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APCG Monster Vocab review
APCG Monster Vocab review
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APCG Vocab review AP comparative government AP vocab #apcg #apcomp
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1
An arrangement in which gov. officials interact with people/groups before setting policy:
parton-clientelism
corporatism
co-optation
autocracy
2
Ideology which values equality over freedom (not source of prosperity for the majority):
communism
conservatism
liberalism
socialism
3
Sense of belonging and ID that distinguishes one nation from another, translated as patriotism
chauvanism
nationalism
xenophobia
ethnicity
4
A democracy with competitive elections, but no guar. or civ. lib., rule of law, indep judi.=
all of these are synonyms
electoral authoritarianism
illiberal democracy
procedural democracy
5
The rules that a state sets/follows in exerting power, endure beyond individual govs. & leaders
junta
government
administration
regime
6
They offer comp elec. + civ. lib., rule of law, indepen. jud., open soc., civ control of mil
All are synonyms
substantive democracies
liberal democracies
consolidated democracies
7
Measures wellbeing of country's people (literacy, life expectancy, education, +GDP):
PPP
GNP
GDP
HDI
8
Has the power to effect change, it maintains a monopoly on violence:
the regime
the civic society
the state
the nation
9
Prime minister coexists with president directly elected by the people, powers vary: Russia
presidential system
none of these
semi-presidential system
parliamentary system
10
"Experts" who are well-educated and trained to govern:
bureaucrats
technocrats
ideologues
patrons
11
A state where the government provides for basic needs, like medical care and pensions.
socialist/welfare state
conservative state
communist state
liberalism
12
Value of all G & S produced by a country's econ. in a given year including $ made outside co:
PPP
GDP per capita
GDP
GNP
13
How countries develop their social, economic systems (eg: capitalism, socialism)
political culture
political economy
politicalization
political efficacy
14
Mathematical formula which measures economic inequality in a society:
GNP per capita
HDI
PPP
Gini coefficient
15
Social boundaries or divisions (class, ethnicity, race, religion, language, etc):
correlations
co-optation
corporatism
cleavages
16
Gov. authority based on the dynamic personality of an individual, e.g., PUTIN (NAPOLEON):
charismatic legitimacy
rational-legal legitimacy
none of these
traditional legitimacy
17
Exec. independently elected; sys. characterized by separation of powers: US, Nigeria, Mexico:
semi-presidential system
none of these
parliamentary system
presidential system
18
Lessening of government regulations in an
economy
in exchange participation by private entities
economic liberalization
market economics
command economics
socialism
19
The means a regime uses to get support from citizens (through indiv. patronage or corporatism):
neocorporatism
none of these
pluralism
co-optation
20
The Economist Intelligence Unit's Democracy Index classifies countries as
hybrid regimes
Full or flawed democracies
authoritarian regimes
all of these
21
Lack sig. econ. dev. and tend to have authoritarian gov., & high level of corruption (Nigeria):
democratized nations
mostly developed nations
under developed countries
NICs
22
Countries with well-established democratic governments and a high level of econ. dev. (UK & US)
Developed countries or advanced democracies
communist and post-communist countries
NICs and LDCs
none of these
23
The overthrow of the existing regime/institutions:
all of these
coup d'etat
junta
revolution
24
EXAMPLES: Oxfam, Doctors without Borders, Amnesty International, Global Witness
LDCs
NGOs
MNCs
FDIs
25
Exists when a change in one variable coincides with a change in another
correlation
causation
empiricism
intervening variable
26
Unlike a state, a nation can exist without sovereignty TURE/FALSE
FALSE
TRUE
27
Citizens vote for legislature which, in turn, selects executive from ranks; FUSION OF POWERS:
presidential system
semi-presidential system
parliamentary system
none of these
28
The way citizens organize and define themselves & their interests outside of government:
social capital
institutions
civil society
formal politics
29
Actions taken by government during a period of neg. economic conditions- reduce budget deficit
corporatism
democratization
transparency
austerity measures or structural adjustment
30
A ballot called by the government on a policy issue:
none of these
ballot initiative
plebiscite
referendum
31
Gov. auth resting on custom determining who should rule and how (hereditary monarchy):
charismatic legitimacy
rational-legal legitimacy
traditional legitimacy
none of these
32
Example of a stateless nation:
Irish
Muslims
Russians
Kurds
33
A division that strengthens feelings of difference and discrepancy, weakening society
clientalism
coinciding cleavages
social cleavages
dependency theory
34
In authoritarian states, interest groups have almost no independence and simply serve as
mediums of societal corporatism
none of these
examples of interest group pluralism
"transmission belts" to convey elite views
35
Eng./Am. use of tradition, practice & legal PRECEDENT set by courts + statues = flexible:
common law
administrative law
statutory law
code law
36
Experiencing rapid econ. growth, tendency toward democ. and pol/soc stability but corrupt (Mex)
NGOs
developing countries
theocracies
less developed countries
37
Tends to result in two-party system
all of these
single-member-district winner-take-all
plurality electoral system
first-past-the-post
38
This country is ruled by a theocratic government
Mexico
UK
Russia
Iran
39
The right to rule, as determined by a country's own citizens
sovereignty
power
none of these
legitimacy
40
Derives all or a substantial portion of national revenues from the rent of resources
revenue state
marble state
rentier state
nation state
41
Statement of fact NOT how the world should be
advanced
normative
evaluative
empirical
42
Competitive elections that are regular, free, and fair are
characteristic of both procedural & substantive democracies
all of these
the least common denominator in democracies
the essential requirement for democracy
43
Issues that require VALUE judgments are
emprircal
normative
positive
none of these
44
Sovereign state governed by a single entity
unitary
confederate
federal
none of the choices
45
Process by which people become participants in and leaders of political action
Authoritarianism
Globalization
Politcal Recruitment
Democratization
46
Systems that provide reciprocal favors and services to supporters:
corporatism
parliamentary systems
communism
patron-clientelism
47
Groups like political parties, interest groups and the media that connect citizens and gov't:
linkage institutions
hierarchical organizations
devolutionary forces
supranational organizations
48
Divisions within society that cut across demographic categories = heterogeneous groups
structural adjustment
coinciding cleavages
cross cutting cleavages
supranationalism
49
Delegation of decision making to lower (more local) levels of government
Revolution
Localization
Fracturing
Devolution
50
Ability of a state to act and make policies within its borders independently w/o interference:
nationalism
legitimacy
autocracy
sovereignty
51
Comprehensive system of written statutes (civil & criminal); continental Europe = inflexible
administrative law
common law
code law
all of these
52
Stable, long-lasting; INCLUDES: bureaucracies. legislatures, judicial system, pol. parties
civil society
institutions
political systems
regimes
53
We are all in this together! Growing interconnectedness of governments and economies
democratization
nationalism
castration
globalization
54
Occurs when states pool sovereignty to gain political, economic, and social benefits:
supranationalism
nationalism
devolution
fragmentation
55
Gov's authority is based in sys. of well-established laws/procedures, highly institutionalized:
rational-legal legitimacy
none of these
charismatic legitimacy
traditional legitimacy
56
Tends to result in a multi-party system:
first-past-the-post
none of these
plurality system
proportional representation
57
Value orientation emphasizes self-expression & quality of life over economic/physical security.
gradualism
socialism
capitalism
post-materialism
58
A forced takeover of the government (usually military), not widespread support among the people
all of these
revolution
regime change
coup d'etat
59
Monetary value of all finished goods and services produced INSIDE boarder in a specific period
GNP
FDI
GDP
HDI
60
System in which a group's monopoly over its sector is state approved:
state corporatism
all of these
societal corporatism
neocorporatism
61
A system where rules are known and which operates openly, keeping citizens informed:
fragmented
pluralistic
transparent
democratic
62
Devolutionary forces include
economic forces
spatial forces
ethnic forces
all of these
63
Industrialized nations exploit under developed nations
legitimacy theory
political theory
dependency theory
globalization