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Milady Chapter 12 Basics of Chemistry Flashcards | StudBud
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Milady Chapter 12 Basics of Chemistry
Milady Chapter 12 Basics of Chemistry
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1
Substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products are _____
volatile alcohols
alkanolamines
carbons
silicones
2
There are _____ naturally occurring elements, each with its own distinct physical and chemical properties
138
118
90
68
3
Change in the form of a substance that does not cause a chemical reaction is a(n) _____ change
chemical
anion
physical
matter
4
A solution with a pH value of seven indicates a(n) _____ solution
acidic
volatile
alkaline
neutral
5
The chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements produces a(n) _____
compound
solution
neutral
acid
6
Substances that allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify, are ____
surfactants
suspensions
particles
mixtures
7
Chemically combining two or more atoms produces a _____
molecule
miscible
mixture
substance
8
What is the study of substances that lack the element carbon, but may contain the element hydrogen?
Physical chemistry
Inorganic chemistry
Biochemistry
Stereochemistry
9
A substance, usually liquid, that dissolves another substance to form a solution is a(n) _____
solvent
solid
immiscible
solute
10
What state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?
Gas
Vapor
Liquid
Solid
11
A common volatile organic compound used in hair spray is _____
ethyl alcohol
hydrogen peroxide
ionized water
ammonia water
12
A sweet, colorless, oily substance that is used as a moisturizer in skin and body creams is _____
alkanolamines
ammonia
glycerin
silicone
13
Water and alcohol _____
form distinct layers when combined
form a suspension when mixed together
are insoluble substances
are examples of miscible liquids
14
What term refers to the separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions?
Aeration
Ionization
Deionization
Dissolution
15
“Having an affinity or attraction to fat and oils (oil-loving)” is defined as _____
oligophilic
oxyphilic
lyophilic
lipophilic
16
Mutually soluble liquids that can be mixed together to form clear solutions are _____
miscible
solvents
fusible
compatible
17
Sodium chloride is an example of a(n) _____
element
mineral
compound molecule
atom
18
An unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances is a(n) _____
solution
emulsion
suspension
synthesis
19
A chemical combination of matter in definite (fixed) proportions is a _____
pure combination
pure substance
physical mixture
physical blend
20
The basic unit of matter, with a nucleus surrounded by electrons that move around the nucleus in orbits, is a(n) _______
neutron
proton
ion
atom
21
The simplest form of chemical matter that cannot be broken down without the loss of identity is a(n) _____
substance
element
mineral
energy
22
What type of chemical reaction results in the oxidizing agent being reduced and the reducing agent being oxidized?
Redox
Neutralization
Decomposition
Simple displacement
23
The oxidation of haircolor is an example of a _____
reversible process
change in the state of matter
chemical change
physical change
24
The branch of science that applies to substances that contain carbon is called _____ chemistry
organic
structural
inorganic
environmental
25
What is an example of an oil-in-water emulsion of two immiscible liquids?
Cold cream
Glycerin
Nail primer
Silicone
26
Chemical reactions that are characterized by giving off heat are ____
acidic
oxidized
exothermic
neutralized
27
What is an example of an ammonia compound that is used to perform chemical services in a salon?
Ionization hydroxide
Ammonium hydroxide
Silicone solutions
Cetyl alcohol
28
The rapid oxidation of a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light, is known as _____
entropy
combustion
synthesis
implosion
29
Air contains many substances, including nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor, and is an example of a _____
physical mixture
chemical change
pure substance
chemical compound
30
An ion with a positive electrical charge is considered to be _____
neutral
an anion
a cation
nonaqueous
31
An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge is a(n) _____
ion
current
conductor
electrolyte
32
All haircolor products are organic chemicals, which means they _____
lack carbon but may contain hydrogen
contain carbon and hydrogen
are natural and healthy
contain non-synthetic ingredients
33
Being “capable of combining with or attracting water (water-loving)” is defined as _____
acidophilic
lipophilic
hydrophilic
halophilic
34
A stable physical mixture of two or more substances in a solvent is a(n) _____
emulsion
solute
blend
solution
35
What is an example of a chemical property?
Density
Boiling point
Ability to rust
Solubility
36
A characteristic of all inorganic substances is that they _____
burn easily
are derived from living things
contain hydrogen
lack carbon