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AP World History Mega Review!
AP World History Mega Review!
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1
European explorations
Concentrated on the Americas
Promoted harmony among the nations of Europe
Sought to break established trade monopolies
Were dependent on European technological innovation
2
Economic imperialism
Was the most common imperialist model in Africa
Didn't lead to direct political control over new territories
Led to colonial dependence upon industrialized nations
Led to industrialization of Latin America
3
Both Hinduism and Buddhism
Revered women
None of the above
Supported the caste system
Became increasingly popular in India
4
The key patterns of migration in the 20th and 21st centuries has been
From developing to developed nations
From urban to rural areas
From war-torn areas to those at peace
From rural to urban areas
5
Nationalism
Eased tensions within Austrian Empire
Brought tolerance for diversity within the Russian Empire
Delayed the unification of both Italy and Germany
Served as both a unifying and a divisive force
6
The trans-Atlantic slave trade
Increased after the establishment of sugar plantations
carried the majority of slaves to North America
Carried more women than men
7
The 15th century was characterized by
The beginning of nation-states in Italy and Germany
The decentralization of political power in Spain
The strengthening of nation-states in England and France
8
Industrialization in Egypt
Resulted from disharmony in the Muslim world
Decreased Egypt's dependency on the west
Was accomplished without government support
Gave new freedoms to lower classes
9
Which of the following was NOT used first during World War I?
Airplanes
Dirigibles
Tanks
Radar
10
Indian Ocean trade
Declined with the fall of classical empires
Failed to establish connections with land routes
Saw mariners use the geographic forces of the Indian Ocean
Linked all areas of the Indian Ocean basin except Africa
11
The declining years of the Qing dynasty saw
The long-term acceptance of the self-strengthening movement
Invasion by nomadic people north of the Great Wall
The end of the opium trade
The influence of foreign nations
12
The Egyptian civilization was similar to the Sumerian civilization in
Its political structure
Its reliance on natural defense barriers
Its system of social stratification
Its extent to which its culture was diffused
13
Latin American trade
Relied on exports of manufactured goods
Relied on the increased slave trade of the late 19th century
Decreased after the 1820s
Caused great Britain to support the Monroe doctrine
14
The Brazilian independence movement
Resulted in the abolition of slavery
Produced a republic for Brazil
Involved a prolonged struggle with Portugal
Was the result of the Napoleonic Wars
15
The natives of North America
Established tribute empires
Used architectural designs similar to those of Mesoamerica
Build empires on the scale of those of Mesoamerica
16
Compared to the Spanish Empire, that of the Portuguese
Was less influenced by the Roman Catholic Church
Developed a more egalitarian society
Was more global in its extent
Developed a better relationship with Indian inhabitants
17
One of the weaknesses of the early Muslim empires was
Disregard for the cultural traditions of conquered peoples
Failure to resolve questions of succession
Insistance on conversion of non-Arabs within the empire
Indifference to the Sunni and Shi'ite split
18
Both the Mexican revolts of 1821 and 1910
Ended in the immediate establishment of a republic
Involved resistance to foreign influence
We're initially Creol-backed movements
19
Daoism and Confucianism
Agreed on the importance of education
Disagreed on the need for personal reflection
Based their teachings on Chinese traditions
Taught that political involvement was essential to a society
20
Russia's role in the 20th- century global conflicts included all of the following EXCEPT
An ethnic-based alliance with Serbia
Creating opportunities for postwar influence on Europe
Participation in the formation of the League of Nations
21
As a result of hemispheric trade between 1450 and 1750
The entire globe was linked by numerous active trade routes
The work of African artisans found new markets
European wealth and commercial dominance increased
22
The Allied policy toward Hitler in the 1930's can best be described as one of
Indifference
Containment
Confrontation
Appeasement
23
Early societies of South America
Developed societies that had no knowledge of metals
Traded widely with regions to their north
Built upon Mesoamerican cultural traditions
Was challenged by geographic limitations
24
The area in which Islam showed the most change during the 7th to the 15th centuries was in
The development of the shariah
It's treatment toward People of the Book
The status of slaves
The role of women
25
The end of the 20th century saw
The resolution of the problems of Palestinian refugees
A general decline in democracy throughout Latin America
Increased economic prosperity for Japan
Ethnic conflict in Russia and in Africa
26
Both the Protestant Reformation and the Enlightenment
Upheld church traditions
Lowered the status of women
Questioned political authority
Relied on reason over faith
27
The Indus Valley civilization
Was isolated from other River Valley civilizations
Is the best studied through it's written records
Declined after the arrival of Aryan invaders
Relied heavily on communal planning
28
The Mughal empire
Controlled the entire Indian subcontinent
Failed to ease tensions between Hindus and Muslims in India
Produced art and architecture that reflected syncretism
29
The decline of Gupta India
Resulted in the decline of traditional Indian culture
Didn't result in the fragmentation of the country
Saw the increased power of local princes
Occurred without pressure from invading peoples
30
The African slave trade
Was limited to the Atlantic ocean
Was frequently the result of African rivalries
Had no ties to Middle Eastern trade
Was abolished by the Dutch in southern Africa
31
Compared to the trans-Atlantic slave trade, that of eastern Africa
Involved only European nations
Also involved the plantation system
Didn't involve central Africa
acquired slaves from coastal areas only
32
Industrial revolution in Great Britain
Followed a similar revolution in the US
Received little government support
Was facilitated because of the enclosure movement
Initiated an interest in global trade
33
Christianity
Failed to utilize the public works of the Roman empire
Was not a missionary religion
Remained a religion of the Roman empire
Taught the forgiveness of sins through faith in Jesus
34
The Columbian exchange
Drew the world's oceans into an active trade network
Didn't involve Africa
Improved the nutrition of American indigenous peoples
Created both positive and adverse effects on population
35
Shang China
Was less urbanized than the Nile Valley civilization
Was prevented by natural barriers from trading
Left no decipherable written records
Contributed to the development of China's central government
36
The impact of regional trade on global trade in the 20th century was especially noticeable
After the establishment of NAFTA
Before and during the Great Depression
On plantations during the imperialist age
During the revolution in Chiapas, Mexico
37
The end of the trans-Atlantic slave trade
Was resisted by Great Britain
Received widespread support of African kings
Occurred about the time of the emancipation of Russian surfs
Began with Brazil
38
Under both the Han and Roman empires
Imperial roads were connected to the Silk Roads
New territories were added to the empire
A time of peace settled over both empires
All of the above
39
The Five Pillars
Are included in the Quran
Provide unity within Islam
Are inattentive to distinctions in social class
40
When the Portuguese first became involved in the slave trade
They were interested primarily in gold and spices
They were on interested in Christianizing African peoples
They were amazed at the poverty of African kingdoms
They created the African slave trade
41
The influence of nomadic peoples in Eurasia
Delayed the interaction of global commercial networks
Ended with the Mongols
Brought efficient administration to Eurasia
Created a relationship between nomads and settled peoples
42
The Neolithic age
Produced societlies without class distinctions
Saw the beginnings of urbanization
Saw a decline in global populations
Saw agriculture carried out without the use of metal tools
43
Early medieval Europe's strongest state was
England
France
The Holy Roman Empire
The Papal States
44
The European union
Doesn't adjust tariffs outside the European community
Established a currency used by all its members
Has the same basic purpose as NAFTA
Originated with Great Britain
45
The rule of classical India included
The egalitarian Aryan society
Aryan agricultural knowledge
Vedic traditional literature
The Aryan writing language
46
Sugar plantations
Especially valued slaves from Western Africa
Were initially founded in the Caribbean
Were the ultimate destination of the first Portuguese slaves
47
An example of Cold War brinkmanship is found in
The Cultural Revolution
The Arabian-Israeli War
The Cuban Missle Crisis
The Iran-Iraq War
48
All of the following Chinese traditions and achievements began under the Han dynasty EXCEPT
Confucian philosophy
The civil service exam
Paper manufacture
Expansion into central Asia
49
Compaired to the Viets, the Chinese were more
Interested in trade
Agrarian
Ethnically diverse
Urbanized
50
An example of diffusion rather than independent invention is the
Mayan concept of zero as a place holder
Sumerian use of the wheel
Origin of the Greek alphabet
Cultivation of the banana in southeast Asia
51
The Netherlands established commercial/colonial interests in all of the following areas EXCEPT
Western Africa
Japan
Southern Africa
North America
52
Japan's greatest challenge to industrialize was
Lack of government cooperation
Competition between the government and the zaibatsu
It's geography
Continued presense of the shogunate
53
Under Mongol rule in China
Chinese educational traditions were maintained
Chinese women were placed in a more subordinate position
Japan and Vietnam were brought under Mongol control
Chinese regional rulers were allowed to govern
54
The American and the French revolutions were alike in all of the following ways EXCEPT
They were prompted by issues of taxation
They produced documents that defined similar natural rights
They both brought increased political power for women
55
All of the following are true of communism after World War II EXCEPT that
It spread to largely agricultural regions
European countries were subjected to Soviet occupation
It produced a division of Korea
It created a pause in the civil war in China
56
Japanese feudalism
United peasants and elite classes
Saw the beginnings of a centralized Japan
Brought a temporary end to internal conflicts
Revolve around the power of the samurai as warlords
57
All of the following describe the Scientific Revolution EXCEPT that
It described the nature of the universe
It emphasized the value of research
It was modeled on Chinese philosophy
58
Colonialism in India
Decreased nationalist feelings among Indians
Brought an end to tensions between Muslim and Hindus
Was facilitated by the breakup of the Mughal Empire
59
Enlightenment thought
Resulted in harsher punishments for criminals
Resembled renaissance thought
Treated children as miniature adults
Wasn't embraced by the woman's movement
60
Confucianism and early Buddhism
Did not believe that their founders were gods
Included a belief in nirvana
Became the dominant philosophy of their respective regions
Emphasized the importance of effective government
61
The Protestant Reformation
Diminished the achievements of the Commercial Revolution
Spread due to advances in Chinese and European technology
Strengthened the authority of the papacy
Became the basis of Enlightenment thought
62
Greek society
Was disrupted by the conquest of Alexander
Was unified by the geography of the Greek peninsula
Was extended through overseas colonization
Extended the democratic ideal by relying on free labor alone
63
Both the Aztecs and Incas
Were originally nomadic people
Built on the traditions of their predecessors
Allowed women a significant role in public life
Integrated conquered peoples into their empire
64
The agricultural revolution
was an abrupt process beginning in 8000 BCE
began with an extensive pattern of cultural diffusion
Saw the use of agricultural methods that inspired migration
occurred about the same time throughout the world
65
The world's most populous democracy is
India
The US
Great Britain
Canada
66
The early civilization with the least-developed technology was
Sumerian
Mesoamerican
Harrapan
Egyptian
67
Buddhism
Was the adopted faith of Gupta rulers
Opposed Confucian ideals of patriarchal families
Changed to teach that common people could reach nirvana
68
During the middle ages, the concept of limited government with the most clearly in
Italy
France
England
Germany
69
The Eastern portion of the Roman empire
Didn't experience pressure from invaders
Competed with the Parthians and Sassanids for trade
Successfully restored the boundaries of the Western empire
Was a center of trade, art, and architecture
70
African kingdoms in the period from 1450 to 1750
Like the Chinese, weren't interested in European trade goods
Featured monarchs ruled without advisers
Frequently enslaved their own people
Participated in slave trade before the arrival of Europeans
71
In contrast to the period following World War II
Disregarded the Soviet war effort
Didn't produce a single defining peace treaty
Saw inmediate independence for Europe's African colonies
72
During the period of the late Roman empire, Christianity
Declined in numbers because of persecutions
Became less organized as the empire fell
Appealed primarily to elite classes
Experienced a change in its official status
73
The declining years of Han China and the Roman empire shared all of the following EXCEPT
Epidemic disease
Attack by powerful neighboring states
Unequal land distribution
Poor harvests
74
Hinduism
Gained little acceptance outside India
Offered no hope from members of lower castes
Addressed the consequences of one's behavior
Was based on traditions of the Harappan civilization
75
Muhammad
Made provisions for the future leadership of Islam
Established clear class distinctions for Islamic society
Built on the religious traditions of the Arabian Peninsula
76
The Abbasid dynasty
Healed the rift between Sunnis and Shi'ites
Proved the high point of Muslim cultural achievement
Creates a social rift between Arabs and new converts
77
Which of the following leaders would have agreed most with the policies of Benito Mussolini?
V. I. Lenin
Nikita Khrushchev
Juan Peron
Fidel Castro
78
Which of the American peoples was closest to the Persians in their administrative style?
The Mississippians
The Incas
The Mayas
The Aztecs
79
As a new faith, Islam gained strength
Because of rules of succession
Within portions of the former Roman Empire
First in Mecca, then throughout the Arabian peninsula
80
Medieval Europe
Saw the rise of universities
Produced urban areas that rivaled those of European empires
Extended to local schools found on the manor
Developed banking institutions from multicultural contacts
81
Among the common migration patterns in the 19th century was
migration from Latin America to Mediterranean Europe
Migration for religious reasons
middle-class migration from countryside to city
The discontinuation of shelter colonies
82
The Renaissance
Was a result of the crusades
Represented a complete break from medieval traditions
What is a movement of uniquely Western origins
Began in the Eastern Roman empire
83
Mercantilism
Sparked further rivalries among European nations
Encouraged the importation of foreign goods
Supported free trade
Brought long-term prosperity to Europe
84
The Communist ruler whose economic policies were most like those of Lenin was
Joseph Stalin
Mao Zedong
Jiang Jieshi
Deng Xiaoping
85
By the 21st century, almost all women across the globe
Were granted educational opportunities equal to men
Were freed from traditional home making roles
Were allowed to serve in combat in the Armed Forces
Had been granted the right to vote
86
Results of cultural diffusion among early civilizations included
Harappan sewage systems
The invention of the wheel
The cultivation of potatoes
The legend of Quetzalcoatl
87
The Black Death
Changed the course of political institutions
Originated in Europe
Was most devastating in north Africa
Spread solely along routes of Mongol conquest
88
Early urban dwellers
Were dominated by people in agricultural settlements
Left the religious practices to agricultural peoples
Saw the need for a government
Were offered few chances to carry out specialized tasks
89
The position of the Chinese scholar-gentry
Weekend efforts to curb nomadic invasions
Was mimicked by the Japanese
Was admired by the Vietnamese
Declined during the Song Dynasty
90
During the Gupta dynasty
Hinduism and Buddhism became the official religions of India
The government of India became more centralized
Slavery increased
Arabic numerals originated in India
91
The decline of Han China
Like Rome, saw invaders permanently dominate the empire
Resulted in the decline of Buddhism in China
Sae the end of Chinese established traditions
Saw Daoism, rather than Confucianism, gaining popularity
92
The Aztec and Inca civilizations differed most significantly in their
System of recordkeeping
Social structure
Technological skill
Religious institutions
93
The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment
Broke completely with classical traditions
Both held that reason could be used to improve humanity
Were global movements
94
The position of Chinese women
Was more restrictive under the Tang than under the Song
Was defined by Confucianism
Resulted in greater freedoms under Neo-Confucianism
Changed markedly between the 7th and 13th centuries
95
The nation that rose in power during World War I but declined in power during World War II was
Russia
Japan
Great Britain
Ottoman Empire
96
The Ottoman empire
Was unsuccessful in controlling European territory
Weakend because its technology fell behind that of Europe
Unlike the Mughal empire, was not a gun powder empire
Reached its height around 1750
97
Lenin's New Economic Policy
Allowed some elements of capitalism
Established collective farming
Forbade the ownership of private property
Resulted in decreased agricultural production
98
Aztec and Inca religions
Reflected the agrarian nature of their respective societies
Restricted the worship of subject peoples
Stressed a personal relationship with their gods
Placed women in a subordinate position
99
The period of greatest population decline in Europe during the Middle Ages was
The 10th to 13th centuries
The 5th and 6th centuries
The 14th century
The 15th century
100
Common to most early industrial nations was the development of
Zaibatsu
Steel manufacturing
Railroads
Unions
101
During the agricultural revolution, women
Participated in hunting activities with men
Experienced a decrease in status
Observed and studied the agricultural environment
Weren't represented in neolithic art
102
The Ottoman Empire
Saw trade between non-Muslims and European merchants
Resisted economic reforms
Refused to accept foreign loans
Supported policies that benefited local artisans
103
The Protestant and Catholic reformations were like in there
Abandonment of church traditions
Views towards papal authority
Reliance on church councils
Emphasis on education
104
European exploration through the mid-15th century
Depended upon the knowledge of the eastern world
Placed merchants in conflict with monarchs
Produced intense rivalries with East Asian civilizations
Suffered from a lack of technological expertise
105
Population patterns in the 19 century
Showed decline in east Asia and growth in Western Europe
Were affected by the Columbian exchange of the last period
showed limited growth among working classes
Showed growth restricted to the Western world
106
From the time of the Roman Republic to the Pax Romana
Roman citizenship became increasingly rare
Rome became increasingly democratic
The territory of Rome continued to expand
Roman civilization became increasingly weaker
107
As a result of the Opium War
The importation of opium to China increased
Great Britain acquired Hong Kong
The Qing dynasty over took to Ming
The Chinese silver supply was restored
108
East Asian nations are noted for the export of all of the following products EXCEPT
Textiles
Films
Automobiles
Heavy industry
109
Which of the following was NOT true concerning the Green Revolution?
It was highly ineffective in increasing agricultural yeilds
It was an expensive solution to crop improvements
It reinforced class distinctions
It disseminated pollutants
110
World War I was considered a global conflict because
It involved battles on every continent
Warring powers held colonies that participated in the war
It was fought in both European and Pacific theaters
111
Interactions between Muslims and Europeans during the 1600's are most commonly found in the
Arctic Ocean
Pacific ocean
Atlantic ocean
Indian Ocean
112
During the classical period, Africa
Was cut off from global trade patterns
Lost contact with classical civilizations
Repelled Christian missionary efforts
Saw new technology used in trans-Saharan travel
113
Spain didn't participate in World War II because
It was still recovering financially from World War I
Its republican governmen feared a Fascist coup
It feared Communist domination
It had just endured a civil war
114
Within Africa, the slave trade
Had little effect on central African kingdoms
Increased African dependence on European nations
Decreased the value of women slaves
Promoted unity amoung African kingdoms
115
Trade among the peoples of the Americas
Was most similar in the Aztec and Toltec societies
United the Chimor and Inca people
Was facilitated in the Andes by geography
Remained local
116
Silk road trade
Florished despite constant interferences from nomadic tribes
Bypassed Mesopotamia
Was confined to land routes across Asia
Established links between the empires of Han China and Rome
117
The French Revolution of 1789 and the Chinese revolt of 1911 were alike in that
They weren't Nationalist independence movements
They ended immediately in a dictatorship
They were initiated by the lower classes
They failed to achieve their goals
118
New scientific and artistic expressions in the west in the 19th century
Relied on reason in literacy expression
Created new frontiers in physics
Supported traditional beliefs
119
20th century intentions and accomplishments
Did nothing to improve household chores
Were sometimes detrimental to the quality of life
Popularized radio, especially in Europe
120
The English and French engaged in rivalries over territory in
China
East Africa
Indonesia
North Africa
121
The nation-state
Arose in Europe because of its diversity of cultural groups
Promoted harmony among Europeans
Was incompatible with absolute monarchies
Was embraced by the Ottoman empire
122
Michael Gorbachev allowed all of the following EXCEPT
Private land ownership
The protection of consumer goods
Discussion of government policies
Democratic government
123
Attempts to save the Roman empire from ruin included
The emancipation of Roman slaves
The establishment of a new capital in the eastern empire
The division of the latifundia
124
Egyptian trade
Improved as a result of Muhammad Ali's policies
Was dependent on the exportation of a single crop
Weakend after the opening of the Suez Canal
Didn't suffer from competition with Europe
125
Earliest civilizations in both the Eastern and Western hemispheres were similar in
Their location at similar latitudes
Their technological knowledge
Their practice of polytheism
Their reliance on the flooding of major rivers
126
World trade during 1750 to 1914
Benefited western colonial powers
Brought greater prosperity to Chinatown than to the west
Decreased the economic power of the west
Strengthened Latin America's trade position
127
The nation that saw a consistent rise in global influence during both world wars was
China
France
Germany
United States
128
The Persians
Were noted for their harsh treatment toward conquered people
Continued the traditions of ancient Mesopotamia
Introduced a religion similar to the structure of Hinduism
Failed to establish a unified empire
129
South Africa
Saw British enslavement of native peoples
Became an egalitarian society under Dutch rule
Saw the beginnings of racial divisions during colonial rule
130
Inthe early years of industrial development
Married woman had more opportunities for clerical jobs
Women in Japan emerged from traditional roles
Spouses were given more opportunities to work together
British woman lost jobs in domestic manufacturing
