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FINAL - Review
FINAL - Review
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Questions
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Answers
1
Revenue management system is used to maximize a company yield of contribution margins by:
Price adjustment
Rate parity and Overbooking
Other channels
Dynamic pricing and BAR pricing
2
The long-run success of tourism will depend on ______ to satisfy the desire for travel.
Virtual attractions
Natural attractions
Manufactured attractions
Ultra-popular attractions
3
Which of the following is not a factor that is transforming direct marketing?
Customers’ attitudes toward the natural environment
Development of new Internet and network and protocols
Social media tours and online communities
Powerful, customizable, and user-friendly computing devices
4
Company structures its sales force based on selling higher-priced products.
True
False
5
Competition-based price is based on other organizations that have helped pay part of the cost.
True
False
6
In its simplest form, value pricing means offering a price below competitors:
Only for certain segments
Permanently
Temporary
Only for certain customers
7
A restaurant informs the press of no cases of food borne illnesses traced as the destination has recorded - this is:
Press relations
Lobbying
Advertising
Persuasive communications
8
Which of the following is NOT one of the most common mistakes in pricing?
Pricing that is too cost oriented
Prices that are not revised to reflect market changes
Prices not varied enough for different product items and market segments
Pricing completely ignoring the cost in all phases of a product’s lifecycle
9
Which of the following statements is correct?
Marketing strategies support tactics
Marketing strategies support resources
Marketing tactics support strategies
Marketing tactics support resources
10
Generally, print publications are being replaced by:
Personalized print communications
Online publications
Radio ads
TV ads
11
A customer sees a stake priced at $29.99. This is likely an indication of:
Prestige pricing
Bundling
Psychological pricing
Value-based pricing
12
Interactive TV allows marketers to target audiences based on their specific:
Age
Residence
Subscription plans
Preferences
13
Prospecting involves:
Assisting in pricing decisions
Assisting in creating business intelligence
Finding and cultivating new customers
Deciding on how to articulate the vision of the company
14
Social selling includes the followings:
Online, mobile and social media tools
Formal selling
Networking
Peer-to-peer sales
15
Revenue management systems are used to maximize a hospitality company’s yield or contribution margin.
True
False
16
The main forms of online advertising are display ads and search-related ads.
False
True
17
Which of the factors below represents one of the most critical aspects of distribution for hospitality companies?
Location
Number of segments served
Pricing
Number of product lines
18
Personal characteristics affecting consumer behavior influenced by cultural factors are:
Social class
None of them
Cross-cultural marketing
Culture and subculture
19
One of the most important aspects of database use is:
Size
Integration
The use of artificial intelligence
Hosting on the property to decrease security risk
20
Occupancy, passenger miles, and total covers are common measures of sales volume.
True
False
21
To be effective, each marketing plan must be written _____.
Every 6 years
Every 6 months
Each month
Every year
22
______ have security and privacy concerns.
Both customers and companies
Only companies
Neither customers not companies should
Only customers
23
Hospitality Industry distribution channels are:
Online travel agencies
Restaurant distribution systems
Direct channels
Indirect channels
24
Lifestyle is a person's whole pattern of acting and interacting in the world and provides info about consumer values.
True
False
25
Sustainable tourism refers to tourism that minimizes the environmental impacts and sociocultural changes and defined as:
Economic effects of tourism
Social/cultural effects of tourism
Environmental effects of tourism
Sustainable effects
26
Which of the following is the first step in the selling process?
Negociation
Presentation
Pre-approach
Prospecting
27
In direct distribution, the transaction costs are low because:
There are no intermediaries involved
There are only a few intermediaries involved
Only the most efficient intermediaries are involved
Only the most inexpensive intermediaries are involved
28
Psychological prices are:
Promotional pricing - special occasions
Value pricing - temporary lowered
Price endings: .99, .95
International pricing - uniform worldwide pricing
29
Direct and digital marketing was very basic in the beginning, but became ______ over time.
Expensive
Personalized
Addictive
Difficult to use
30
A restaurant examines the cost of its menu items. adding a 20% markup to each item’s cost as final price - this is a:
Cost-based pricing
Competition-based pricing
Value based pricing
Break-even analysis
31
To break through the clutter, many marketers have subscribed to a new merging of advertising and:
Segmentation
Entertainment
Marketing research
Cost accounting
32
Which of the generations listed below are most interested in traveling abroad?
Generation Y
Baby Boomers
Generation X
Millenials
33
Advertising is any paid form of non-personal presentation, promotion of ideas, goods/services by an identified sponsor.
False
True
34
Traditional forms of direct marketing used in hospitality industry are:
Direct-mail marketing
Kiosk marketing
Interactive TV
Telephone marketing
35
A marketing plan has a ____ scope than a _______ plan.
More limited, business
More limited, strategic
Broader, hiring
Broader, business
36
Direct interactions between customers and companies in the social media space give customers a sense of:
Preferential treatment by the company
Superiority relative to the other customers
Community
Information asymmetry
37
Generally, a web site _____ all other promotional and retail activities.
Is separated from
Relies upon
Cannibalizes
Supports
38
Marketing analysis begins with a complete SWOT company analysis.
False
True
39
Conventions are annual meetings including general sessions, committee meetings, social interest sessions and trade shows
False
True
40
Revenue management involves ___________ of profit margins and sales volumes for each product line.
Analysis
Cutting
Environmental scanning
Synthesis
41
Regardless of how a sales force is structured, individual salespeople must classify their:
Customer base
Budget
Advertising
Team members
42
Which of the following is not a specific form of direct and digital marketing?
Segmented marketing
Social media marketing
Online marketing
Mobile marketing
43
It is _____ to find properties that are truly comparable in all attributes due to the uniqueness of the hotel industry.
Difficult
Easy
Useless
Redundant
44
Research has shown that casinos _____ business away from local restaurants.
Do not take
Drive
Retain
Take
45
Psychological factors that models consumer behavior:
Believes and attitudes
Motivation
Perception
Learning
46
Marketers have a responsibility to protect the privacy of customer information.
False
True
47
Demographic environment is the study of human populations in terms of size, density, location, age, sex, race - select:
Increasing diversity
Baby Boomers and Generation X
Millennials and Generation Z
Generational marketing
48
Promotional mix - a specific blend of ads, public relations, personal selling used to communicate customer value.
True
False
49
Organizing the sales department includes the followings:
Field sales force
Inside sales force
Hire new manager
Team sales (not from same company necessarily)
50
Developing a marketing research plan includes:
Gathering secondary information
Determine specific information needs
Implementing the research plan
Planning primary data collection
51
A distribution channel is a set of independent organizations hwo make a product/service available to consumer.
False
True
52
Social media has increasingly become ____________, particularly for younger customers of hospitality and tourism.
Potential customers
Obsolete
Useful for bookings
Mainstream media
53
Buyers are less price-sensitive when the product is unique or when it is high in quality, prestige, or exclusiveness.
False
True
54
Customer density varies by territory, and territories with equal potential can:
Only be the same size.
Divided or split into a multitude of small but equal sizes regions
Vary widely in size.
Be split into two equal size regions.
55
Sales force ____ ensure that corporate goals are met.
Technology skills
Cross-training
Objectives
Turnover
56
A consortium is a group of organizations that work together to provide mutual benefits to members.
True
False
57
Maturity is a period of slowdown in sales growth because of product achieved acceptance by most of its potential buyers.
False
True
58
AIDA - designing the message should include:
Message format (how to say it synbolically)
Message content (what to say)
Message lenght
Message structure (how to say it)
59
Lobbying involves dealing with legislators and government officials to promote or defeat legislation and regulation.
False
True
60
Destination marketing is systematically linking supply (destination features and benefits) with:
Destination competitiveness
Demand (needs and wants of travelers)
Destination management
Destination image
61
A major factor influencing price increases is:
Natural dynamics in the demographics of the general market
Shortage of labor
Economic growth
Inflation
62
Advertising strategy consists of two major elements: competition and clutter.
False
True
63
Major activities of PR departments are:
Product publicity
Corporate communications
Lobbying
Press relations
64
PR messages and vehicles are:
News and corporate social responsibility activities
Publications
Events and websites
Social media
65
Restaurant distribution systems include:
Travel agents
Concierges
Food Trucks
Food delivery platforms
66
The aim of press relations is to understand the firm’s mission, culture, and target of the communication.
False
True
67
Which of the following factors does not influence the structure of a hotel sales department?
Culture of the organization
Advertising
Nature of the market
Size of the property
68
One important challenge for PR managers is to ___________ news.
Hide negative
Promote only financial
Feature the leadership of the company in
Create
69
Which of the following are NOT marketing objectives for a PR manager?
Building awareness
Lower promotion costs
Aggressively persuade customers to buy the companny's products
Building credibility
70
Local area marketing uses all areas of promotional mix, but predominantly ____ to convey messages to the local audience.
Personal selling
Advertising
Sales promotion
Public relations
71
It is recommended that companies:
Store customer data on mobile devices so they can be easily transferred
Conduct information security audits
Delete all customer data
Delete all data stored in the cloud
72
Product levels are:
Core product
Augmented products
Facilitating products
Supporting products
73
Objectives should be based on information about the target market, positioning, and market mix.
True
False
74
Press relations aims is to put newsworthy information in news media to get attention to a person/product or service.
True
False
75
Economic environment consist of factors affecting customer purchasing power and spending patterns, choose correct items:
The Super Rich
Changes in income
Economy
The global economy
76
Destinations generally have an actual or perceived ____.
Border
Boundary
Security force
Popular attractions
77
Market segmentation consists lf many types of costumers, products and needs. Consumers are gruped in various ways.
False
True
78
The affordable method in establishing a total promotional budget for a company is based on:
How much customers can afford to spend on the company’s product
How much money it takes to reach all of the customers in the target market
How much money is spent in average per each customer who makes a purchase
How much the company can afford to spend on the promotional mix
79
The following elements constitute the AIDA framework:
Action, interest, desire, activity
Attention, interest, attention, distribution, action
Attention, interest, desire, action
Attention, importance, desire, action
80
Generally, the ______ assigns the area’s quota to each of the area’s salespeople.
General manager
Buyer
Sales manager
Salesperson/salespeople themselves
81
Which of the following pairs represent common measures of sales volume?
Staff turnover and cross-training
Food cost and labor cost %
Advertising awareness and advertising ROI
Occupancy and total covers
82
Which of the following specific tools to communicate with customers are used by advertising?
Press releases
Inventive programs
Discounts
Outdoor billboards
83
One of the benefits of social selling is:
Reducing the price of products to be purchased
Conserving salespeople's valuable time
Increasing the persuasive power of the sales person
Reducing the perishability of services
84
One of the benefits of social selling is:
Conserving salespeople's valuable time
Reducing the price of products to be purchased
Reducing the perishability of services
Increasing the persuasive power of the sales person
85
Direct mail marketing is based on:
Sending emails only to customers opting to receive messages
Many-to-many-communication
Databases or lists
Immediate loop for feedback
86
Image differentiation - an image conveying a singular distinctive message about products major benefits and positioning.
True
False
87
For most companies, the first step in conducting online marketing is to use highly selective mailing lists.
False
True
88
Micromarketing: the practice of tailoring products and marketing programs fitting specific individual tastes or places:
LoMoSo
SoLoMo
None of them
MoLoSo
89
Which of the following is one of the most frequent frustrations of a salesperson?
Working regular hours
Not dealing with aggressive competing sales representatives
Working with a team
Nature of the job
90
Internal marketing seeks if employees are able and willing to deliver quality services (company's internal customers).
False
True
91
Differentiation concentrrates on achieving superior performance in an important customer area valued by a large market.
True
False
92
National, state, and local tourism agencies have the goal of promoting:
Only specific events at the destination
Specific hotels at destination who contributed the most to the local taxes
The destinations that they represent
Only the for-profit organizations at the destination
93
A vertical marketing system consists of different natural abilities to attract qualified channel members.
True
False
94
Slogans like “I Love NY” and “100% Pure New Zealand” contribute to _____ a destination.
Positioning
Informing travelers about
Developing
Managing
95
Price must be coordinated with symbolic and visual qualities.
True
False
96
A company’s promotional mix includes all of the following elements, except for:
Advertising
Public relations
Personal selling
Pricing
97
One of the most important functions of a distribution channel member is contact. Contact represents:
Finding and communicating with potential customers
Securing the funding that covers the cost of channel work
Developing a spreading persuasive communication about an offer
Gathering, distributing research, intelligence about marketing environment
98
There is _____ competition among destinations for leisure travelers.
Unknown
Intense
Weak
Sporadic
99
Digital marketing tools and platforms directly engaging anywhere, any time via computers, smartphones, tablets, smart TV
True
False
100
The inside sales force includes technical support persons, sales assistants, and telemarketers.
False
True