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Elements and the Periodic Table
Elements and the Periodic Table
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1
In the 1800s, Dmitri Mendeleev organized the first truly useful _____.
table of materials
periodic table
periodic elements
table of stuff
2
The most chemically reactive metals are in Group 1 of the periodic table.
FALSE
TRUE
3
Why would it be very hard to determine the properties of a newly discovered synthetic element?
The element would combine the properties of the nuclei.
The element would not fit in the periodic table.
The element’s nuclei would break apart very quickly.
The element would lack many properties of ordinary elements.
4
Nonmetals can be found on the left side of the periodic table.
FALSE
TRUE
5
Which of the following statements about transition metals is true?
They are the most reactive of all the types of metals.
They are never found uncombined in nature.
They are so soft that they can be cut with an ordinary knife
They include familiar metals such as Au, Ag, Cu, and Ni.
6
Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are part of a family called
noble gases.
metalloids.
halogens.
alkali metals.
7
Mendeleev discovered that periodic patters appeared when he arrange the elements in order of
increasing atomic mass
decreasing atomic mass
decreasing atomic #
increasing atomic #
8
A material is said to be ductile if it
can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets and other shapes.
can be pulled out, or drawn, into a long wire.
can transfer heat or electricity to another material.
is a mixture of a metal with at least one other element.
9
All the matter in the sun & planets came from a __ an explosion that broke apart a massive star
supernova
supersuper
super fusion
nova fusion
10
How did chemists change Mendeleev's periodic table in the early 1900s?
Thye included properties such as melting point and density.
They used atomic number instead of atomic mass to organize.
They included chemical properties such as bonding power.
They used atomic mass instead of atomic number to organize.
11
Atoms of the halogen family of elements typically gain one electrons when they react.
FALSE
TRUE
12
Physical properties include characteristics that can be observed.
False
True
13
In stars, matter exists in the _______ state of matter.
gas
plasma
liquid
solid
14
Scientists use theses to look at objects that may be too small or too large too, etc to study.
ball
phone
map
model
15
The atomic number of an element is based on the
mass of its nucleus.
number of electrons around its core.
number of protons in its nucleus.
number of neutrons in its nucleus.
16
When two nuclei combine in a(n) __________ reaction, a huge amount of energy is released.
synthesization
supernova
fission
fusion
17
Mixtures are made up of two or more substances.
False
True
18
The modern periodic table is organized according to atomic number.
TRUE
FALSE
19
The elements in a column of the periodic table
have the same atomic mass.
have similar properties.
are in the same period.
have very similar chemical symbols.
20
The sun is made up mostly of
iron.
beryllium.
carbon.
hydrogen.
21
Which parts of the atom move around the nucleus?
atomic mass units
protons
neutrons
electrons
22
Most metals are NOT
good conductors of hear and electricity
liquid at room temperature
malleable
ductile
23
At room temperature, more than half of the nonmetal elements are
solids
liquids
gases
alloys
24
Describing a metal as ductile means that it can be pounded into a new shape.
TRUE
FALSE
25
What prediction did Mendeleev make that came true less than 20 years later?
He predicted the atomic numbers of unknown elements.
He predicted a total of 112 elements would be discovered.
Said that the table would be developed into 18 families.
He predicted 3 new elements would be discovered & their spot
26
a column of elements in the periodic table is called a
period
family
group
row
27
Which group of elements shares characteristics with both metals and nonmetals?
metalloids
alloys
salts
metals
28
A substance that will conduct electricity only under certain conditions is called a(n) _____.
semitheater
conductor
semiconductor
heater
29
Nonmetals are ________ conductors of heat and electricity.
poor
good
30
The two most common alkaline earth metals are
copper and zinc.
iron and silver.
sodium and potassium.
calcium and magnesium.
31
Each element is given a specific _______ that usually consists of one or two letters.
chemical name
chemical symbol
chemical equation
chemical comound
32
The elements in a row of the periodic table
have the same average atomic mass.
have properties that change in a pattern.
have the same or nearly the same properties.
are in the same family.
33
Fusion is the process in which existing nuclei combine and make new nuclei.
TRUE
FALSE
34
Not all elements are found naturally on Earth, so they must be made, or _________.
nuclear fission
synthesized
created
synthetic
35
In general, which of the following statements about metals is TRUE?
Tjeu are highly reactive substances.
They do not react with oxygen.
They shoe a wide range of chemical properties.
They need to be stored in sealed containers for safety.
36
The elements in a group of the periodic table have different characteristics.
FALSE
TRUE
37
Which of the following is a physical property of an element?
ability to tarnish
flammibility
color
ability to rust
38
The ________ is the very small center core of an atom.
neutrons
electrons
protons
nucleus
39
Which group contains the most elements?
transition metals
metalloids
metals
nonmetals
40
Neutrons have no charge; they are neutral.
TRUE
FALSE
41
Which property of Br could you NOT predict because it is a nonmetal in the halogen family?
highly reactive
liquid at room temperature
poor conductor of heat
poor conductor of electricity
42
Which if theses statements about a column of the periodic table is TRUE?
The elements have the same atomic number.
The elements have the same atomic mass.
The elements have a wide ranegs of properties.
The elements have similar properties.
43
Chocolate milk is an example of homogeneous mixture.
True
False
44
The property of an element that indicated the number of protons in its atom is the
atomic #
atomic mass
45
Elements that form diatomic molecules are found on which side of the table?
left
right
top
bottom
46
How does nuclear fusion create new elements inside stars?
Small nuclei combine to form larger nuclei.
Large nuclei combine, then form smaller nuclei.
All the nuclei repel each other because of their + charges.
Small nuclei cause large nuclei to break apart.
47
At room temperature, all the metalloids are solids, while most nonmetals are _______.
liquids
plasmas
gases
solids
48
Elements that can transmit electrocity
malliability
radioactivity
conductivity
ductility
49
Non pure substances are made of only one type of atom or molecule.
False
True
50
As you move across the periodic table, the reactivity
increases
decreases
51
Which particles in atoms have a negative electric charge?
electrons.
nuclei.
neutrons.
protons.
52
What information in the periodic table indicates the number of protons in an atom?
the position of the element in its column
the element’s atomic number
the element’s atomic mass
the element’s chemical symbol
53
A compound is a molecule that is composed of a single element.
False
True
54
From an element's location in the periodic table, you can predict
when it was discovered
its chemical symbol
its properties
its chemical name
55
A chemical bond is
the force that holds two atoms together.
a group of atoms that are joined together.
the basic particle of matter.
substance formed from the chem combination of 2 or more atom
56
Most metals are in the _______ state at room temperature.
gas
liquid
solid
plasma
57
What natural event gives enough energy for nuclear fusion reactions to create heavy elements?
a supernova
a plasma
a nebula
a particle accelerator
58
A(n) ________ is an example of a homogenous mitrure that is very evenly mixed.
compound
element
solution
pure substance
59
Elements known as ______ are located to the right of the metalloids on the periodic table.
metals
gases
nonmetals
metalloids
60
The horizontal rows in the periodic table are known as periods.
FALSE
TRUE
61
Mendeleev created the first periodic table by arranging elements in order of
decreasing atomic mass.
increasing atomic number.
increasing atomic mass.
increading melting points and densities.
62
An element’s _______ can be predicted from its location in the periodic table.
properties
similarities
differences
make-up
63
In general, the physical properties of nonmetals are similar to the properties of metals.
TRUE
FALSE
64
In the periodic table, the most reactive metals are found
in Groups 13-17
in Periods 6 and 7
in Group 1
in Period 1
65
To make the most synthetic elements, scientist use powerful machines called
nebulas
particle accelerators
semiconductors
supernovae
66
The elements that do not ordinarily form compounds are
elements in the carbon family.
halogens.
noble gases.
metals.
67
Because atoms are so small,
they cannot be synthesized by scientists.
scientists create models to describe them.
there is not way to describe them.
they cannot be made into smaller particles.
68
In an atom, the number of protons equals the number of
isotopes
electrons
neutrons
nuclei
