What is the limnetic zone of a freshwater lake?

open, sunlit surface layer away from shore

What is a keystone species?

a species on which other species in an ecosystem depend on

Why is carbon important to life?

it is the background of structures

What is secondary succession?

succession in which plants are gone but soil remains

What is an ecosystem service?

benefits provided by an ecosystem

What is the formula for population growth?

(Births + immigration) - (deaths + emigration)

Which of the following is NOT a way that humans alter the carbon cycle?

using sustainable forestry methods

What is the top layer of a freshwater lake called? What does it consist of?

littoral, near the shore shallow sunlit waters

Which of the following is a correct example of a food chain?

grass -> grasshopper -> lizard -> snake

What is the living world?

Behavior which allows organisms to adapt to the environment

What is species richness?

the number of species present in a sample

Why is a flycatcher a good example of evolution?

it has become a carnivore to reduce competition for sunlight

What type of roots do plants in a temperate rainforests have? Why?

short roots, there is minimal water stress

What is the general latitude range for a temperate deciduous forest?

25 to 50 degrees in both directions

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APES - Review for Final

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All things breathing and the ways that they interact with, evolve with, and effect other species, abiotic factors, and the world as a whole. #apenvironmentalsciencereview

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Answers

1
What is the limnetic zone of a freshwater lake?
inhabited by decomposers
layer of deep, open water
zone near the shore
open, sunlit surface layer away from shore
2
What is a keystone species?
a species on which other species in an ecosystem depend on
a species that, if removed, would not impact the ecosystem
a species that resembles a key
a species that unlocks the potential of a biome
3
Why is carbon important to life?
it is important for the formation of amino acids
it is a type of carbohydrate
it has a short cycle, so it is readily available
it is the background of structures
4
The Norway Rat is an example of a(n) _____ species.
invasive
generalist
endemic
specialist
5
What is resource partitioning?
species that compete for resources evolve specialized traits
species use resources at different times
species use resources in different ways
all of the above
6
The American Alligator is an example of a(n) _____ species.
keystone
indicator
generalist
endemic
7
What is secondary succession?
a large forest containing many secondary consumers
succession in which plants grow strong
succession in an area without soil or sediments
succession in which plants are gone but soil remains
8
The distribution of many aquatic organisms is determined largely by the water's ____?
number of plankton
oxygen level
salinity
life zones
9
___ occurs when one organisms feeds on another organism, usually by living on or in the host.
commensalism
parasitism
mutualism
intraspecific competition
10
What is an ecosystem service?
the relative abundance of a species in an ecosystem
benefits provided by an ecosystem
cutting down trees and burning the area for farmland
the number of species in an ecosystem
11
What is the formula for population growth?
Births / Deaths
(Births + immigration) - (deaths + emigration)
Births - Deaths
(births + deaths) + (immigration + emigration)
12
Which of the following is NOT a way that humans alter the carbon cycle?
using sustainable forestry methods
extracting and burning fossil fuels
clear cutting of carbon absorbing vegetation
increased concentration of greenhouse gases
13
Fill in the blank. Precipitation -> Runoff -> ______ -> Transpiration -> Condensation
smog
precipitation
evaporation
ocean deposting
14
Usable energy ________ with each link in a food chain or web.
remains the same
decreases
increases
spontaneously combusts
15
What is the largest reservoir of water?
rivers
oceans
streams
ice
16
A sharp increase in water depth at the edge of the continental shelf is called _______.
closed sea
open sea
intertidal zone
break off point
17
Where are most tropical rain forests found?
Canada
Around the equator
polar ice caps
Tropic of Cancer
18
Which of the following is a way that humans alter the water cycle?
increased risk of flooding
increase pollutants in runoff
all of the above
reduce infiltration
19
____ is when a member of one species feeds directly on a member of another species.
Predation
Mutualism
Commensalism
Prey
20
The Giant Panda is an example of a(n) _____ species.
specialist
generalist
indicator
invasive
21
What is the top layer of a freshwater lake called? What does it consist of?
littoral, near the shore shallow sunlit waters
none of the above
benthic, bottom where decomposers are
limnetic, open sunlit surface layer away from shore
22
Which of the following is a correct example of a food chain?
grass <- grasshopper <- lizard <- snake
grass -> grasshopper -> lizard -> snake
grass -> grasshopper -> snake -> sunflower
snake -> lizard -> grasshopper -> grass
23
We have more than ___ the annual release of nitrogen from the land due to inorganic fertilizers
doubled
halved
tripled
quadrupled
24
What is sulfur dioxide?
gas released by volcanos
all of the above
poisonous
colorless
25
Which of the following do humans NOT extract from sulfur containing compounds in rocks
metals
all of the above are extracted
gold
copper
26
Which of the following is NOT a dominant plant species in a polar grassland?
lichens
mosses
broad leaf trees
heaths
27
What is the living world?
Behavior which allows organisms to adapt to the environment
A TV show based off of The Walking Dead
All biotic and abiotic factors found in the environment
A collection of people who survived the Apocalypse
28
Which of the following is the correct formula for photosynthesis?
O2 + C6H12O6 -> CO2 + H2O
CO2 + H2O -> O2 + C6H12O6
none of the above
H2O + C6H12O6 -> O2 + CO2
29
Which of the following is a characteristic of biodiversity?
genetic variability among individuals within a species
variety of ecosystems
variety of different species
all of the above
30
Which is the layer of a freshwater lake that is mostly inhabited by decomposers?
limnetic
littoral
profundal
benthic
31
Which of the following is an example of a tropical seasonal forest?
Harare, Zimbabwe
Moscow, Russia
Reno, Nevada
Montpelier, Vermont
32
Which of the following is an accurate predator-prey relationship?
rabbit- butterfly
goldfish- lion
brown bear- salmon
fish- eagle
33
How much usable energy is lost at each trophic level? How?
90%, heat
90%, another animal stead it
10%, heat
10%, another animal steals it
34
What is the largest reservoir of carbon?
ice
marine sediments
rocks
atmosphere
35
What ecosystem service do coral reefs NOT provide?
food source
provides habitats and jobs
protects coastline from erosion and storms
water purification
36
Interspecific competition involves _____ species interacting to use the same limited resource
the same
only ever two
one
two or more
37
A lake with a large supply of nutrients is called a _______ lake.
benthic
oligotrophic
eutrophic
euphotic
38
Fill in the blanks. fixation -> nitrification -> ________ -> _________ -> denitrifcation
assimilation, ammonification
fixation, assimilation
ammonification, assimilation
denitrification, assimilation
39
Saltwater covers ____% of the earth's surface.
56
100
71
99
40
What is species richness?
the same thing as species eveness
how close in numbers each species in an environment are
the number of species present in a sample
How rich a particular species tastes when eaten
41
The Galapagos Tortoise is an example of a(n) ______ species.
keystone
indicator
endemic
generalist
42
Which of the following is phosphate NOT incorporated into?
proteins
bones
nucleic acids
teeth
43
Which of the following is an example of an invasive species?
Praying Mantis
Penguin
Zebra Mussels
Zebra
44
_________ is when one species splits into two or more different species.
specialization
species diversity
speciation
evolution
45
Which of the following is an example of a coastal zone in aquatic systems?
estuaries
coastal marshes
all of the above
mangrove forests
46
Why is a flycatcher a good example of evolution?
It has adapted a smell that repels predators
it has gone extinct
it is the most populous plant in the world
it has become a carnivore to reduce competition for sunlight
47
What ecosystem service does a wetland NOT provide?
water purification
insect control
fishing
scenic enjoyment
48
What type of roots do plants in a temperate rainforests have? Why?
short roots, there is minimal water stress
long roots, they feed the worms underground
short roots, they are small plants
long roots, they need to reach groundwater
49
What is the general latitude range for a temperate deciduous forest?
25 to 70 degrees south of the equtor
less than 10 degrees north of the tropic of cancer
60 to 80 degrees north of the equator
25 to 50 degrees in both directions
50
_______ can NOT be readily absorbed and used by plants.
Water
NH3-
nitrates
N2
51
Intraspecific competition involves _____ species interacting to use the same limited resource
two
three
one
four or more
52
Which of the following is NOT a reservoir for phosphorus?
atmosphere
ocean bottom sediments
terrestrial rock formations
phosphate salts containing phosphate ions
53
Which of the following is carbon NOT a basic building block of?
nucleic acids
protiens
lipids
minerals
54
Phosphorus has a(n) ____ cycle compared to water, carbon, and nitrogen.
similar
average
very slow
fast
55
Lakes that have a small supply of plant nutrients are called ______ lakes.
euphotic
eutrophic
oligotrophic
nutrient rich
56
What determines the type of biome an area will have?
location
types of plants and animals found there
all of the above
climate
57
What is the profundal zone of a freshwater lake?
bottom layer where decomposers live
open water where it is too dark for photosynthesis
zone near the shore with sunlit waters
open, sunlit surface layer
58
2 islands that have different extinction rates and distances from the mainland are explained by
biodiversity
island geography
biogeography
position relative to the equator
59
How much usable energy is available at each trophic level?
100%
10%
20%
90%
60
____ is an interaction that benefits both species.
mutualism
predation
commensalism
parasitism
61
What does the acronym BOD refer to?
biological occurrence demand
biological oxygen demand
biology of demand
biological oxygen decomposition
62
Freshwater covers ___% of the earth's surface.
3
5
2.2
4.1
63
What is the average temperature range for a cold desert?
approx. -100 to -50 degrees C
There are no "cold" deserts
approx. 10 to 57 degrees C
approx. -5 to 17 degrees C
64
Kudzu is an example of a(n) ______ species.
invasive
specialist
endemic
keystone
65
Which of the following is not found in a temperate desert?
Chinese Mountain Cat
ground hugging shrubs
Golden Orb Spider
turpentine bush
66
Sulfur is an essential nutrient for which of the following?
kertain
proteins
amino acids
all of the above
67
Which of the following is an example of an endemic species?
golden toad
rabbit
rattlesnake
elephant
68
Which of the following is NOT a major life zone for marine life?
open sea
atmosphere
coastal zone
ocean bottom
69
What ecosystem service does a honey bee provide?
decompose waste
pollination
insect control
kills weeds
70
Why are there no trees in temperate grasslands?
Buffalo knock them down
there isn't enough rain
fire prevents trees from growing
there are trees in a temperate grassland
71
The Tiger Salamander is an example of a(n) ______ species.
indicator
specialist
generalist
keystone
72
What is the largest reservoir of nitrogen?
rocks
atmosphere
humans
sediments
73
What ecosystem service does the water cycle provide?
insect control
pretty waterfalls
protects coastline from erosion
natural purification of drinking water
74
What ecosystem service does a bat provide?
protects coastline
pollination
decompose waste
insect control
75
What is species evenness?
making sure every species has a fair chance of survial
the number of species present
the total population of a species throughout the world
how close in numbers each species in an environment are
76
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a K- selected species?
fewer offspring
raise their young
short life span
reproduce later in life
77
What is a biome?
A small rat-like creature
The approximate temperature range of a habitat
A large naturally occurring community of flora and fauna
A place where an animals chooses to live
78
_______ is an interaction that benefits one species but has little or no effect on the other.
parasitism
commensalism
mutualism
predation
79
What is primary succession?
succession in an area with soil and bottom sediments
a very large forest filled with primary consumers
large trees that were planted 200 years ago
succession in an area without soil or bottom sediments
80
Which of the following is an adaptation that is used for life in a tropical rainforest?
bears use trees to scratch their backs
monkeys have prehensile tails for life in the trees
cacti store water due to lack of rainfall
anteaters have long tongues that help them reach ants
81
What ecosystem service does a forest NOT provide?
processed wood and paper
fuel and fodder
decompose waste
timber
82
Which of the following is the correct chemical formula for cellular respiration?
O2 + CO2 -> C6H12O6 + H2O
CO2 +H2O -> C6H12O6
C6H12O6 + CO2 -> H2O + O2
H2O + C6H12O6 -> O2 + CO2
83
Which of the given biomes has low plant diversity, deciduous trees, and a slow growing season
temperate desert
boreal
temperate grassland
tropical rainforest
84
What is an ecological niche?
Where a species lives
How many members of a species the ecosystem can hold
Where a species chooses to hunt
when each species plays a role in its ecosystem
85
What are edge effects?
a road built in the middle of a large forest
species fragmentation due to a structure between habitats
all of the above
changes that occur at the boundary between two habitats
86
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of plankton?
all of the above are charactertics
free-floating
strong swimmers
weakly swimming
87
Which of the following is very important for the process of making amino acids?
carbon
nitrogen
water
phosphorus
88
What ecosystem service do bacteria provide?
timber
decompose waste
insect control
habitats
89
What do ecologists use to classify lakes?
primary productivity
nutrient content and primary productivity
comsumers
nutrient content
90
How do consumers take in carbon?
their body naturally makes carbon
none of the above
it infiltrates their skin while sunbathing
they ingest producers or other consumers
91
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the soil found in temperate rainforests?
nutrient rich
damp
dark
nutrient poor
92
How were zebra mussels introduced into their non-native habitat?
carried on the underbelly of whales
drifted through the strong El Nino Ocean currents
The ballast water of ships
using their tongues as legs, they walked across the ocean
93
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a tropical desert?
less than 15 cm of rain per year
large growing plants such as mosses
little vegetation
soil is sandy and coarse
94
Which biome has the highest annual precipitation (cm)?
taiga
tropical rain forest
tropical grassland
tundra
95
What is the largest reservoir of phosphorus?
marine sediments
rocks in the ocean
atmosphere
ice
96
What does the acronym GMO refer to?
genetically manufactured organisms
Greenhouse magnification in organisms
genetically modified organisms
generally modified organisms
97
______ powers evaporation, precipitation, and transpiration.
plants
the sun
gravity
mamals
98
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a r-selected species
lots of offpsring
short life span
have few offspring
don't raise their young
99
Coral reefs provide homes for _____ of all marine species.
1/2
1/4
1/3
1/5
100
The shoreline between low and high tides is called the ______?
intratidal zone
tidal zone
intertidal zone
tide zone

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