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science 8 midterm
what kind of scientist studies weather?
what is the inner core?
science 8 midterm
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#science #midterm #8grade
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Answers
1
what is the inner core?
upper mantle; molten rock
middle layer/lower mantle
outermost, rigid layer; crust & upper part of mantle
solid part of core
2
what kind of scientist studies weather?
meteorologist
paleontologist
volcanist
seismologist
3
put the layers in order
asthenosphere,mesosphere, lithosphere,inner core,outer core
inner core,outer core,asthenosphere, mesosphere, lithosphere
lithosphere, asthenosphe, mesosphere, outer core,inner core
inner core,outer core, lithosphere, asthenosphere,mesosphere
4
study of objects in space
meteorolgy
astronomy
geology
oceanography
5
S waves are also known as....
secondary and shear
seismic and severe
severe and shear
secondary and severe
6
what are earthquake zones?
places where plates meet
areas where earthquakes frequently occur
n & s pole switch position
2 plates seperate and magma rises to form new sea floor
7
what is a boundary?
areas where earthquakes frequently occur
places where plates meet
n & s pole switch position
2 plates seperate and magma rises to form new sea floor
8
magma forms when...
temperature decreases and/or pressure increases
temperature increases and/or pressure decreases
temperature decreases and/or pressure also decreases
temperature increases and/or pressure also increases
9
name 2 ways to reduce the environmental effects of mining
quarry
reclamation
crystals
recycle/reduce
10
what is a controlled experiment?
has only one variable/factor
new information finding error in process, new questions
deposit in large concentration that is profitable to mine
process of steps used to answer a question/problem
11
what is ore?
has only one variable/factor
process of steps used to answer a question/problem
new information finding error in process, new questions
deposit in large concentration that is profitable to mine
12
define crystals...
a repeating pattern of atoms, ions or molecules in a mineral
top layer of soil with minerals scrapped down
forms when rock becomes so hot it melts
sections of lithosphere
13
give 3 types of surface mines
open pit, quarry, strip mine
magma, profitable mine, open pit
profitable mine, strip mine, magma
closed pit, quarry, strip mine
14
which 3 are S waves?
slowest wave
moves side to side
cannot travel through liquids
arrive second
15
study of the processes that occur within the ocean and the effects humans have on them
meteorology
astronomy
oceanography
geology
16
what is a fault?
a line across a land mass
crack in the earth's crust
a volcano that has formed
where two mountains collide
17
describe difference between oceanic crust & continental crust in terms of thickness & density
they are both equal in thickness and density
continental crust in thinner and denser
oceanic crust is thinner and denser
18
what are characteristics of all minerals?
naturally occurring
crystalline structure
inorganic
solid
19
definition of observations/collect data
share with others what you have learned
determine if hypothesis is supported or not
use senses to record info from experiment in organized form
possible answer or explanation
20
Describe convection
hot molten rock rises, cools, sinks, and creates a current
cooled lava rock is melted into a current formation
hot molten lava rises and cools in place
cooled lava rock is broken into fragments, then melted down
21
volcanic activity occurs along mid atlantic ridge as what kind of plate boundaries seperate?
convergent
rift
transform
divergent
22
what is elastic rebound?
rock is compressed and then stretched back out again
rock stays in it's new state after being stretched
rock is compressed into a smaller, more dense size
rock springs back to original position after being stretched
23
Seismicwaves vary in speed based on _____&state of matter of the layer they are passingthrough.
state of matter
seismic waves
density
24
what is measured in meters cubed?
volume of liquid
volume of solid
25
name the three types of volcanos
composite, fragmented, shields
composite, cinder cones, shields
fragmented, shields, cinder cone
composite, fragmented, cinder cone
26
what are magnetic reversals?
places where plates meet
2 plates seperate and magma rises to form new sea floor
areas where earthquakes frequently occur
n & s pole switch position
27
what's the difference between compression and tension?
compression is squeezing, tension is stretching
compression is tightness, tension is colliding
compression is stretching, tension is squeezing
compression is stretching, tension is colliding
28
high levels of _____ and ______ in magma tend to cause more explosive eruptions.
water
ash
silica
molten lava rock
29
what measures liquifiability to flow?
thermometer
richter scale
viscosity
density meter
30
what is the motion of convergent plate boundaries?
collide
slide
separate
31
how does metamorphic rock form?
cooled magma
sediments are pressed/glued together
heat and pressure changes an existing rock
32
how does igneous rock form?
heat and pressure changes an existing rock
cooled magma
sediments are pressed/glued together
33
what is erosion?
rock fragments/sediments are moved by wind, water, ice
sediment is laid down
breakdown of rock into small pieces by wind, water, ice
movement within the earth that causes surface rock to move
34
what is the composition of the earth's mantle?
thinnest, outermost layer; mostly oxygen; silicon & aluminum
thickest;most of earths mass, magnesium/silicon/aluminum
center; mostly iron
35
what types of mountains are likely to form at a continental-continental boundary?
folded
compression
divergent
volcanic
36
compare lava to high viscosity to lava with low viscosity
high viscosity-fluid; low viscosity-stiff
high viscosity-stiff; low viscosity-fluid
high viscosity-stiff; low viscosity-clear
high viscosity-clear; low viscosity-dense
37
define tectonic plates...
top layer of soil with minerals scrapped down
a repeating pattern of atoms, ions or molecules in a mineral
forms when rock becomes so hot it melts
sections of lithosphere
38
what kind of scientist studies volcanoes?
meteorologist
volcanist
seismologist
paleontologist
39
what is a seafloor spreading?
places where plates meet
2 plates seperate and magma rises to form new sea floor
areas where earthquakes frequently occur
n & s pole switch position
40
what are the 3 types of rock?
sedimentary
magma
metamorphic
igneous
41
study of earth's matter and the processes that form and change earth
oceanography
geology
astronomy
meteorolgy
42
which layer of the earth does convection occur?
outer core
asthenosphere
lithosphere
crust
43
what is the outer core?
middle layer/lower mantle
liquid part of core
upper mantle; molten rock
solid part of core
44
what kind of scientist studies fossils?
seismologist
volcanist
meteorologist
paleontologist
45
P waves are known as...
pressure and particulate
primary and precise
precise and particulate
pressure and primary
46
where are volcanoes most likely to form?
divergent boundaries
tectonic plates
plate boundaries
fault line
47
what is the composition of the earth's core?
thickest;most of earths mass, magnesium/silicon/aluminum
center; mostly iron
thinnest, outermost layer; mostly oxygen; silicon & aluminum
48
definition of hypothesis
share with others what you have learned
possible answer or explanation
use senses to record info from experiment in organized form
perform on experiment
49
definition of report results/communicate
perform on experiment
possible answer or explanation
use senses to record info from experiment in organized form
share with others what you have learned
50
what is the motion of divergent plate boundaries?
separate
collide
slide
51
why is it important that scientists use the International System of Units?
Metric system has been around for centuries
The English system is easier to understand
using the same system makes measuring easy to understand
Each country has a different language
52
what is weathering?
movement within the earth that causes surface rock to move
breakdown of rock into small pieces by wind, water, ice
rock fragments/sediments are moved by wind, water, ice
sediment is laid down
53
which force causes sediment?
erosion
uplift
weathering
deposition
54
Hot spots usually occur as a plate moves over a mantle plume and new _________ will form.
plumes
land mass
volcanoes
hot spots
55
volcanoes, such as the hawaiian islands, form far from boundaries. these areas are called...
cold areas
hot spots
fault lines
plate boundaries
56
what is the mesosphere?
upper mantle; molten rock
outermost, rigid layer; crust & upper part of mantle
solid part of core
middle layer/lower mantle
57
Studying _______________ allows scientists to map the deep interior of the earth.
seismic waves
state of matter
density
58
what is it called when one plate goes under the other?
transform boundary
convection
subduction
divergent
59
what is uplift?
movement within the earth that causes surface rock to move
breakdown of rock into small pieces by wind, water, ice
rock fragments/sediments are moved by wind, water, ice
sediment is laid down
60
what is the motion of transform plate boundaries?
collide
separate
slide
61
what scale is used to measure the strength of an earthquake?
metric
seismic wave meter
magnitude
richter
62
study of patterns of change that take place in the atmosphere
meteorology
astronomy
geology
oceanography
63
what is the lithosphere?
solid part of core
middle layer/lower mantle
outermost, rigid layer; crust & upper part of mantle
upper mantle; molten rock
64
which 3 are P waves?
moves side to side
move back and forth
fastest wave
travels through solids, liquids and gases
65
nonexplosive volcanoes are... pick 3
cover much of the seafloor
can demolish a mountainside
most common
produce lava flows
66
what happens to a continental plate when an oceanic plate and a continental plate collide?
rises up
subducts
67
how does sedimentary rock form?
cooled magma
sediments are pressed/glued together
heat and pressure changes an existing rock
68
what is deposition?
rock fragments/sediments are moved by wind, water, ice
breakdown of rock into small pieces by wind, water, ice
sediment is laid down
movement within the earth that causes surface rock to move
69
how is an epicenter related to the focus of an earthquake?
epicenter is located under the surface
epicenter is located on the surface directly above the focus
epicenter is located left of the focus, below the surface
epicenter is located on the surface, right of the focus
70
what is magma?
top layer of soil with minerals scrapped down
forms when rock becomes so hot it melts
a repeating pattern of atoms, ions or molecules in a mineral
sections of lithosphere
71
explosive volcanoes are... pick 3
can demolish a mountainside
send dust-sized particles in air (ash)
produce lava flows
can effect earth's atmosphere for years
72
what are energy waves produced by earthquakes?
fastest waves
ripple effect
seismic waves
fault lines
73
what may cause a scientist to change or continue on investigation?
conflicting data from peers
process of steps used to answer a question/problem
their mind
new information finding error in process, new questions
74
another name for this type of convergent boundary is...
seismic waves
subduction
convection
convergence
75
what effects can a volcano have on the climate?
increase precipitation
increase temperature
decrease precipitation
decrease temperature
76
what is measured in liters?
volume of liquid
volume of solid
77
what is strip mining?
top layer of soil with minerals scrapped down
sections of lithosphere
forms when rock becomes so hot it melts
a repeating pattern of atoms, ions or molecules in a mineral
78
how does elastic rebound relate to earthquakes?
prevents damage to the earth's crust
causes damage due to erosion
no effect on earthquakes, unchanged
causes damage due to seismic waves
79
Seismicwaves vary in speed based on _____&state of matter of the layer they are passingthrough.
seismic waves
density
state of matter
80
what happens to an oceanic plate when an oceanic plate and a continental plate collide?
subducts
rises up
81
why does this occur?
clouds are transported over the lithosphere
ash is transported to the atmosphere
ash is buried in the earth's crust
clouds form over the volcano
82
what kind of scientist studies earthquakes?
volcanist
meteorologist
seismologist
paleontologist
83
tectonic plates move on top of which layer?
mesosphere
outer core
asthenosphere
lithosphere
84
which three are surface waves?
most destructive
moves up, down, around and back and forth
moves side to side
slowest wave
85
what is the asthenosphere?
outermost, rigid layer; crust & upper part of mantle
solid part of core
middle layer/lower mantle
upper mantle; molten rock
86
definition of compare/analyze results
determine if hypothesis is supported or not
share with others what you have learned
perform on experiment
possible answer or explanation
87
what forces change rock on the earth's surface?
erosion, crust, earthquakes, sleet
weathering, crust, rain, sleet
weathering, erosion, deposition, uplift
erosion, earthquakes, deposition, uplift
88
definition of test hypothesis
use senses to record info from experiment in organized form
possible answer or explanation
share with others what you have learned
perform on experiment
89
what is the composition of the earth's crust?
thinnest, outermost layer; mostly oxygen; silicon & aluminum
thickest;most of earths mass, magnesium/silicon/aluminum
center; mostly iron
90
what is the scientific method?
has only one variable/factor
new information finding error in process, new questions
process of steps used to answer a question/problem
deposit in large concentration that is profitable to mine
