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Great Depression and New Deal Flashcards | StudBud
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Great Depression and New Deal
Great Depression and New Deal
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#USHistory #GreatDepression #NewDeal
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1
One reason for the economic decline in the U.S. in the late 1920s was
a drastic reduction in tariffs
industrial and agricultural overproduction
insufficient capital for investment
excessive government regulation
2
This cartoon illustrates that FDR caused a controversy based on
a plan to assume some of the powers reserved to the states
efforts to counter the Dust bowl with conservation measures
increased military spending in the early 1930s
proposals that violated separation of powers
3
Most conservatives who opposed FDR's policies believed that the New Deal was
ignoring problems faced by rural Americans
threatening national security
endangering the free enterprise system
failing to enact needed social welfare reforms
4
What was the Second New Deal?
a program designed to balance the national budget
a series of tax laws that primarily benefited the rich
a repeal of most New Deal policies
a wave of legislation including more social welfare benefits
5
During the New Deal, the main purpose of the Agricultural Adjustment Act was to
increase farm income by controlling production
assist farmers in relocating to towns and cities
stimulate farm production to provide food for workers
produce a farm surplus for export to foreign countries
6
A major environmental crisis of the 1930s was known as
the Great Crash
Black Tuesday
the Dust Bowl
the Grapes of Wrath
7
An important factor contributing to the start of the Great Depression in the U.S. was the
uneven distribution of wealth
reduction of tariff rates
increase in military spending
failure to maintain the gold standard
8
How did FDR change the federal government's role in the economy?
ending efforts at trustbusting
reducing programs to help the unemployed
using deficit spending to stimulate economic growth
raising tariffs to protect domestic industries
9
Critics charged that New Deal policies favored socialism because the federal government
increased its responsibility for the welfare of the economy
favored farmers over workers and business owners
declined to prosecute business monopolies
took ownership of most businesses
10
Under the New Deal, labor unions were
fined for racial discrimination
give almost unlimited power
legalized and grew stronger
attacked and became weak
11
During the New Deal, the Federal government attempted to improve conditions for farmers by
supporting the formation of farm worker unions
paying farmers to take land out of production
raising tariffs on farm imports
ending the practice of sharecropping
12
Which of the following was a sign of an unsound economy during the 1920s?
the Dow Jones Industrial Average was steady
wages were keeping pace with production
more goods were being produced than consumers could buy
personal debt was decreasing
13
Throughout most of the 1920s, Americans were generally
confident that business would bring continued prosperity
delighted that wealth was evenly distributed
worried that the stock market would crash
concerned with economic danger signs
14
Which government action most benefited the labor union movement?
sending federal troops to end the Pullman strike
passage of Wagner Act, gives workers right to form unions
enactment of right-to-work laws at various times
imposition of wage and price controls
15
Which New Deal agency was created to help businesses?
National Recovery Administration
Federal Reserve Board
Home Owners Loan Corporation
Civilian Conservation Corps
16
Why did FDR overwhelmingly win the election of 1932?
most voters blamed Herbert Hoover for the Depression
it is difficult to defeat an incumbent president
Roosevelt had more business experience than Hoover
the popularity of the Republican party had been declining
17
A major long-term result of the New Deal was that
Congress was required to balance the federal budget
the President gave up decision making power to Congress
state government increased their powers of taxation
the government established a safety net to protect the poor
18
What was one lasting effect of the New Deal?
women have finally attained equal economic status
government programs started in the 1930s continued today
the Republican Party continued to control the government
organized labor continues to grow in size and influence
19
After the crash, thousands of American banks closed, because they
charged too high an interest rate
had invested in European banks
had to print new money
could not return depositors money
20
How did the power of government change during the Civil War and the Great Depression?
the Supreme Court expanded civil liberties
Congress exerted greater leadership
power shifted form the federal government to the states
Presidential powers were expanded
21
FDR's response to the Supreme Court declaring several New Deal laws unconstitutional was to
demand the resignation of several justices
ask Congress to limit the Court's jurisdiction
propose legislation to increase the size of the Court
ignore the Court's rulings
22
A major purpose for the creation of the FDIC during the 1930s was to
break up banking monopolies
limit government borrowing
implement monetary policies to fight the Depression
strengthen consumer confidence in the banking system
23
One sign that the economy might be weakening in the 1920s was
the uneven distribution of wealth
an increase in personal savings
underproduction of consumer goods
the collapse of large corporations
24
When the stock market began to drop sharply in late October 1929,
investors bought record shares of stock
bankers pardoned personal loans and mortgages
President Hoover warned Americans to stop investing
investors raced to get their money out of the stock market
25
Which event is most closely associated with the end of the Great Depression?
announcement of the Marshall Plan
passage of the Social Security Act
reelection of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1940
beginning of World War II
26
A major goal of the government in creating the SEC and the FDIC was to
provide jobs for the unemployed
stimulate economic growth
restore the public's faith in financial institutions
increase the government's tax revenue
27
Which of the following was part of the New Deal legacy?
an end to recession in the economy
a restored sense of hope among the people
an end to discrimination against African Americans and women
guaranteed health insurance for all citizens
28
Why did FDR declare a "bank holiday" early in his administration?
to cut off the use of cash
to weaken the banking industry
to give people in the banking industry a vacation
to inspect the financial health of the banks
29
During most of the 1920s, which group experienced the most severe economic problems?
owners of small family farms
entertainers in the field of radio
workers in the automobile industry
bankers in urban centers
30
How did President Roosevelt respond to the situation shown in the cartoon?
proposing to increase number of justices on Supreme Court
asking voters to elect more Democrats to Congress
demanding popular election of members of the judicial branch
calling for repeal of many New Deal programs
31
How was the situation illustrated in the cartoon resolved?
FDR vetoed Congress's attempt to reform the court system
the U.S. entered WWII after the attack on Pearl Harbor
Congress rejected President's plan to pack the Supreme Court
the Supreme Court used its power of judicial review
32
What was the purpose of the Social Security Act?
reward workers for their support of the union movement
guaranteeing an annual income to experienced employees
assure adequate medical care for the elderly
provide economic assistance to retired workers
