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HGD & Developmental Psychology Quiz for adolescence and young adulthood Flashcards | StudBud
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HGD & Developmental Psychology Quiz for adolescence and young adulthood
HGD & Developmental Psychology Quiz for adolescence and young adulthood
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1
Belief that one cannot be overcome or even harmed by anything that might defeat a normal mortal
personal fable
invincibility fable
adolescent egocentrism
sensation seeking
2
How did Erikson's psychosocial theory define identity?
grasping one's unique characteristics, how they have been, are & will be
a person's perspective on the world around him
none of these options
enduring traits, temperaments, and strengths one maintains over lifespan
3
Belief that events in one's life are controlled by a mentally constructed autobiography (have control over one's life)
imaginary audience
adolescent egocentrism
invicibility fable
personal fable
4
What is true about Sternberg's triangular theory of love?
all of the above
Consummate love - only one that contains all 3 of the levels
proposed that there are different components and types of love.
well matched if they have similar levels of passion, intimacy, & commitment
5
Which of the following statements is NOT true about self-esteem in adolescence?
Boys and girls have rising self-esteem during adolescence.
this is a trick question because these are all true
High self-esteem is associated with positive developmental outcomes.
Self-esteem rises through teen yrs. but drops at the beginning of puberty.
6
What is anorexia nervosa?
eating behavior goes beyond everyday experiences w/trying to lose weight
all of the above
characterized by a fear of being fat
involves severe calorie restriction and becoming significantly underweight
7
Risk factors for postpartum depression include all of the following EXCEPT
none of the above - this is a trick question
elevated hormone levels late in pregnancy, maternal family history of PPD
depressed during pregnancy, unexpected pregnancy, & father unsupportive
significant sleep deprivation, lack of family help, Vitamin D deficiency
8
What do we know about schooling and how it impacts adolescents?
all of the above
Transition between schools often impairs a teen's ability to function
In middle school there is a shift from task to ability goals
1st year in any new school correlates with declines in academic performance
9
What is a reputation-based group?
red triangle, blue diamond
a group where the teen identifies either by choice or by peer designation
four to six young people who are strongly attached to one another
none of the above
10
What do we know about secondary sex characteristics?
They are directly involved in sexual reproduction
red triangle, blue diamond
These are physical traits that are not directly involved in reproduction
they are what make a girl look like a girl and a boy look like a boy.
11
What is secondary education?
period after primary education (elementary or grade school)
school for children in grades 9-12
period before post secondary education
yellow circle, blue diamond
12
How is Levinson's model of adult development organized?
Regards formation of intimate relationships as central developmental task
all of the above
During period of transition, structure is reexamined.
Each stable life structure is followed by period of transition
13
What is fluid intelligence?
idea of post formal thought based on Piaget's cognitive development theory
all of the above
Speed measures of abstract reasoning
Steady decline throughout lifespan
14
What is or what are the contributing factor(s) behind suicide attempts during adolescence?
Some triggering stressful event
An opportunity
all of these
An altered mental state
15
What are task goals?
a made-up term I put in here to make sure you were paying attention
based on personal standards and the desire to become more competent
define success in competitive terms
successful intervention strategies
16
What are some of the factors which do NOT influence a person's career choice?
high school and college preparation related to career
horoscope
individual personality traits
uncertainty about job security, the employment market, & job opportunities
17
Based on 2 key parts of Marcia's Theory of Identity Achievement with crisis and commitment, what's identity diffusion?
An adolescent is in a crisis but has made no commitment
A commitment has been made without going through a crisis
An teen is not in the midst of a crisis and who has not made a commitment
Attainment of identity, has been through a crisis and reached a commitment
18
Based on the 2 key parts of Marcia's Theory of Identity Achievement with crisis and commitment, what is crisis?
a period of decision making in which old values and choices are reexamined
follow some specific role, value, goal, or ideology
Attainment of identity, has been through a crisis and reached a commitment
a sense of global self-worth
19
During adolescence, how is a clique defined?
4-6 young people who are strongly attached to one another; often same sex
all of the above
larger sets that include males and females
popular between 13 and 15, when teen is most vulnerable to peer pressure
20
What are the substances that are often abused?
depressants
hallucinogens
all of the above
stimulants
21
Based on the 2 key parts of Marcia's Theory of Identity Achievement with crisis and commitment, what is moratorium?
An adolescent is in a crisis
An adolescent has made no commitment
A commitment has been made without going through a crisis
red triangle, yellow circle
22
How does the experience of post-secondary education differ between males and females?
Males at greater risk of academic disengagement, risk behaviors.
Male behavior may arise from the desire to assert masculine identity.
Women study twice as much as men; Men party twice as much as women.
all of these are often (but not always) true
23
What are some factors which make earlier sexual activity more likely?
more likely to be neglected/abused, started puberty earlier
poverty, lack of adult supervision, more likely to use alcohol
red triangle, yellow circle
belief premarital sex is wrong, attending religious services
24
During adolescence, how are crowds defined?
teen is most likely to display greatest conformity to peer pressure in them
blue diamond, green square
a group where the teen identifies either by choice or by peer designation
larger sets w/males & females; popular between 13 and 15 yrs. of age
25
What are ability goals?
another term for secular trend
absolutely nothing to do with the chapters you have been studying
define success in competitive terms
based on personal standards and the desire to become more competent
26
What is Postpartum Depression?
postpartum psychosis
much more common than most people realize yet rarely talked about during it
yellow circle, blue diamond
Feelings of profound sadness for weeks after birth & sometimes longer
27
What do we know about mate selection?
People are drawn by similarities in age, education, social class- homogamy
High-income-earning women select high-income-earning males.
red triangle, blue diamond
none of these options
28
Based on 2 key parts of Marcia's Theory of Identity Achievement with crisis and commitment, what's identity achievement?
An adolescent is in a crisis but has made no commitment
Attainment of identity, has been through a crisis and reached a commitment
A commitment has been made without going through a crisis
An adolescent is not in the midst of a crisis & has not made a commitment
29
What are some traits of individuals who are affected by anorexia nervosa?
red triangle, yellow circle
Affected individuals voluntarily under-eat & over-exercise.
Affected individuals overeat and binge on unhealthy foods.
Affected individuals deprive their vital organs of nutrition.
30
What is the current relationship between emerging adulthood and families?
red triangle, blue diamond
Parents continue to be crucial influences after age 18—more than in past.
none of the above
Happiness of emerging adults living w/parents depends on economy & culture
31
What is bulimia nervosa?
red triangle, blue diamond
usually involves vomiting and/or use of laxatives.
Eating disorder characterized by binge eating and subsequent purging
usually involves starvation without binging
32
What is NOT a common characteristic with female college students?
lower graduation rates
inconsistent graduation rates
higher graduation rates
higher entrance exam scores
33
What do we know about couples who cohabitate?
Either fully committed to future marriage or ambiguous
all of the above
Less homogamous or similar to each other
Less satisfied when married and more likely to divorce
34
A teen who is questioning her sexual orientation would be what?
gay
trans
straight
unsure
35
If a parent wanted to encourage his teen to postpone sexual activity until he was older, he should do what?
limit adult supervision
allow teen to use alcohol and drugs
encourage participation in school activities, discourage drinking alcohol
red triangle, yellow circle
36
What do we know about mental health during young adulthood?
Highest expectations & levels of role conflict & role strain may occur then
Most common issues - anxiety, mood, substance problems - varies by sex
all of the above
possible mental health issues due to brain changes, biology, expectations
37
What are a couple of mental health challenges I told you during class discussions could be fatal to sufferers?
eating disorders
depression
all of the above
substance abuse and dependence
38
internal set of behavioral standards from a teen's peer group (belief that others are watching and taking notes of teen)
personal fable
imaginary audience
adolescent egocentrism
invicibility fable
39
What do we know about traditional students?
all of these are true
Now only one-quarter of enrollees
Half obtain a degree within six years
Enroll in school full-time directly after graduation.
40
What do we know about nontraditional students?
all of these could be true about nontraditional students
May delay entry into college;independent from parents
Employed full time; enrolled part time
Have children; possess a GED rather than a high school diploma
41
Which of the following is NOT true about parenthood?
none of the above
transition to parenthood is stressful & happens with other ongoing changes
85% of parents cite relationships with their children as most fulfilling
the transition to parenthood is smooth
42
What do we know is NOT true about marital satisfaction and parenthood?
this is a trick question because all of these are true
Division w/labor issues fuel dissatisfaction; extended family support helps
a baby brings couples closer together and improves marital satisfaction.
Effective conflict-resolution strategies must be established before birth.
43
What do we know about reproduction in young adulthood?
red triangle, yellow circle
Women's reproductive capacity begins to drop in their mid-20s
Men's capacity diminishes but remains intact.
Both men and women eventually lose their ability to reproduce.
44
identity crisis
emotional turmoil arises when adolescents' sense of self becomes "unglued"
red triangle, blue diamond
Erikson's theory explaining how a more mature sense of self can be achieved
proposed that identity formation has two key parts
45
What is the belief that one's thoughts, feelings, beliefs, and experiences are unique?
personal fable
none of the above
task fable
adolescent egocentrism
46
What do we know about how sexual orientation develops?
Few accept their sexuality if they are not straight during adolescence
all of the above
The realization begins in middle school.
Twin studies suggest a partly biological basis.
47
What are some of the most common consequences of divorce?
increased physical and emotional illness, serious economic hardships
Strong feelings of failure, loss of self-esteem, and loneliness
disruption of sequence and timing of family roles
all of the above
48
What causes depression in teens?
biology
all of the above
low self-esteem
environmental factors (ex. living with depressed parent)
49
What do we know about substance use and substance abuse during young adulthood?
none of the above
Binge drinking is common among college students, but dependence may occur.
red triangle, blue diamond
Peaks between 18-40; males are at higher risk than females.
50
Based on the 2 key parts of Marcia's Theory of Identity Achievement with crisis and commitment, what is foreclosure?
Attainment of identity, has been through a crisis and reached a commitment
An teen is not in the midst of a crisis and who has not made a commitment
A commitment has been made without going through a crisis
An adolescent is in a crisis but has made no commitment
51
Regarding partner abuse, what are some characteristics of abusers and victims associated with intimate partner abuse?
red triangle, yellow circle
cultural attitudes, gender-role prescriptions, personality traits
none of these
Victims may develop anxiety, depression, shame, and low self-esteem.
52
What is spermarche?
abstinence and contraceptive education
for males, first ejaculation (avg. age is 13-14)
Majority occur during late adolescence and most often after high school
later age of sexual activity initiation
53
Which of the following does NOT describe crystalized intelligence?
Remains steady throughout early and middle adulthood
Steady decline throughout lifespan
Depends heavily on education and experience
Ability to do daily tasks, such as read a newspaper
54
What do we know about teenage pregnancy?
none of these options are true
Majority occur before high school
Majority occur during high school
Majority occur during late adolescence and most often after high school
55
Based on the 2 key parts of Marcia's Theory of Identity Achievement with crisis and commitment, what is commitment?
a period of decision making in which old values and choices are reexamined
identity formation
all of the above
follow some specific role, value, goal, or ideology
56
How does Erikson's stage of identity vs. role confusion explain adolescence?
5th stage of development, where the person tries to figure out "Who am I?"
Attainment of identity, has been through a crisis and reached a commitment
Commitment: follow some specific role, value, goal, or ideology
a period of decision making in which old values and choices are reexamined
57
Which of the following is NOT true about suicide with adolescents?
Boys are more likely to use lethal methods.
Girls think about suicide more; boys are 5 Xs as likely to commit suicide.
all of the above are actually true
Depression is 1 factor; family hx of suicide or drug use is often present.
58
What is menarche?
physical traits that are not directly involved in reproduction
for males, first ejaculation (avg. age is 13-14)
secondary sex characteristics during puberty
for females, first menstrual cycle (avg. age is 12)
59
Sometimes adults delay parenthood. What are some of the decisions that lead to adults delaying parenthood?
economic and financial concerns about providing for a child
all of the above
Enrolled in post-secondary education
Delayed marriage & believe best environment for raising kids is in marriage
60
Factors Influencing Addictive Potential of Drugs include all of the following EXCEPT
How effectively the drug produces euphoria or reduces pain
How much comfort is experienced when use is discontinued
How long the pleasurable effects last
How quickly the effects are felt
