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Unit 6 - physical behavior of matter: SAT practice questions Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 6 - physical behavior of matter: SAT practice questions
Unit 6 - physical behavior of matter: SAT practice questions
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1
Which phase change is exothermic?
H2O(g) -> H2O(l)
H2O(l) -> H2O(g)
NH3(s) -> NH3(l)
HS(s) -> H2S(g)
2
A gas has the volume of 24.0 L at a pressure of 15.0 atm and 447℃. What would its volume be at 9.0 atm and 177℃?
24.0 L
9.00 L
25.0 L
5.70 L
3
Which water sample has the greatest potential energy?
H2O(aq)
H2O(s)
The potential energies are equal
H2O(g)
4
Which would have the lowest heat of vaporization?
CO2
H20
MgO
Li2O
5
At the same conditions of temperature and pressure, which gas diffuses most rapidly?
Sulfur dioxide, SO2
Oxygen, O2
Neon, Ne
Methane, CH4
6
If the atmospheric pressure is 730 Torr, what is the pressure of the gas labeled A
35 Torr
765 Torr
795 Torr
630 Torr
7
380. mmHg is equivalent to 380.
mL
atm
K
Torr
8
When a solid is melting, the temperature of the solid-liquid mixture remains constant because
Heat energy is being converted to potential energy
Heat is not being absorbed
None of the above
The mixture is losing kinetic energy while it gains potential energy
9
A liquid which evaporates rapidly at room temperature would most likely have a high
Vapor pressure
Viscosity
Boiling temperature
Intermolecular attraction
10
In a crystalline solid particles are
vibrating without changing their positions in thelattice
motionless but changing their positions in thelattice
vibrating and changing their positions in the lattice
motionless without changing their positions in thelattice
11
The vapor pressure of a liquid depends upon
The amount of liquid present
The temperature of the liquid
The surface area of the liquid
The mass of the liquid
12
Charles' law can be expressed by the relation
None of the above
P2T1=P1T2
V1V2=T1T2
V2T1=V1T2
13
Which illustrates the temperature-time graph for the heating of ice at -10 degrees C to produce steam at 125 degrees C
C
D
B
A
14
Diamond is a(n)
Metal
Ionic crystal
Covalent crystal
Type of graphite
15
The number of molecules in 1 liter of O
2
at STP is
6.02 x 1023
8 times as in 1 L of H2 gas at STP
the same as the number of molecules in 1 L of H2 gas at STP
1/16 times in 1 L of H2 gas at STP
16
The heat of vaporization is generally less than the heat of fusion
False
True
17
In a mixture of gases, the gas with the most molecules exerts the most pressure
False
True
18
An increase in pressure at constant volume can be due to an increase in the number of molecules
True
False
19
The strongest intermolecular forces of attraction occurs in a liquid whose heat of vaporization is
400 J(g)-1
1,200 J(g)-1
2,000 J(g)-1
800 J(g)-1
20
What is the final volume when both the pressure and the Kelvin temperature of 8.0 Liters of an ideal gas are doubled?
24 L
8.0 L
16 L
32 L
21
During which segment of the graph is the potential energy change the greatest?
CD
EF
DE
AB
22
The conversion of a liquid to a gas can be accomplished
only at constant pressure
by a decrease in the kinetic energy of the particles
only by a change in temperature
by either a change in temperature or pressure
23
The two physical changes involved in distillation are
Heating and boiling
Melting and freezing
Vaporization and condensation
Vaporization and boiling
24
How far above the surface of the mercury is the mark that reads 760 Torr?
76 cm
none of the above
30 mm
385 mm
25
A basic assumption of the kinetic molecular theory is that particles
travel faster as the temperature increases
are in random motion
undergo inelastic collisions
have uniform kinetic energy at a given temperature
26
Which of the following contains particles which vibrate but have no rotational movement?
Hg(l)
None of the above
Ag(s)
NaCl(aq)
27
Which statement best explains why a confined gas exerts pressure? The molecules:
are in random motion
attract each other
collide with the container walls
collide with each other
28
At which time is the kinetic energy highest?
P
S
Q
R
29
Which statement about liquids and solids is generally false?
The density of solids is higher
The heat of vaporization is less than the heat offusion
Liquids have higher vapor pressures
The rate of diffusion is lower in solids
30
Carbon and silicon dioxide both have bonds which are predominately
Network covalent
Ionic
Coordinate
Metallic
31
The pressure due to the molecules of a substance in the vapor above its corresponding liquid is called
Saturation pressure
Air pressure
Partial pressure
Vapor pressure
32
At constant volume, why does the pressure of a sample of gas increase as the temperature is increased?
The molecules expand and become larger
The molecules move at a higher average speed
The molecular collisions become more elastic
The molecules collide with less force
33
Gases obey the Ideal Gas Laws most closely at
high pressure and high temperature
high pressure and low temperature
low pressure and high temperature
low density and high pressure
34
Fifty grams (50.0 g) of water is heated from 18.0℃ to 32.0℃. How much heat is absorbed ?
5,230 J
3,770 J
6,690 J
2,930 J
35
The conversion of a liquid to a gas can be accomplished
only at constant pressure
by either a change in temperature or pressure
by a decrease in the kinetic energy of the particles
only by a change in temperature
36
Boyle's Law can be expressed by the relationship
P1V2=P2V1
V1T1=V2T2
V1T2=V2T1
P1V1=P2V2
37
At a constant pressure, 10.0 L of a gas is cooled from 546 K to 273 K. The final volume is
14.0 L
20.0 L
2.00 L
5.00 L
38
One atmosphere is equivalent to
760. mmHg
22,400 mL
1.00 g(mL)-1
298 K
39
Heat is applied at a rate of 400. J/min to 2.00 g sample of a pure substance. What is the heat of fusion in J g
-1
?
1000.
800.
1400.
400.
40
The temperature of a sample of a carbon dioxide gas is a measure of its
Total kinetic energy
Kinetic and potential energy
Average kinetic energy
Total potential energy
41
Which would have the highest heat of fusion?
HAt
HI
HF
HBr
42
Which is a network covalent solid?
IV
II
III
None of the above
43
A gas is highly compressible
False
True
44
A piece of dry ice is allowed to stand at room temperature until it disappears. This process is called
Fusion
Freezing
Vaporization
Sublimation
45
Sulfuric acid and H
2
SO
4
is added to H
2
O, the container and contents gets hot. This shows that the solution reaction is
Endothermic and ovolves energy
None of the above
Endothermic and absorbs energy
Exothermic and evolves energy
46
Which of the following is not considered standard pressure?
760 torr
760 mmHg
1 atm
All of the above are standard pressure
47
The number of molecules contained in 15 mL of CO gas equals the number of molecules contained in 15 mL of O
2
gas at STP
Boyle's Law
Avogadro's hypothesis
The Law of Multiple Proportions
The Law of Conservation of Mass
48
At a constant pressure, 20 L of gas at 400 K is expanded to 30 L. The final temperature of the gas is
4,000 K
267 K
600 K
390 K
49
The random motion of gas molecules helps to explain the
fact that gases fill their container
fixed volume of gases
transparency of gases
low density of gases
50
Which molecule as a gas effuses the fastest?
H2
F2
Br2
O2
51
Which of the following gases effuses at the fastest rate at STP?
NO2
SO2
NO3
NH3
52
Real gas behavior differs from ideal gas behavior because the molecules of real gases
collide
have mass
have uniform velocities
attract one another
53
A quantity of H
2
O is heated and the phase change from liquid to gas takes longer than solid to liquid because
Heat fusion is greater than the heat of vaporization
Heat of vaporization is greater than the heat of fusion
Ice absorbs energy more rapidly than H2O
Average potential energy of the steam molecules is less than H2O molecules
54
Which are inversely proportional?
Pressure and moles
Volume and moles
Temperature and volume
Pressure and volume
55
Which of the following contains particles with the least freedom of motion?
MgBr2(s)
C6H12O6(aq)
CO2(l)
HCl(aq)
