?
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
54
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription?
GCATCC
AUGCUU
ATGCTT
GCAUCC
55
What two products does a plant make during photosynthesis?
CO2 and Glucose
Water and Glucose
Oxygen and Water
Oxygen and Glucose
56
The thing that is changed in an experiment is the...
control variable
dependent variable
Independent variable
57
A cell requires energy to move materials from an area of low to high concentration across the cell membrane. This is...
Active transport
Osmosis
Passive transport
Facilitated diffusion
58
All of the living and nonliving things in an area that interact with each other are called a/an ______.
Community
Habitat
population
ecosystem
59
A reduction in which of these would lead to a decrease in all other populations?
Cyote
squirrel
Grasshopper
Grass
60
Which type of cell has no nucleus?
Eukaryote
Plant
Animal
Prokaryote
61
What type of inheritance is this?
incomplete dominance
Codominance
complete dominance
Sex-linked recesssive
62
Which of the following "evolves"?
an entire species
an individual
a population
63
What type of growth is this?
Logistic
Exponential
64
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium refers to a population that is
not evolving
growing quickly
going extinct
constantly changing
65
Which class of biomolecules includes DNA and RNA?
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acids
66
During translation, what does the tRNA deliver to the ribosomes?
DNA
proteins
amino acids
mRNA
67
The chemical colchicine disrupts cell division. Which process would most likely stop if this were added to liver cells?
Crossing over
Mitosis
Meiosis
active transport
68
Which process uses ATP to move materials across the plasma membrane against the concentration gradient?
osmosis
active transport
passive transport
facilitated diffusion
69
True or False: All mutations are harmful.
false
true
70
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
71
ATP is...
a unit of energy in the cell
a type of lipid
a molecule of DNA
72
Genes that are located close together on the same chromosome are usually inherited together and are called _______ genes
linked
daughter
homologous
sister
73
What type of cell is this?
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
74
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
oxygen
food
energy
water
75
Why is independent assortment, crossing over, mutations and random fertilization important?
they promote diversity among individuals
they create offspring that are identical
they promote unity among species
76
Sex-linked genes are usually found on the
y chromosome
x chromosome
21st chromosome
autosomes
77
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
sugar and the nucleus
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
deoxyribose and adenine
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
78
In the graph, what is the population of deer at the carrying capacity of the environment?
70
3
40
7
79
An offspring will receive how many alleles from each parent to determine a specific trait?
2
1
5
3
80
According to the diagram, when did the common ancestor of giant pandas and spectacled bears exist?
10-15 mya
20-25 mya
5-10 mya
15-20 mya
81
Which statement best describes how osmosis will affect this animal cell in the sugar solution?
Water will move into the cell and the cell will expand
Water will move out of the cell and the cell will shrink
Sugar will move into the cell and the cell will expand
Sugar will move out of the cell and the cell will expand
82
What are the two reactants of cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 & O2
CO2 & O2
C6H12O6 & CO2
CO2 & H2O
83
Which statement best explains why animals are considered heterotrophic?
They are able to produce food through the process of photosynthesis.
They are able to produce food through the process of respiration.
They are able to obtain nutrients by decomposing plant and animal tissue.
They are able to obtain nutrients by consuming other organisms
84
The main source of energy for all life comes from ____.
plants
ATP
The sun
glucose
85
Why do cells divide?
to grow
to make new cells
all of the above
to repair damage
86
Sweating during exercise to regulate body temperature is an example of...
Homeostasis
Excretion
Syntheisis
Metabolism
87
Which species’ DNA is most similar to the DNA of the toothed whale?
Camels
Grazing Mammals
Baleen Whale
Hippopotamus

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