The Dominicans and Franciscans

attacked materialism and allowed no personal possessions.

which of the following was not true about Yuan Dynasty rule

the Mongols took advantage of existing Chinese bureaucratic systems

The rise of Venice as an urban center was most connected with which development in western Europe?

Expansion of manufacturing and trade

Which is true of the Aztec treatment of conquered people?

They practiced violence and human sacrifice on conquered peoples

In Italy, the political structure was marked by

a series of city-states and principalities.

Within the plantation societies of the French colonies, African slaves developed a belief system based on

combined Christian and African traditions.

Medieval social commentators often described the medieval social structure with the phrase

"those who pray, those who fight, and those who work."

The Yongle Encyclopedia

repped the Ming rulers' interest in supportng Chinese cltrl traditions

The Ming Dynasty's philosophy for ruling China was to

return to the model of traditional Chinese dynasties.

The demographic effects of the plague in western Europe were most strongly characterized by which of the following?

Population annihilation of entire communities

The guilds of the high middle ages

usually admitted women as members.

Which was most likely the main motivation for the intensification of Euro maritime exploration in 1200s-1300s

Lure of trade and new trade routes

Central to Renaissance thought was a(n)

fascination with classical Greek and Roman art and philosophy.

influenced other Europeans to visit China.

Women in Aztec society

played almost no political role.

The long-term economic and social impact of the plague in western Europe was most strongly characterized by

labor shortages and peasant rebellions.

believed that it was possible to prove rationally that God exists.

In the long term, the Columbian exchange

increased world population because of the spread of new food crops.

The spread of Mongol control

laid the political foundation for a surge in long-distance trade.

The single biggest obstacle to the rise of a powerful Holy Roman Empire was

an ongoing conflict with the papacy.

The appearance of the plague in western European cities such as Florence was most strongly connected to

merchants and travelers along Eurasian long-distance trade networks.

took steps to reform the Catholic church.

the Spanish Catholic capture of Spain back from Islamic control.

Khubilai Khan employed foreigners like Marco Polo in administrative posts primarily

because the khan did not entirely trust his Chinese subjects.

Which of the following was NOT a major consequence of the crusades?

Expansion of Roman Catholic influence

Which of the following was NOT one of the main inspirations for European exploration?

the desire to conquer China and India

studbud

APWHM Final Exam Study Guide

100 termsStudBud Administration69 plays

This is all the questions from the tests without some of the doc-based questions. Some of the questions will have improper grammar and/or spelling because Quiz has a max character limit on questions and answers that I had to modify answers to meet. Enjoy!

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
The Dominicans and Franciscans
played a key role in financing the crusades.
were openly criticized in the high middle ages due to their vast wealth.
attacked materialism and allowed no personal possessions.
pushed for reconciliation among Christians, Jews, and Muslims.
2
Absolute ruler of France
Peter the Great
Hernán Cortés
Louis XIV
Oliver Cromwell
3
which of the following was not true about Yuan Dynasty rule
the Mongols took advantage of existing Chinese bureaucratic systems
Chinese culture was discouraged
Chinese subjects were forbidden to learn the Mongol language
many foreigners were brought in to fill government posts
4
The rise of Venice as an urban center was most connected with which development in western Europe?
Improvements in agricultural technology
Declining labor specialization in towns and cities
Expansion of manufacturing and trade
Moderate changes in demographic growth
5
The rural society depicted in the image above best reflects a social order least influenced by which of the following?
Feudalism
Serfdom
Theme system
Manorialism
6
European explorer who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe
Francisco Pizarro
Ferdinand Magellan
Captain James Cook
Prince Henry the Navigator
7
Which is true of the Aztec treatment of conquered people?
They practiced violence and human sacrifice on conquered peoples
They did not conquer other peoples
They forced diaspora on conquered peoples
They showed mercy and assimilated conquered peoples
8
Governments claiming limited powers & recognizing individual rights & representative institutions
Mercantilism
Constitutional states
Indentured servitude
Proto-industrialization
9
the great epic story of Mali is known as the
Mansa Musa
King's Journey
Adventures of the Lion
story of Sundiata
10
Latin American officials from Spain or Portugal; top of the social hierarchy
Mestizo
Taino
Peninsulares
Creoles
11
In Italy, the political structure was marked by
a series of city-states and principalities.
unification imposed from the outside by the Holy Roman Empire.
consolidated rule by the popes
a tightly centralized government.
12
Within the plantation societies of the French colonies, African slaves developed a belief system based on
worship of African deities and spirits.
a strictly European form of Christianity.
combined Christian and African traditions.
supernatural powers and witchcraft.
13
Christian churches carved from Rock were common in
Ethiopia
Gao
Mali
Ghana
14
Medieval social commentators often described the medieval social structure with the phrase
"the mandate of heaven."
"every man united in god and king."
"those who fight and those who work."
"those who pray, those who fight, and those who work."
15
Ended the Thirty Years’ War; set boundaries for independent, competing states in Europe
Society of Jesus
Council of Trent
Peace of Westphalia
Treaty of Tordesillas
16
The Yongle Encyclopedia
was influenced by the highly successful European encyclopedia of Diderot.
firmly entrenched the Yuan traditions in Chinese history.
signified a radical break with the past.
repped the Ming rulers' interest in supportng Chinese cltrl traditions
17
The Ming Dynasty's philosophy for ruling China was to
modernize on a European basis.
return to the model of traditional Chinese dynasties.
completely break with the past.
continue the highly successful Yuan policies.
18
The demographic effects of the plague in western Europe were most strongly characterized by which of the following?
Population declines with rapid recoveries
Population annihilation of entire communities
Population increases due to new births following the outbreaks
Population disruptions among only the lower classes
19
The Holy Roman Empire was essentially a regional state ruling mainly in
Italy.
Spain.
France.
Germany.
20
Global conflict that resulted in British dominance for 150 years
Seven Years’ War
Manila galleons
Thirty Years’ War
Northwest Passage
21
The guilds of the high middle ages
were extensions of the monasteries.
were designed to fight against the increasing materialism of the age.
usually admitted women as members.
were designed to fight for better wages from the factory owners.
22
The outbreak of the bubonic plague in the fourteenth century began in
Italy.
Africa.
India.
China.
23
Spanish courts in Latin America
Engenho
Encomienda
Audiencias
Hacienda
24
which of the following is an example of Chinese influence on Japan
writing system
the decline of the Shoguns
use of iron metallurgy
the spread of Islam to Japan
25
Which was NOT one of the main goals of Prince Henry the Navigator and Portugal in their west African explorations?
Participate in the gold trade
Discover new trade routes
Conquer new territories
Make alliances to combat Muslim power
26
Which of the following was a Moroccan legal scholar who traveled extensively and recorded his observations?
Marco Polo
Zheng He
Yongle
Ibn Battuta
27
“putting out system”, entrepreneurs gave materials to families in countryside to spin + weave, then sold goods in cities
Proto-industrialization
Mercantilism
Indentured servitude
Constitutional states
28
Which was most likely the main motivation for the intensification of Euro maritime exploration in 1200s-1300s
Search for fresh, arable lands
Spreading of the Christian faith
Exploitation of new resources
Lure of trade and new trade routes
29
Which of the following is a way in which the Aztec state differed politically from other imperial states of the time?
They had no formal bureaucracy
They expanded through military conquests as well as political marriages
They used the Quipu system of record-keeping
They used the tribute system for conquered states
30
Central to Renaissance thought was a(n)
deeply religious desire to withdraw from the world.
fascination with classical Greek and Roman art and philosophy.
appreciation for the art and thought of the middle ages.
appreciation of Confucian thought that had been brought by China.
31
Marco Polo's stories
convinced other Europeans that trade w/China was too dangerous to pursue.
had no role in expansion of Euro trade 'cause they lost til the recently
influenced countless Chinese to visit Europe.
influenced other Europeans to visit China.
32
Women in Aztec society
played a dominant role.
played a much more important role than in Inca society.
played almost no political role.
determined the identity of the emperor.
33
The long-term economic and social impact of the plague in western Europe was most strongly characterized by
regional conflicts and wars.
labor shortages and peasant rebellions.
loss of long-distance trade networks.
declining intercultural exchanges.
34
St. Thomas Aquinas
looked to the Cathars for inspiration.
stressed the importance of an emotional, unquestioning devotion to God.
believed that it was possible to prove rationally that God exists.
founded the Dominicans.
35
The Polynesians, without access to maritime technologies, used a navigational system mostly based on the development of
oral traditions and songs.
wayfinding techniques.
secret guilds of navigators.
astronomical positioning only.
36
In the long term, the Columbian exchange
had very little influence on world population figures.
increased world population because of the spread of new food crops.
brought a lasting decline in glob pop. because of the ravages of diseases
led to economic instability because of a glut of Chinese silver.
37
The spread of Mongol control
stopped all trade along the old Silk Roads immediately.
laid the political foundation for a surge in long-distance trade.
had little impact on trade at all.
resulted in a slow but permanent decline in trade.
38
The single biggest obstacle to the rise of a powerful Holy Roman Empire was
the recurring appearance of epidemic diseases.
occasional invasions from the Huns.
an ongoing conflict with the papacy.
continual invasions by the French.
39
The appearance of the plague in western European cities such as Florence was most strongly connected to
missionaries arriving from sub-Saharan regions of Africa.
military campaigns and sieges in central Asia.
mariners sailing from the Indian Ocean basin.
merchants and travelers along Eurasian long-distance trade networks.
40
Central to the philosophy of the high middle ages was the rediscovery of
Socrates.
Virgil.
Aristotle.
Galen.
41
The Council of Trent
took steps to reform the Catholic church.
rooted out the Arian heresy.
reached a compromise in the Protestant movement between Luther and Calvin.
launched the witch-hunts of the sixteenth century.
42
Jesuits; founded for higher education in the Roman Catholic faith as a result of the Catholic Reformation
Society of Jesus
Peace of Westphalia
Council of Trent
Treaty of Tordesillas
43
The reconquista was
the Portuguese trade route around the tip of Africa.
the Spanish Catholic capture of Spain back from Islamic control.
the reestablishment of native Chinese rule by defeating the Mongols.
the failed Islamic attempt to win back control over southern Italy.
44
Khubilai Khan employed foreigners like Marco Polo in administrative posts primarily
as a form of punishment against foreign governments.
because the khan did not entirely trust his Chinese subjects.
because of their cosmopolitan nature.
as an indirect means of holding them hostage.
45
Euro explorers looking for alt route to Asia via N. America rivers referred to this never-found route thru N. America as
Seven Years’ War
Manila galleons
Thirty Years’ War
Northwest Passage
46
Which of the following was NOT a major consequence of the crusades?
Cultural and technological exchanges
Expansion of Roman Catholic influence
Economic influence through trade networks
Agricultural diversity and diffusion of new crops
47
Ruler of Russia who tried to modernize Russian government and society
Emilie du Châtelet
Peter the Great
Louis XIV
Hernán Cortés
48
Which of the following was NOT one of the main inspirations for European exploration?
the desire to establish new trade routes to Asian markets
the desire to conquer China and India
the search for lands suitable for cultivation of cash crops
the desire to spread Christianity
49
The Hanseatic League was a trading network that operated in the
Indian Ocean.
North Sea and Baltic Sea.
Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea.
Atlantic Ocean
50
15th century Portuguese trade route that took advantage of prevailing winds and currents
Mita system
Volta do mar
Versailles
Conquistadores
51
Which of the following factors does NOT help explain the increased agricultural production of the high middle ages?
the introduction of new crops
the introduction of new technology
the use of new tools
government financial support
52
Spanish explorers who conquered large areas of Latin America in the sixteenth century
Mita system
Versailles
Volta do mar
Conquistadores
53
Which of the following was a consequence of the fourth crusade?
The sacking of Constantinople
The establishment of an Islamic regime in Constantinople
A new spirit of cooperation between Constantinople and western Europe
The reunion of the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches
54
The most destructive European conflict before the 20th century, fought over both religion and politics, was
Thirty Years' War.
Hundred Years' War.
Seven Years' War.
Franco-Prussian War.
55
Person of both Spanish and Native American heritage
Peninsulares
Taino
Creoles
Mestizo
56
Person of Spanish heritage born in the Americas
Creoles
Mestizo
Peninsulares
Taino
57
English colonization of N. America most differed from the Spanish in S. and Cen. America 'cause English colonists had
The use of funding from private investment companies
The formation of multicultural societies
The strong influence of royal authority in colonial affairs
The strong interest in converting the natives to Christianity
58
French palace showing the extreme wealth of the absolute monarchs of France
Volta do mar
Versailles
Conquistadores
Mita system
59
The Inca quipu was
a mnemonic aid consisting of small cords with knots.
a type of demon inhabiting the night, tempting the spiritually unprepared.
the head priest in charge of determining victims for human sacrifice.
the underground irrigation system that allowed for an agricultural surplus.
60
System that gave Spanish settlers the right to require forced labor from the native people in mines or fields
Engenho
Audiencias
Hacienda
Encomienda
61
The crusades
led to a slight decline in trade in the Mediterranean.
had virtually no impact on trade whatsoever.
stopped trade between the E. and W. Mediterranean 'cause of warfare.
increased trade between the eastern and western Mediterranean.
62
Travels, like those depicted in the map, led most directly to which of the following?
Increases in agricultural diversity and the spread of disease
Interregional conflicts based on religion
Declines in population growth and urbanization
Growing stagnation of cultural exchanges and networks
63
Which of the following was NOT a common result of the bubonic plague in western Europe?
a decline in population
labor shortages
a decrease in workers' wages
peasant rebellions caused by efforts to freeze wages
64
Empress of Russia during the Enlightenment
Maria Teresa I
Emilie du Châtelet
Motecuzoma II
Catherine the Great
65
In the Aztec social hierarchy, most of the honors and rewards went to the
priests.
military elite.
Bureaucrats.
farmers.
66
System for drafting labor; villages required to send 1/7 of males to work each year in jobs no one would volunteer to do
Volta do mar
Mita system
Versailles
Conquistadores
67
Perfected the moveable type printing press
Charles V
Isaac Newton
Johannes Gutenberg
Oliver Cromwell
68
Agreement between Portugal and Spain to split unconquered territories between the two nations
Peace of Westphalia
Treaty of Tordesillas
Council of Trent
Society of Jesus
69
Laborers exchanged their labor for 7 years in exchange for passage to the new world
Proto-industrialization
Indentured servitude
Constitutional states
Mercantilism
70
Which best represents the main appeal of investing in economic institutions such as joint-stock companies?
Shared risks on business ventures
Establishment of social status
Access to extensive trade networks
Guarantee of profitable returns
71
Holy Roman Emperor who tried to stop the Protestant Reformation
Charles V
Johannes Gutenberg
Oliver Cromwell
Isaac Newton
72
According to Mexica values, the primary role of women was
to bear children.
to serve as attendants in temples dedicated to the warrior cult.
to serve as priestesses in the mysterious Chavín cult.
serve as unofficial political/social leaders, men served as warriors.
73
one of the central factors in the establishment of trans-saharan trade was the
use of large Caravans of donkeys
increased use of the camel
spread of a common religion
invention of a wider horseshoe
74
The "chinampa system" refers to the
core of the Inca imperial administrative structure.
Inca system for memorizing facts without the use of a written language.
process by which the Aztecs determined victims for ritualistic sacrifice.
Aztec practice of dredging fertile muck from the lake's bottom.
75
Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the Hundred Years’ War?
An increase in nationalism in England and France
The end of mounted knights as a major military force
A decline in nationalism in England and France
The rise of standing armies in Western Europe
76
Which of the following was LEAST likely to have influenced agricultural development in thirteenth century Europe?
Dissemination of new crops through trade networks
Distribution of agricultural treatises among lay readers
Declines in the cultivation and breeding of domesticated animals
Observation and experimentation with new harvest techniques
77
The diffusion of American crops across the Atlantic most affected the peoples of the e. hemisphere through
exclusively non-food crops for medicinal purposes.
easy adaptability of all new crops to various growth environments.
introduction of cash crops for profit.
dietary diversity and population growth.
78
A Mexica woman who died in childbirth
suffered the greatest shame for her inability to serve the state.
won the same fame as warriors who died valiantly in battle.
was seen as a sign of the gods' displeasure with the tribe.
was denied the right to pass on to the afterworld.
79
In which of the following ways did rural life in western Europe and the Byzantine empire most strongly differ?
Landed elites in western Europe were more powerful than Byzantium elites.
Byzantium peasantry was stronger, freer class than peasants in W. Europe.
Trade networks of W. Europe allowed more access to tech advances than Byz
Agrcltr surpluses impacted pop. growth in Byz more than those in W. Europe.
80
Large Latin American estates
Encomienda
Audiencias
Engenho
Hacienda
81
Which of the following is true?
Aztecs had a moralistic religion, Inca state had human sacrifice
Aztecs had advtage in availability of beasts of burden, Inca had no advtage
Inca had powerful central government, Aztecs had no formal bureaucracy
Inca had little ctrl over markets, Aztec had gov ctrl over econ. activity
82
Which is an example of how Chinggis Khan restructured Mongol society in order to secure his rule
Consolidating military units among various clans
using the Chinese style civil service exam
Expulsion of all foreigners from his kingdom
uniting his subjects with one religion
83
Which of the following is NOT a notable achievement of Inca society?
Flourishing cities
A thriving free market system
Extensive road systems
United people through schools and a common language
84
Which of the following is true?
Polynesians and Australian Aboriginals both had a hunter/gatherer society
Polynesians and Australian Aboriginals both had an agricultural society
Polynesians had hunter/gatherer society; Aboriginals had agrcltrl society
Polynesians had agrcltrl society; Aboriginals had hunter/gatherer society
85
Zheng He was
the last powerful ruler of the Yuan dynasty.
the Chinese admiral who made seven journeys of exploration.
a Ming emperor intent on closing China off from foreign contact.
the founder of the Ming dynasty.
86
Which best represents the main difference between the Columbian exchange and the Islamic diffusions 700 to 1100 C.E.?
Columbian exchange involved exchanges of very different biological agents.
The Islamic diffusion would be experienced regionally and globally.
The Islamic diffusion had little demographic or economic impact.
The Columbian exchange had little demographic or economic impact.
87
Which of the following was NOT a factor in increasing agricultural production in the high middle ages Europe?
The introduction of chinampas rice from China
Experimentation with different cycles of crop rotation
Experimentation with new crops
The invention of the horse collar
88
Which of the following would be least affected by the Inca compulsory labor system?
Repair of roads and bridges
Expansion of the merchant class
Production of pottery and textiles
Public building construction
89
which of the following was not one of the khanates that resulted from the breakup of Chinggis Khan's Empire
Yuan Dynasty
ilkhanate of Persia
golden horde
Song Dynasty
90
In Spanish colonies, the influence of Catholicism and indigenous cultures led most directly to which of the following?
The declining influence of Spanish missionaries
The growth of underground pagan religions
The creation of mestizo society
The adoption of saints as national icons
91
Caribbean tribe that first came into contact with Columbus
Taino
Peninsulares
Creoles
Mestizo
92
The activities in the image above are best understood in the context of which of the following?
The exchange of cultural traditions within western Europe
The geographic limitations of rural European societies
The decline of agricultural production in early medieval Europe
The diffusion of technological innovations across Eurasia
93
Humanist moral philosophers believed that
people should withdraw from the world and dedicate themselves to prayer.
intellectual and moral excellence was dependent on a Byzantine model.
Greek and Roman ideas should be shunned 'cause theyre pagan.
people could lead morally virtuous lives while participating in the world.
94
Which is the best explanation for why Islam appealed to peopple of lower social status in India
Islam had no caste system
Islam encouraged class warefare
Buddhism taught works of mercy to the poor
Hinduism taught reincarnation based on karma
95
What is the last major landmass settled by people?
New Zealand
Indonesia
Australia
South America
96
Gunpowder had its origins in
France.
Persia.
India.
China.
97
Sugar mill in Brazil; came to refer to the whole complex world relating to the production of sugar
Encomienda
Hacienda
Audiencias
Engenho
98
which of the following was not an example of Eurasian steppe people adapting their lifestyle to their environment
Yurts
iron production
Cavalry
Kumiss
99
The Aztecs viewed human sacrifice as a(n)
necessary evil to maintain their alliance with the wealthy Inca.
essential ritual to ensure the world's survival.
form of state terrorism to terrify their enemies into submission.
means of mass entertainment.
100
Scientist who proved Copernicus’ helio-centric theory using his newly invented telescope
Oliver Cromwell
Isaac Newton
Johannes Gutenberg
Galileo

APWHM Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards | StudBud

APWHM Final Exam Study Guide

100 termsStudBud Administration69 plays

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
The Dominicans and Franciscans
played a key role in financing the crusades.
were openly criticized in the high middle ages due to their vast wealth.
attacked materialism and allowed no personal possessions.
pushed for reconciliation among Christians, Jews, and Muslims.
2
Absolute ruler of France
Peter the Great
Hernán Cortés
Louis XIV
Oliver Cromwell
3
which of the following was not true about Yuan Dynasty rule
the Mongols took advantage of existing Chinese bureaucratic systems
Chinese culture was discouraged
Chinese subjects were forbidden to learn the Mongol language
many foreigners were brought in to fill government posts
4
The rise of Venice as an urban center was most connected with which development in western Europe?
Improvements in agricultural technology
Declining labor specialization in towns and cities
Expansion of manufacturing and trade
Moderate changes in demographic growth
5
The rural society depicted in the image above best reflects a social order least influenced by which of the following?
Feudalism
Serfdom
Theme system
Manorialism
6
European explorer who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe
Francisco Pizarro
Ferdinand Magellan
Captain James Cook
Prince Henry the Navigator
7
Which is true of the Aztec treatment of conquered people?
They practiced violence and human sacrifice on conquered peoples
They did not conquer other peoples
They forced diaspora on conquered peoples
They showed mercy and assimilated conquered peoples
8
Governments claiming limited powers & recognizing individual rights & representative institutions
Mercantilism
Constitutional states
Indentured servitude
Proto-industrialization
9
the great epic story of Mali is known as the
Mansa Musa
King's Journey
Adventures of the Lion
story of Sundiata
10
Latin American officials from Spain or Portugal; top of the social hierarchy
Mestizo
Taino
Peninsulares
Creoles
11
In Italy, the political structure was marked by
a series of city-states and principalities.
unification imposed from the outside by the Holy Roman Empire.
consolidated rule by the popes
a tightly centralized government.
12
Within the plantation societies of the French colonies, African slaves developed a belief system based on
worship of African deities and spirits.
a strictly European form of Christianity.
combined Christian and African traditions.
supernatural powers and witchcraft.
13
Christian churches carved from Rock were common in
Ethiopia
Gao
Mali
Ghana
14
Medieval social commentators often described the medieval social structure with the phrase
"the mandate of heaven."
"every man united in god and king."
"those who fight and those who work."
"those who pray, those who fight, and those who work."
15
Ended the Thirty Years’ War; set boundaries for independent, competing states in Europe
Society of Jesus
Council of Trent
Peace of Westphalia
Treaty of Tordesillas
16
The Yongle Encyclopedia
was influenced by the highly successful European encyclopedia of Diderot.
firmly entrenched the Yuan traditions in Chinese history.
signified a radical break with the past.
repped the Ming rulers' interest in supportng Chinese cltrl traditions
17
The Ming Dynasty's philosophy for ruling China was to
modernize on a European basis.
return to the model of traditional Chinese dynasties.
completely break with the past.
continue the highly successful Yuan policies.
18
The demographic effects of the plague in western Europe were most strongly characterized by which of the following?
Population declines with rapid recoveries
Population annihilation of entire communities
Population increases due to new births following the outbreaks
Population disruptions among only the lower classes
19
The Holy Roman Empire was essentially a regional state ruling mainly in
Italy.
Spain.
France.
Germany.
20
Global conflict that resulted in British dominance for 150 years
Seven Years’ War
Manila galleons
Thirty Years’ War
Northwest Passage
21
The guilds of the high middle ages
were extensions of the monasteries.
were designed to fight against the increasing materialism of the age.
usually admitted women as members.
were designed to fight for better wages from the factory owners.
22
The outbreak of the bubonic plague in the fourteenth century began in
Italy.
Africa.
India.
China.
23
Spanish courts in Latin America
Engenho
Encomienda
Audiencias
Hacienda
24
which of the following is an example of Chinese influence on Japan
writing system
the decline of the Shoguns
use of iron metallurgy
the spread of Islam to Japan
25
Which was NOT one of the main goals of Prince Henry the Navigator and Portugal in their west African explorations?
Participate in the gold trade
Discover new trade routes
Conquer new territories
Make alliances to combat Muslim power
26
Which of the following was a Moroccan legal scholar who traveled extensively and recorded his observations?
Marco Polo
Zheng He
Yongle
Ibn Battuta
27
“putting out system”, entrepreneurs gave materials to families in countryside to spin + weave, then sold goods in cities
Proto-industrialization
Mercantilism
Indentured servitude
Constitutional states
28
Which was most likely the main motivation for the intensification of Euro maritime exploration in 1200s-1300s
Search for fresh, arable lands
Spreading of the Christian faith
Exploitation of new resources
Lure of trade and new trade routes
29
Which of the following is a way in which the Aztec state differed politically from other imperial states of the time?
They had no formal bureaucracy
They expanded through military conquests as well as political marriages
They used the Quipu system of record-keeping
They used the tribute system for conquered states
30
Central to Renaissance thought was a(n)
deeply religious desire to withdraw from the world.
fascination with classical Greek and Roman art and philosophy.
appreciation for the art and thought of the middle ages.
appreciation of Confucian thought that had been brought by China.
31
Marco Polo's stories
convinced other Europeans that trade w/China was too dangerous to pursue.
had no role in expansion of Euro trade 'cause they lost til the recently
influenced countless Chinese to visit Europe.
influenced other Europeans to visit China.
32
Women in Aztec society
played a dominant role.
played a much more important role than in Inca society.
played almost no political role.
determined the identity of the emperor.
33
The long-term economic and social impact of the plague in western Europe was most strongly characterized by
regional conflicts and wars.
labor shortages and peasant rebellions.
loss of long-distance trade networks.
declining intercultural exchanges.
34
St. Thomas Aquinas
looked to the Cathars for inspiration.
stressed the importance of an emotional, unquestioning devotion to God.
believed that it was possible to prove rationally that God exists.
founded the Dominicans.
35
The Polynesians, without access to maritime technologies, used a navigational system mostly based on the development of
oral traditions and songs.
wayfinding techniques.
secret guilds of navigators.
astronomical positioning only.
36
In the long term, the Columbian exchange
had very little influence on world population figures.
increased world population because of the spread of new food crops.
brought a lasting decline in glob pop. because of the ravages of diseases
led to economic instability because of a glut of Chinese silver.
37
The spread of Mongol control
stopped all trade along the old Silk Roads immediately.
laid the political foundation for a surge in long-distance trade.
had little impact on trade at all.
resulted in a slow but permanent decline in trade.
38
The single biggest obstacle to the rise of a powerful Holy Roman Empire was
the recurring appearance of epidemic diseases.
occasional invasions from the Huns.
an ongoing conflict with the papacy.
continual invasions by the French.
39
The appearance of the plague in western European cities such as Florence was most strongly connected to
missionaries arriving from sub-Saharan regions of Africa.
military campaigns and sieges in central Asia.
mariners sailing from the Indian Ocean basin.
merchants and travelers along Eurasian long-distance trade networks.
40
Central to the philosophy of the high middle ages was the rediscovery of
Socrates.
Virgil.
Aristotle.
Galen.
41
The Council of Trent
took steps to reform the Catholic church.
rooted out the Arian heresy.
reached a compromise in the Protestant movement between Luther and Calvin.
launched the witch-hunts of the sixteenth century.
42
Jesuits; founded for higher education in the Roman Catholic faith as a result of the Catholic Reformation
Society of Jesus
Peace of Westphalia
Council of Trent
Treaty of Tordesillas
43
The reconquista was
the Portuguese trade route around the tip of Africa.
the Spanish Catholic capture of Spain back from Islamic control.
the reestablishment of native Chinese rule by defeating the Mongols.
the failed Islamic attempt to win back control over southern Italy.
44
Khubilai Khan employed foreigners like Marco Polo in administrative posts primarily
as a form of punishment against foreign governments.
because the khan did not entirely trust his Chinese subjects.
because of their cosmopolitan nature.
as an indirect means of holding them hostage.
45
Euro explorers looking for alt route to Asia via N. America rivers referred to this never-found route thru N. America as
Seven Years’ War
Manila galleons
Thirty Years’ War
Northwest Passage
46
Which of the following was NOT a major consequence of the crusades?
Cultural and technological exchanges
Expansion of Roman Catholic influence
Economic influence through trade networks
Agricultural diversity and diffusion of new crops
47
Ruler of Russia who tried to modernize Russian government and society
Emilie du Châtelet
Peter the Great
Louis XIV
Hernán Cortés
48
Which of the following was NOT one of the main inspirations for European exploration?
the desire to establish new trade routes to Asian markets
the desire to conquer China and India
the search for lands suitable for cultivation of cash crops
the desire to spread Christianity
49
The Hanseatic League was a trading network that operated in the
Indian Ocean.
North Sea and Baltic Sea.
Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea.
Atlantic Ocean
50
15th century Portuguese trade route that took advantage of prevailing winds and currents
Mita system
Volta do mar
Versailles
Conquistadores
51
Which of the following factors does NOT help explain the increased agricultural production of the high middle ages?
the introduction of new crops
the introduction of new technology
the use of new tools
government financial support
52
Spanish explorers who conquered large areas of Latin America in the sixteenth century
Mita system
Versailles
Volta do mar
Conquistadores
53
Which of the following was a consequence of the fourth crusade?
The sacking of Constantinople
The establishment of an Islamic regime in Constantinople
A new spirit of cooperation between Constantinople and western Europe
The reunion of the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches
54
The most destructive European conflict before the 20th century, fought over both religion and politics, was
Thirty Years' War.
Hundred Years' War.
Seven Years' War.
Franco-Prussian War.
55
Person of both Spanish and Native American heritage
Peninsulares
Taino
Creoles
Mestizo
56
Person of Spanish heritage born in the Americas
Creoles
Mestizo
Peninsulares
Taino
57
English colonization of N. America most differed from the Spanish in S. and Cen. America 'cause English colonists had
The use of funding from private investment companies
The formation of multicultural societies
The strong influence of royal authority in colonial affairs
The strong interest in converting the natives to Christianity
58
French palace showing the extreme wealth of the absolute monarchs of France
Volta do mar
Versailles
Conquistadores
Mita system
59
The Inca quipu was
a mnemonic aid consisting of small cords with knots.
a type of demon inhabiting the night, tempting the spiritually unprepared.
the head priest in charge of determining victims for human sacrifice.
the underground irrigation system that allowed for an agricultural surplus.
60
System that gave Spanish settlers the right to require forced labor from the native people in mines or fields
Engenho
Audiencias
Hacienda
Encomienda
61
The crusades
led to a slight decline in trade in the Mediterranean.
had virtually no impact on trade whatsoever.
stopped trade between the E. and W. Mediterranean 'cause of warfare.
increased trade between the eastern and western Mediterranean.
62
Travels, like those depicted in the map, led most directly to which of the following?
Increases in agricultural diversity and the spread of disease
Interregional conflicts based on religion
Declines in population growth and urbanization
Growing stagnation of cultural exchanges and networks
63
Which of the following was NOT a common result of the bubonic plague in western Europe?
a decline in population
labor shortages
a decrease in workers' wages
peasant rebellions caused by efforts to freeze wages
64
Empress of Russia during the Enlightenment
Maria Teresa I
Emilie du Châtelet
Motecuzoma II
Catherine the Great
65
In the Aztec social hierarchy, most of the honors and rewards went to the
priests.
military elite.
Bureaucrats.
farmers.
66
System for drafting labor; villages required to send 1/7 of males to work each year in jobs no one would volunteer to do
Volta do mar
Mita system
Versailles
Conquistadores
67
Perfected the moveable type printing press
Charles V
Isaac Newton
Johannes Gutenberg
Oliver Cromwell
68
Agreement between Portugal and Spain to split unconquered territories between the two nations
Peace of Westphalia
Treaty of Tordesillas
Council of Trent
Society of Jesus
69
Laborers exchanged their labor for 7 years in exchange for passage to the new world
Proto-industrialization
Indentured servitude
Constitutional states
Mercantilism
70
Which best represents the main appeal of investing in economic institutions such as joint-stock companies?
Shared risks on business ventures
Establishment of social status
Access to extensive trade networks
Guarantee of profitable returns
71
Holy Roman Emperor who tried to stop the Protestant Reformation
Charles V
Johannes Gutenberg
Oliver Cromwell
Isaac Newton
72
According to Mexica values, the primary role of women was
to bear children.
to serve as attendants in temples dedicated to the warrior cult.
to serve as priestesses in the mysterious Chavín cult.
serve as unofficial political/social leaders, men served as warriors.
73
one of the central factors in the establishment of trans-saharan trade was the
use of large Caravans of donkeys
increased use of the camel
spread of a common religion
invention of a wider horseshoe
74
The "chinampa system" refers to the
core of the Inca imperial administrative structure.
Inca system for memorizing facts without the use of a written language.
process by which the Aztecs determined victims for ritualistic sacrifice.
Aztec practice of dredging fertile muck from the lake's bottom.
75
Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the Hundred Years’ War?
An increase in nationalism in England and France
The end of mounted knights as a major military force
A decline in nationalism in England and France
The rise of standing armies in Western Europe
76
Which of the following was LEAST likely to have influenced agricultural development in thirteenth century Europe?
Dissemination of new crops through trade networks
Distribution of agricultural treatises among lay readers
Declines in the cultivation and breeding of domesticated animals
Observation and experimentation with new harvest techniques
77
The diffusion of American crops across the Atlantic most affected the peoples of the e. hemisphere through
exclusively non-food crops for medicinal purposes.
easy adaptability of all new crops to various growth environments.
introduction of cash crops for profit.
dietary diversity and population growth.
78
A Mexica woman who died in childbirth
suffered the greatest shame for her inability to serve the state.
won the same fame as warriors who died valiantly in battle.
was seen as a sign of the gods' displeasure with the tribe.
was denied the right to pass on to the afterworld.
79
In which of the following ways did rural life in western Europe and the Byzantine empire most strongly differ?
Landed elites in western Europe were more powerful than Byzantium elites.
Byzantium peasantry was stronger, freer class than peasants in W. Europe.
Trade networks of W. Europe allowed more access to tech advances than Byz
Agrcltr surpluses impacted pop. growth in Byz more than those in W. Europe.
80
Large Latin American estates
Encomienda
Audiencias
Engenho
Hacienda
81
Which of the following is true?
Aztecs had a moralistic religion, Inca state had human sacrifice
Aztecs had advtage in availability of beasts of burden, Inca had no advtage
Inca had powerful central government, Aztecs had no formal bureaucracy
Inca had little ctrl over markets, Aztec had gov ctrl over econ. activity
82
Which is an example of how Chinggis Khan restructured Mongol society in order to secure his rule
Consolidating military units among various clans
using the Chinese style civil service exam
Expulsion of all foreigners from his kingdom
uniting his subjects with one religion
83
Which of the following is NOT a notable achievement of Inca society?
Flourishing cities
A thriving free market system
Extensive road systems
United people through schools and a common language
84
Which of the following is true?
Polynesians and Australian Aboriginals both had a hunter/gatherer society
Polynesians and Australian Aboriginals both had an agricultural society
Polynesians had hunter/gatherer society; Aboriginals had agrcltrl society
Polynesians had agrcltrl society; Aboriginals had hunter/gatherer society
85
Zheng He was
the last powerful ruler of the Yuan dynasty.
the Chinese admiral who made seven journeys of exploration.
a Ming emperor intent on closing China off from foreign contact.
the founder of the Ming dynasty.
86
Which best represents the main difference between the Columbian exchange and the Islamic diffusions 700 to 1100 C.E.?
Columbian exchange involved exchanges of very different biological agents.
The Islamic diffusion would be experienced regionally and globally.
The Islamic diffusion had little demographic or economic impact.
The Columbian exchange had little demographic or economic impact.
87
Which of the following was NOT a factor in increasing agricultural production in the high middle ages Europe?
The introduction of chinampas rice from China
Experimentation with different cycles of crop rotation
Experimentation with new crops
The invention of the horse collar
88
Which of the following would be least affected by the Inca compulsory labor system?
Repair of roads and bridges
Expansion of the merchant class
Production of pottery and textiles
Public building construction
89
which of the following was not one of the khanates that resulted from the breakup of Chinggis Khan's Empire
Yuan Dynasty
ilkhanate of Persia
golden horde
Song Dynasty
90
In Spanish colonies, the influence of Catholicism and indigenous cultures led most directly to which of the following?
The declining influence of Spanish missionaries
The growth of underground pagan religions
The creation of mestizo society
The adoption of saints as national icons
91
Caribbean tribe that first came into contact with Columbus
Taino
Peninsulares
Creoles
Mestizo
92
The activities in the image above are best understood in the context of which of the following?
The exchange of cultural traditions within western Europe
The geographic limitations of rural European societies
The decline of agricultural production in early medieval Europe
The diffusion of technological innovations across Eurasia
93
Humanist moral philosophers believed that
people should withdraw from the world and dedicate themselves to prayer.
intellectual and moral excellence was dependent on a Byzantine model.
Greek and Roman ideas should be shunned 'cause theyre pagan.
people could lead morally virtuous lives while participating in the world.
94
Which is the best explanation for why Islam appealed to peopple of lower social status in India
Islam had no caste system
Islam encouraged class warefare
Buddhism taught works of mercy to the poor
Hinduism taught reincarnation based on karma
95
What is the last major landmass settled by people?
New Zealand
Indonesia
Australia
South America
96
Gunpowder had its origins in
France.
Persia.
India.
China.
97
Sugar mill in Brazil; came to refer to the whole complex world relating to the production of sugar
Encomienda
Hacienda
Audiencias
Engenho
98
which of the following was not an example of Eurasian steppe people adapting their lifestyle to their environment
Yurts
iron production
Cavalry
Kumiss
99
The Aztecs viewed human sacrifice as a(n)
necessary evil to maintain their alliance with the wealthy Inca.
essential ritual to ensure the world's survival.
form of state terrorism to terrify their enemies into submission.
means of mass entertainment.
100
Scientist who proved Copernicus’ helio-centric theory using his newly invented telescope
Oliver Cromwell
Isaac Newton
Johannes Gutenberg
Galileo