stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
Duplicate of AP Psych Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
Duplicate of AP Psych Exam Review
Duplicate of AP Psych Exam Review
161 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
254 plays
#appsychology
Flashcards
161 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
161
Answers
1
People who are easily hypnotizable are likely to score highly on which Big 5 trait
conscientiousness
extraversion
openness
neuroticism
2
psychogenic amnesia is an indication of which kind of psychological disorder
personality
dissociative
schizophrenic
anixety
3
damage to the occipital region of the brain would most likely affect which sense
touch
balance
hearing
sight
4
Knowledge of different categories of trees is an example of what type of long-term memory
semantic memory
eidetic memory
procedural memory
episodic memory
5
An EEG of Cyrus after he has been asleep for about an hour would show primarily
delta waves
alpha waves
sleep spindles
beta waves
6
seeing someone at the grocery store and remembering their name is an example of
retroactive memory
tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
episodic memory
recall
7
If Pavlov's dogs began to salivate when they heard a sound similar to a bell they would show
stimulus generalization
spontaneous recovery
stimulus discrimination
unconditioned response
8
After repeated firings, neural connections are strengthened. What is this process
long-term potentiation
semantic encoding
proactive interference
state-dependent memory
9
Which of the following is LEAST likely to contribute to prejudice
superordinate goals
out-group homogeneity
stereotyping
scapegoating
10
What research method could study the relationship between owning a hybrid car and being vegan
naturalistic observation
experiment
correlation study
case study
11
which of the following most impacts the speed of motor development
concrete operational exercises
secure attachment with parents
myelination of brain neurons
early gross motor practice
12
Which is most directly involved in the electrical aspect of neurotransmission
neurotransmiters
myelin
terminal button
synaptic cleft
13
Bandura's Bobo doll experiment evidenced the importance of __________ in social learning
sublimation
modeling
latent learning
mirror neurons
14
4YO Kate sits right in front of all the other kids to watch a magician. According to Piaget,
Kate has a lack of conservation
Kate cannot reason hypothetically
Kate lacks object permanence
Kate is demonstrating egocentrism
15
What theory of emotion are cognitive psychologists likely to support
Schachter two-factor theory
James-Lange theory
opponent process theory
social facilitation theory
16
Why are psychoanalysts interested in talking with patients about dreams
symbols in dreams represent unconscious conflicts
neurotransmitter anomalies cause dream disturbances
disturbing dreams are obstacles to self actualization
counter conditioned behaviors are often revealed in dreams
17
the limbic system plays an important role in
planning for the future
processing sensory information
regulating emotion
maintaining balance
18
At what age is the onset of schizophrenia most typical
late 40s
early 20s
mid 30s
puberty
19
an A+ grade in a class is which kind of reinforcer
secondary
primary
continuous
partial
20
What kind of personality theorist would be most interested in the results of the MMPI
humanistic
psychoanalytic
trait
biological
21
Ryan suffers from constant, low-level arousal of his autonomic NS. He most likely suffers from
major depressive disorder
generalized anxiety disorder
obsessive-compulsive disorder
post-traumatic stress disorder
22
a musicians ability to discern between 2 similar pitches depends on which concept
bottom up processing
signal detection theory
absolute threshold
difference threshold
23
Milgram's obedience study was criticized based on what ethical grounds
lack of informed consent
violation of confidentiality
lack of debriefing
risk of psychological harm
24
According to Piaget, when we can't ______ new information, we change our schemas through ______
assimilate : accomodate
ignore : adaptation
reward : punishment
reduce : stereotypes
25
which newborn reflex helps infants find and eat food
stepping
Moro
Babinski
rooting
26
Restarting your printer over and over but failing to notice it is out of paper demonstrates
low experiential intelligence
a mental set
divergent thinking
belief perseverance
27
Maria slams the car door and yells at her kids. Now when they hear a car door slam they cringe
instrumental learning
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
observational learning
28
One group receives an ad for 99% fat free milk; the other for 1% fat milk. What being tested
confirmation bias
framing effects
inattentional blindness
representativeness heuristic
29
Lara is attracted to Craig but can't stand his friends and family. Her conflict is classified
avoidance-avoidance
approach-avoidance
she does not have a conflict
approach-approach
30
Julie is more alert in the morning; John in the evening. This is because of differences in
sleep cycles
daily activities
personalities
circadian rhythm
31
Which question would be most useful to test Kohlberg's idea of pre & post-conventional morality
at what age can children reason abstractly
should you tell a small lie to not hurt someone's feelings
If 3 are taken from a group of 12, how many are left
what is the best way to respond to a baby crying in her crib
32
which kinds of personality theorists would make use of a projective test
trait
psychoanalyst
social-cognitive
humanist
33
what is the principle tool used in all forms of psychotherapy
biomedical interventions
talking to a patient
secondary preventions
cognitive-behavioral interventions
34
Of the following, children will most likely develop this skill first
clap their hands
cut with a knife
write with a pencil
say a sentence
35
Which theory explains how experiences from infancy through old age influence personality
Piaget's cognitive development theory
Erikson's psychosocial stage theory
Kohlberg's moral development theory
Harlow's contact comfort theory
36
What area of psychology focuses on subjective well-being, optimism, self-esteem, and happiness
health psychology
positive psychology
psychometrics
social psychology
37
The ability to solve a new computer game based on logical puzzles probably depends on
multiple intelligences
fluid intelligence
crystallized intelligence
aptitude intelligence
38
When Susie went to prom with Dan, Max channeled his feelings of frustration into artwork
sublimation
displacement
reaction formation
projection
39
which is an example of an implicit memory
recognizing a celebrity
recalling the name of your JH math teacher
describing the taste of a birthday cake
remembering how to tie your shoelace
40
A medication prescribed for major depression would most likely act on which neurotransmitter
dopamine
serotonin
acetylcholine
adrenaline
41
which of the following statistics provides most information about how spread out a data set is
range
median
standard deviation
mean
42
Amy has a cat. The first time she sees a rabbit she calls it a cat. Her mistake is due to
accommodation
habituation
assimilation
discrimination
43
learned helplessness is most likely to be directly related to
unconditional positive regard
the self-serving bias
the Oedipus complex
an external locus of control
44
Mary Ainsworth's Strange Situation experiment studied what developmental concept
assimilation
parenting style
attachment
motor development
45
Which concept is most relevant to Noam Chomsky's theory of how children learn language
linguistic relativity hypothesis
phonemes and morphemes
serial position effect
language acquisition device
46
Choosing 20 people at random from a large lecture class of 400 is an example of
random assignment
representative assignment
assignment to conditions
random sampling
47
The case study of Phineas Gage was significant because it was one of the the first examples of
a specific brain area associated with emotional changes
treating a brain-damaged patient with psychotherapy
treatment with drugs that alter neurotransmission
using a CAT scan to document the extent of the injury
48
An artist making a drawing could use which of the following to add depth to the picture
linear perspective
retinal disparity
convergence
closure
49
Bandura's theory of reciprocal determinism states personality results from the interaction of
traits, the environment, and behavior
id, ego, and superego
rewards, punishments, and reinforcers
genetics, the unconscious, and social facilitation
50
Elizabeth Loftus' research on wording and misinformation effects on memory best demonstrate
the role of the hippocampus in memory
the reconstructive nature of memory
the serial position effect
the rate at which people forget information
51
The fact that our ears are located on opposite sides of our head best helps us with
sensory adaptation
hearing high frequencies
detecting absolute threshold
sound localization
52
A low level of glucose in Sam's bloodstream would most likely make him want to
go for a run
pursue a romantic interest
eat a meal
make new friends
53
Lana learns how to be goalie as her coach gradually rolls the ball faster at parts the goal
behavior shaping
higher-order conditioning
law of effect
token economy
54
which technique controls for both experimenter and subject bias
double blind study
Hawthorne effect
single blind study
counterbalancing
55
Which of the following is found in Jung's model of the collective unconscious
inferiority complexes
repressed memories
archetypes
functional fixedness
56
What would Piaget test to see if a child is in pre-operational or concrete operational stage
object permanence
universal ethical principles
conservation
attachment
57
Which is a common criticism of Freud's personality theory
his research wasn't representative of the population
it doesn't apply to people with disorders
his evidence comes from therapy sessions, not empirical data
Genetics was not advanced enough to be used as Freud tried
58
James is interested in the processing strategies children use to learn new information. He is a
sociocultural psychologist
cognitive psychologist
personality psychologist
clinical psychologist
59
Which is most closely associated with creativity
hypothesis testing
functional fixedness
divergent thinking
contextual intelligence
60
In people, rods, unlike cones,
are unable to detect motion
are located in the center of the retina
respond more quickly to colors
have a lower absolute threshold for light
61
physiological reactions like surprise or shock are controlled by which part of the NS
somatic nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
endocrine system
serotonin system
62
Which statement best represents the relationship between performance and arousal
performance steadily increases as arousal increases
too little or too much arousal is harmful to performance
performance continually decreases as arousal increases
performance is best at low and high levels of arousal
63
Dan is a toddler who avoids eye contact and resists to changes to routine. He shows symptoms of
mental retardation
fetal alcohol syndrome
autism spectrum disorder
Down syndrome
64
A variable ratio of reinforcement is often preferable to a fixed ratio because
variable ratio schedules are more resistant to extinction
variable ratio schedules produce the quickest results
fixed ratio schedules are more time intensive
fixed ratios allow both classical and operant learning
65
When running for class president, Edy puts pictures of herself everywhere. Why might this help
foot-in-the-door phenomenon
deindividuation
central route persuasion
mere-exposure effect
66
In a class of 25 students, all but 2 score between 82 and 94. The 2 scores of 47 and 55 are
variances
normally distributed
modes
outliers
67
Which part of the brain is "newest" in an evolutionary sense
cerebellum
cerebral cortex
pons
hypothalamus
68
How would a psychometrician interpret an IQ score of 145
slightly above average
the person has high verbal bot low logical intelligence
well below the average of 200
three standard deviations above the mean of 100
69
which structure is part of the inner ear
auditory canal
tympanic membrane
basilar membrane
malleus (hammer)
70
An American's prototype of a chair is most likely to include
pens, pencils, and a computer
four legs and a seat
an armchair, chairlift, and wheelchair
a desk and/or table
71
children who suffer brain damage can regain function more quickly than older patients due to
effective psychological environment
hemispheric lateralization
neuroplasticity
contralateral control
72
A musician who signs a recording contract stops playing for fun. This is best explained by
the overjustification effect
latent learning
social learning theory
the law of effect
73
If a distribution of scores includes outliers, which measure of central tendency should be used
median
standard deviation
mean
range
74
people who catch violent movies are more likely to behave violently: this statement reflects
insight learning
latent learning
counterconditioning
observational learning
75
Delusions and hallucinations are most characteristic of
schizophrenia
antisocial personality disorder
obsessive-compulsive disorder
dissociative identity disorder
76
Which is an important technique used by humanist psychologists during therapy
secondary central dispositions
unconditional positive regard
factor analysis
defense mechanisms
77
which disorder would respond best to cognitive behavioral therapy
dissociative identity disorder
bipolar disorder
schizophrenia
major depressive disorder
78
What was one of the factors that increased conformity in Asch's studies
wearing guard uniforms
presence of an authority figure
placebo effect
size of the group
79
the "c" in the word
cat
is best described as a
grapheme
holobase
morpheme
phoneme
80
Sigmund Freud made this perspective popular in Western Europe at the turn of the 20th century
behavioral
psychoanalytic
evolutionary
cognitive
81
in the nature vs. nurture debate, nature is most closely associated with
temperament
family
culture
environment
82
what kinds of motivations best encourage positive behaviors to persist over time
need for achievement
primary drives
extrinsic motivation
intrinsic motivation
83
Withdrawal symptoms are most directly caused by this process
antagonists
dissociation
tolerance
activation-synthesis
84
A person who experiences flashbacks after a serious car accident is likely to be diagnosed with
dissociative identity disorder
post-traumatic stress disorder
panic disorder
bipolar disorder
85
if the College Board left out questions about neuroscience on the AP exam, the test would lack
split-half reliability
predictive validity
content validity
test-retest reliability
86
What factors are ignored when people commit the fundament attribution error
social
behavioral
situational
dispositional
87
According to Kohlberg, in order to reason at the postconventional level, people must
have been exposed to good, moral role models
believe in God
be able to take another person's perspective
resolve the integrity vs. despair conflict
88
Research indicates that which factor most influences one's sexual orientation
masculine/feminine personality traits
hormones released in the womb
traumatic childhood experiences
parenting style
89
Someone who fails an exam and reacts by studying longer probably has this locus of control
external
situational
fundamental
internal
90
When like-minded groups take more extreme positions than individuals comprising the group
group polarization
deindividuation
social facilitation
groupthink
91
You girlfriend dumps you. "I always knew she was bad news" your friend says. This demonstrates
hindsight bias
overconfidence
self-serving bias
a theory
92
After a natural disaster Faye says, "Serves them right for not having better warning systems."
Barnum effect
just world bias
false consensus effect
self-serving bias
93
A teacher whose class culture encourages intrinsic motivation uses which management style
postconventional
James-Lange
theory Y
approach-avoidance
94
Which structure is located at the most central and protected part of the brain
cerebellum
sensory cortex
cerebral cortex
medulla
95
After studying for weeks and taking an AP exam, Conrad gets the flu. What theory explains this
Yerkes-Dodson law
Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory
James-Lange theory of emotion
Selye's general adaptation syndrome
96
Sherif's Robbers Cave study indicates that this principle best reduces tensions between groups
deindividuation
group polarization
diffusion of responsibility
superordinate goals
97
10 YO Genna underwent a right hemispherectomy. What action best shows her neuroplasticity
understanding what was said to her
solving a logic problem
moving her left hand
speaking aloud
98
which of the following terms applies to IQ tests
projective
standardized
triarchic
achievement
99
Which best explains the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory
physiological reaction and cognitive labeling cause emotion
an event causes an emotion and a physiological response
perceived control over life reduces stress and improves mood
people follow a pattern of alarm, resistance, exhaustion
100
classical conditioning involves __________; operant conditioning involves __________
schedules; punishers
learned responses; physiological reactions
pairing stimuli; rewards and punishments
fixed intervals; variable ratios
101
A librarian gives a prize for every five books students read. Her schedule of reinforcement is
continuous
variable interval
fixed ratio
fixed variable
102
According to humanist theory, psychological disorders are most likely caused by
learned associations
neurochemical imbalances
unhealthy attributional styles
unfulfilled needs
103
REM sleep deprivation generally causes what kinds of side effects
interference with memory tasks
intense, prolonged periods of Stage 3 & 4 sleep
sleep apnea and night terrors
heightened manifest dream content
104
When Jake is late to basketball practice his coach makes him run laps. Jake is not late again
positive reinforcement
modeling
positive punishment
negative reinforcement
105
which structure in the eye is most responsible for color vision
rods
optic nerve
cones
cornea
106
Someone who can't move the muscles needed for accurate speech might have brain damage where
Broca's area
hippocampus
Wernicke's area
Gage's area
107
What kind of therapy involves both cognitive and behavioral interventions
systematic desensitization
counterconditioning
rational emotive behavior therapy
aversion therapy
108
what is the first step in any example of classical conditioning
pairing an unconditioned stimulus and a conditioned stimulus
following a response with a reinforcement or punishment
reinforcing for a behavior similar to the desired behavior
rewarding a conditioned response with a conditioned stimulus
109
Which of the following models of personality is the least deterministic
biological
evolutionary
humanistic
psychodynamic
110
A person with a painful skin rash finds hard scratching temporarily relieves the pain
gate-control theory
frequency theory
opponent-process theory
transduction theory
111
What number will tell Matt whether his research is statistically significant
a correlation coefficient close to .75
a probability of chance less than 5%
a standard deviation of 4 or more
a mean that is the same as the median
112
In the 3-box model of information processing, memories are first stored in
procedural memory
short-term memory
sensory memory
long-term memory
113
Which best summarizes the results of Tolman's latent learning experiment
rats that received punishment ran the maze faster
rats who explored the maze first ran faster when reinforced
rats that were continually reinforced ran the maze faster
reinforcement had little impact on the rats' performance
114
Most people can taste 1g of salt in 1qt of water. Which concept is related to this statement
sensory adaptation
frequency theory
absolute threshold
difference threshold
115
A teacher ignoring her students' prior grades so her opinion of them is not influenced avoids
fundamental attribution error
cognitive dissonance
self-serving bias
self-fulfilling prophecy
116
Which best describes how neurons communicate with one another
electrical signals between two myelin sheaths
physical contact between dendrites
chemical signals at the synaptic cleft
hormones jump from one axon to the next
117
turning up the volume on a radio changes which aspect of sound
pitch of the tone
amplitude of the wave
transduction of the wave
frequency of the wave
118
A test that identifies people with the potential to be great lawyers is an example of a(n)
IQ test
aptitude test
EQ test
achievement test
119
What percent of people score between 70 and 130 on the WISC (M: 100, SD:15)
68
84
50
95
120
Reading a job description written with masculine pronouns, people think of the employee as male
linguistic relativity hypothesis
gender schema theory
principle of continuity
the social role hypothesis
121
a test which places someone into personality categories (e.g.extravert/introvert) is based on
trait theory
psychodynamic theory
social cognitive theroy
biological theory
122
en route
to the visual cortex, information from the eyes' retinas crosses at the
feature detectors
optic chiasm
fovea
optic nerve
123
patients who are described as "split brain" have had what structure removed
hippocampus
medulla oblongata
prefrontal cortex
corpus callosum
124
a charity includes free address labels in its fundraising letters to increase contributions
out-group homogeneity
fundamental attribution error
self-fulfilling prophecy
reciprocity norm
125
Harlow's rhesus monkey experiment illustrated
the importance of physical contact to development
the danger of separating babies from their natural parents
that primates can make and use tools
that language is a uniquely human skill
126
our ability to perceive depth depends on what other perceptual abilities
vestibular and kinesthetic senses
top-down and bottom-up processing
binocular and monocular cues
proximity and similarity
127
A personality test which calls Jan an extravert the first time and an introvert the next lacks
aptitude measures
construct validity
test-retest reliability
standardization
128
Runners in a park increase their speed when another runner comes into view. This illustrates
disinhibition
social roles
social facilitation
conformity
129
Which theory would assert that a key motivation for people is spreading their genetic material
cognitive
evolutionary
psychodynamic
humanistic
130
Vance's psychiatrist diagnoses him with bipolar disorder. Which medication would he prescribe
SSRIs
L-Dopa
lithium
benzodiazepines
131
Ani believes she is capable of succeeding in nursing school. Her mindset is associated with
a strong superego
low self-esteem
an extraverted personality
high self-efficacy
132
Intelligence researchers like Gardner and Sternberg argue that schools focus too much on
meeting the needs of students with disabilities
environmental factors that influence intelligence
nonessential subjects like art and music
traditional and analytical subjects and methods
133
the somatic nervous system is part of the
central nervous system
autonomic nervous system
peripheral nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
134
what kind of symptom is common among all somatic symptom disorders
disconnection from reality and delusions
substance abuse and dependence
experiencing a physical problem without a physical cause
inappropriate or flat affect
135
According to Freud, what is the dominant factor in determining our personality traits
genetics and nutrition
parenting styles
secondary drives and needs
unconscious conflicts
136
Which is one of the key factors distinguishing major depressive disorder from sadness
lasts longer than 2 weeks without an obvious cause
sadness is paired with heightened senses and mania
normal sadness is much less intense than depression
specific changes in the brain
137
Garcia and Koelling's research on aversions established which UCS/CS pairs as most powerful
nausea and food or drink
movement and electrical shocks
punishment and aversion
performing a task and receiving food
138
light enters the eye through an opening in the
blind spot
fovea
retina
iris
139
What is the purpose of the DSM
discuss theories related to the treatment of disorders
describe the biopsychosocial causes of disorders
explain the symptoms and cures of disorders
list the diagnostic criteria and symptoms of disorders
140
Which personality theory is criticized for its overly optimistic view of human nature
trait
cognitive
humanistic
psychoanalytic
141
when first born, humans' dominant sense is
touch
sight
hearing
smell
142
testing the problem-solving skills of 10, 20, and 30-year-olds in a study uses this method
developmental study
cross-sectional study
social-cognitive study
longitudinal study
143
which brain structure is involved in hunger motivation
medulla
amygdala
hypothalamus
cerebellum
144
negative reinforcers __________ a stimulus in order to ___________ a behavior
remove : punish
remove : decrease
remove : increase
add : decrease
145
which social psychology principle best explains prejudice
compliance strategies
self-serving bias
in-group bias
individualism
146
counterconditioning lies at the heart of which therapeutic approach
systematic desensitization
token economies
client-centered therapy
REBT
147
A doctor determining whether an accident caused structural damage to the brain would use
PET
MRI
rTMS
EEG
148
Erikson's initiative vs. guilt stage is most closely related to Freud's
oral stage
latency period
anal stage
phallic stage
149
Abraham Maslow theorized that people are motivated by
reinforcement of primary and secondary needs
desire to achieve in the eyes of others
satisfying needs on a hierarchy
achieving physiological homeostasis
150
Which technique would be most helpful in avoiding the problems associated with groupthink
identifying approach-avoidance conflicts
responding to deindividuation among group members
encouraging contrary opinions within the group
increasing group polarization within different groups
151
which psychologist would agree w/the following: behavior results from reinforcers & punishers
Albert Bandura
Carl Rogers
B.F. Skinner
William James
152
Which of the following has been linked to a deficit of dopamine
major depressive disorder
Alzheimer's disease
Parkinson's disease
autism
153
which type of therapist is most likely to prescribe lithium for a patient with bipolar disorder
psychoanalyst
cognitive psychotherapist
psychiatrist
clinical psychologist
154
Which of the therapies below is no longer used to treat patients
electro-convulsive shock therapy
free association
prefrontal lobotomy
gestalt therapy
155
What is true about experiments that is not of other research methods
they take place in more realistic, real-life settings
they involve more research participants than other studies
they can determine causal relationships between variables
they can gather data from a large number of people quickly
156
Pat is laughing because she just won the lottery. Sal thinks she is a fun person. Sal's opinion
is influenced by the just world hypothesis
is influenced by the norm of reciprocity
is influenced by the self-serving bias
is influenced by the fundamental attribution error
157
A therapist who tells a client to write down their depressed thoughts is using this perspective
behavioral
structuralist
pharmacological
cognitive
158
How would a person with schizophrenia most differ from a person with a dissociative disorder
a person with schizophrenia experiences hallucinations
a person with schizophrenia has more than one personality
a person with dissociative disorder has trouble keeping jobs
a person with a dissociative disorder has delusions
159
How would drive reduction theory explain a person eating half a bowl of M&M's and stopping
the person stopped when their body had reached homeostasis
humans are instinctively driven to eat sugar and fat
people eat in moderation to prevent being seen as selfish
they were satisfying the 2nd step on the hierarchy of needs
160
authoritarian parents demonstrate
high warmth and high control
low warmth and low control
high warmth and low control
low warmth and high control
161
which would a researcher need to use to determine whether experiment data is significant
counterbalancing
inferential statistics
standard deviation
descriptive statistics