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Earth Science Fall Final Review
Earth Science Fall Final Review
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An #earth science review for the fall final, Pearson Earth Science, Tarbuck & Lutgens
Flashcards
48 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
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Questions
48
Answers
1
New crust is created at about 4 cm/yr. Which process contributes to this happening?
Shock waves are created when two plates move past each other
Tiny rock fragments are compressed to form new crust.
Crustal materials erode and are washed away.
Liquid magma rises to the Earth's surface.
2
Where would you least likely have an earthquake?
3
4
1
2
3
What is the formula for density?
Density = mass/volume
Density = volume/mass
4
Which arrow represents weathering and erosion?
6
1
4
3
5
Which will sink? Density of gas = 0.66 g/mL ; Density of water = 1.0 g/mL
Gas
Water
They will mix.
6
What is the most likely cause of the rock formation in the photograph?
Plate tectonics
Weathering
Earthquake compaction
Volcanic action
7
What process MOST likely caused the reduction in size of the volcano?
igneous intrusion
weathering
Plate movement
lava flow
8
All of the external physical properties of a mineral are the result of
type of mineral
the location where it was formed
heat and pressure
internal arrangement of atoms
9
A type of rock that forms from cooling molten rock, at or below the Earth's surface is
igneous rock
metamorphic rock
sedimentary rock
10
Which of the following BEST describes how clastic sedimentary rock is formed?
deposition, erosion, cementation, compaction
erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
compaction, erosion, cementation, deposition
erosion, compaction, deposition, cementation
11
How are plate tectonics and the rock cycle related?
Plate tectonics and the rock cycle are the same thing.
Plate tectonics slows down the rock cycle.
The rock cycle powers plate tectonics.
Plate tectonics drives the rocks cycle.
12
Which layer of the Earth is least dense?
4
3
1
2
13
Clastic sedimentary rocks form from
organic material deep in the ocean
precipitation from water
pieces of pre-exiting rock.
cooling magma
14
Which statement is MOST correct concerning H?
I came after H.
M and F formed at the same time as H.
The fault happened after H.
H happened after the fault occurred.
15
Which rock layer is the oldest?
F
R
B
H
16
At which location do the convection currents cause the plates to be divergent?
A
D
C
B
17
Which sediment shape was transported, in water, the furthest from the parent rock?
sub-angular
sub-rounded
angular
rounded
18
Which arrow represents heat and pressure?
7
6
4
1
19
Which type of earthquake wave does the greatest damage to buildings and infrastructure?
P-waves
Surface waves
S-waves
20
Which of the following is NOT a chemical sedimentary rock?
limestone
gypsum
halite (salt)
sandstone
21
Which statement about this rock is NOT correct?
concoidal fracture
cooled so fast the crystals had no time to form
made from clastic sediments.
extrusive igenous rock
22
A trench occurs at a plate boundary where
One plate is being forced beneath another.
One plate is sliding past another plate.
Two plates are diverging.
Two plates are colliding into each other
23
The order of the layers from the inside of the Earth outwards is
mantle, inner core, outer core, crust
inner core, outer core, crust, mantle
outer core, inner core, mantle, crust
inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
24
Which statement about this rock is NOT correct?
Composed of clastic sediments
intrusive igneous rock
Cooled slowly
granite
25
The Himalayan Mountains continue to grow taller and are being formed by
A transform fault.
Two oceanic plates converging.
Two continental plates converging.
An ocean plate subducting under a continental plate.
26
Which of the following is the BEST example of weathering?
Flowing water transports rocks to the ocean.
Wind blows sand from the dry river bed all over Sanders.
Lava cools and hardens into rock.
Wind and rain break down rock into smaller pieces.
27
Which property is being tested when you use your fingernail to scratch a mineral?
Color
Density
Hardness
Luster
28
Which of the following is a significant source of energy in the Earth?
radioactive decay
convection currents
volcanoes
molten rock
29
Landslides, also called mass wasting, are an example of
Sedimentation
Subduction
Erosion
Weathering
30
The tendency of some minerals to break along smooth, flat surface is called
Fracture
Color
Cleavage
Streak
31
Which of the following is NOT part of the definition of a mineral?
definite chemical composition
solid, liquid, or gas
naturally occurring
orderly crystalline structure
32
What MOST likely caused the formation of this cave, next to a beach?
Wind blowing sand across the face of the cliff.
Two plates sliding past each other.
Animals burrowing into the wall.
Water wearing away weak parts of the rock.
33
Which of the following is used to measure earthquake waves?
Telescope
Geiger counter
seismograph
radar
34
When the Earth's magnetic field reverses, what would most likely be affected?
The alignment of minerals, like iron, in newly formed crust.
The formation of new tectonic plates.
The length and severity of the seasons.
The direction of Earth's rotation on its axis.
35
Where would you most likely find igneous rocks?
near a volcano
at the bottom of a lake
deep in the Earth under high temperatures and pressures
in a sandy desert
36
Why does oceanic crust subduct under continental crust when plates collide?
Oceanic crust is thicker.
Continental crust is denser.
Continental crust is thicker.
Oceanic crust is denser.
37
Most of the Earth's earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain building occur
over hotspots
at plate boundaries
near rift zones
in the center of continents
38
Which feature is MOST likely formed from convergent plate boundaries?
D
C
A
B
39
Which seismograph is closest to the earthquake?
Seismogram C
Seismogram B
Seismogram A
40
Which of the following is used to determine the composition of Earth's interior?
radioactive decay
seismic waves
crust composition
plate tectonics
41
The Hawaiian Islands formed over an area in the mantle called a
hotspot
caldera
lava plateau
sea-floor spreading
42
Which rock layer is the youngest?
R
H
B
F
43
What two pieces of equipment do you need to find the density of a piece of granite rock?
balance and ruler
ruler and thermometer
graduated cylinder and thermometer
balance and graduated cylinder
44
Where does the energy from an earthquake come from?
From the moon's gravitational pull.
From rocks under stress shifting below the Earth's surface
From the weight of sediment built up on the rock layers.
From an increase in solar energy.
45
These islands are formed by converging tectonic plates. Which BEST describes this process?
Melting of oceanic crust at a subduction zone.
Production and deposition of magma from a rift zone.
Melting of oceanic curst at a mid-ocean ridge.
Production and deposition of magma from a hotspot.
46
Which of the following BEST represents erosion?
Wind and rain break down rock into smaller pieces.
Wind blows sand from dry river bed all over Sanders.
Sedimentary rock transforms into metamorphic rock.
Water cracks rock when it freezes and thaws.
47
Which layer of the Earth has the greatest density and is composed of nickel and iron?
1
2
3
4
48
Cools and solidifies is represented by arrow #
2
4
1
5
