How does the pentadactyl limb provide evidence for the theory of evolution by natural selection?

Limbs evolved from a common ancestor.

What conclusion can be deduced from the results of DNA-DNA hybridisation?

The higher the temperature to separate strands, the more closely related.

Horseshoe crabs have changed very little in the past 445 million years. This is most likely due to the fact:

there was little change in their environment.

How are populations with low genetic biodiversity affected by a changing environment?

They run the risk of extinction even if their numbers increase.

Three biotic factors that can affect the distribution and abundance of a particular species are:

Predation, competition and disease

A biology student was gathering information. Which of the following would ensure the validity of their research?

Ensuring the author’s work is peered reviewed, up to date & relevant.

Identify one selective advantage that cane toads possess.

Are poisonous throughout their lifecycle.

What is one limitation of paleontological evidence?

The lack of fossils of soft bodied organisms

How do scientists think eukaryotic cells formed?

Prokaryotic cells ingested smaller cells.

Which of the following correctly outlines a type of evolutionary change?

Microevolution involves small changes in a population.

Punctuated equilibrium differs from Darwin's Gradualism theory in that it ...

occurs in relatively short bursts of rapid change.

What is an adaptation?

A feature that an organism inherits that makes it suited to its environment

What conclusion can be deduced from comparative embryology?

The embryos of some vertebrates look similar inferring common ancestry.

Sunken stomata can be found in leaves. How do sunken stomata assist the plant to conserve water in a dry environment?

They accumulate moist air, reducing transpiration

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Biology Module 3 Review

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Answers

1
How does the pentadactyl limb provide evidence for the theory of evolution by natural selection?
All organisms have the same limbs.
Limbs have been inherited from our ancestors.
All the limbs are used for the same purpose.
Limbs evolved from a common ancestor.
2
What conclusion can be deduced from the results of DNA-DNA hybridisation?
The lower the temperature to separate strands, the more closely related.
The lower the temperature, the more nucleotides that are combined.
The higher the temperature, the more nucleotides that are combined.
The higher the temperature to separate strands, the more closely related.
3
Four vertebrate forelimbs are shown. In which area of study do these forelimbs support the theory of evolution?
Palaeontology
Biogeography
Comparative anatomy
Comparative embryology
4
Horseshoe crabs have changed very little in the past 445 million years. This is most likely due to the fact:
they were able to live both in the sea and on land.
they did not produce enough offspring for natural selection to occur.
there was little change in their environment.
they were fully evolved.
5
How are populations with low genetic biodiversity affected by a changing environment?
They run the risk of extinction even if their numbers increase.
They run the risk of extinction only if their numbers decrease.
They can change to suit the changes in the environment.
They can survive if they can adapt to the changes.
6
5 Use the following phylogenetic tree to determine which species is least closely related to humans.
Chimpanzee
Gorilla
Old World monkey
New world monkey
7
Three biotic factors that can affect the distribution and abundance of a particular species are:
Predation, competition and disease
Rainfall, available light and soil depth
Competition, temperature, and type of vegetation present
Salinity, competition and available food
8
A biology student was gathering information. Which of the following would ensure the validity of their research?
Ensuring the author’s work is peered reviewed, up to date & relevant.
Using a well-known website that is accessible that has plenty of info.
Finding repeated information on numerous websites.
Noting use of correct equipment for precise measurements & repeated data.
9
Identify one selective advantage that cane toads possess.
Reproduce in water during their lifecycle.
Have a complex reproductive cycle
Are poisonous throughout their lifecycle.
Can jump very far to escape predators.
10
What is one limitation of paleontological evidence?
The lack of transitional organisms
The lack of fossils of soft bodied organisms
The reduced number of living things
The reduced amount of biodiversity
11
Natural selection can result in similar adaptations in unrelated species that live in similar environments. What's this?
Divergent evolution
Convergent evolution
Parallel evolution
Adaptive evolution
12
Which of the following is a behavioural adaptation of the wombat that enables it to survive its environment?
It lives in a burrow.
Large muscular shoulders
Its brown colour for camouflage
Large molar teeth
13
How do scientists think eukaryotic cells formed?
Prokaryotic cells become photosynthetic cells.
Prokaryotic cells ingested smaller cells.
Ancient anaerobic cells became photosynthetic cells.
Ancient prokaryotes evolved into eukaryotic cells.
14
Which of the following correctly outlines a type of evolutionary change?
Macroevolution involves large changes to a species.
Macroevolution takes place over a shorter period.
Microevolution involves small changes in a population.
Microevolution is responsible for the creation of new species.
15
In undisturbed rock strata, where are the oldest rocks located?
The bottom
The top
Anywhere
The middle
16
Punctuated equilibrium differs from Darwin's Gradualism theory in that it ...
is driven by selection pressures in the environment.
discounts the idea that living organisms share a common ancestor.
requires genetic variation to exist in a population.
occurs in relatively short bursts of rapid change.
17
What is an adaptation?
A characteristic that an organism develops to survive in an environment
A feature that an organism uses to intentionally suit its environment
A feature that an organism inherits that makes it suited to its environment
A characteristic that an organism acquires to suit its environment
18
What conclusion can be deduced from comparative embryology?
Characteristics are passed onto embryos.
The embryos of all organisms look the same.
The chromosomes responsible for embryos are similar.
The embryos of some vertebrates look similar inferring common ancestry.
19
Xerophytes are types of plants that are adapted to living in which types of conditions?
Hot and wet
cold and
Hot and dry
cold and wet
20
Sunken stomata can be found in leaves. How do sunken stomata assist the plant to conserve water in a dry environment?
They increase the surface area available for transpiration.
They prevent entry of gases into the leaf.
They trap moist air, reducing humidity.
They accumulate moist air, reducing transpiration

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