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ISYE335
Measure phase includes defining (select all)
Which statement best describes takt time?
ISYE335
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1
Which statement best describes takt time?
Time it takes to create a part from start to finish
(Cyce Time)/(Lead Time)
Production Efficiency
Reciprocal Demand Rate
2
Measure phase includes defining (select all)
KPIV
FMEA
SIPOC
Time study
3
What is Bias in measurements?
The difference between accuracy and precision of measurement
The likelyhood of a millenial to buy a Prius
Repeatability of measurements
Difference between observed average and true measurement
4
What is one step in the DMAIC process?
analyze
determine
constrain
initialize
5
What is category of cost of quality?
Design Costs
Approval Costs
Prevention Costs
Material Costs
6
What does SIPOC stand for?
Suppliers, Inputs, Processes, Outputs, Customers
Statisital Input Processes of Customers
Ship, Input, Produce, Order, Construct
Statistics, Inputs, Practice, Outliers, Consumers
7
What is the objective of the Analyze step in DMAIC?
both a and b
to determine the cause/effect relationships in the process
to understand the different sources of variability.
to understand and analyze the define and measure steps
8
In a VSM, what process data does NOT need to be collected?
Processing Time
Number of machines
Takt rate
Number of people
9
Repeatability and reproducability are the same in all but what measurement condition?
Characteristic
Setup
Measuring instrument
Person
10
What does DMAIC stand for?
- Define, Measure, Alternative, Impair, and Control
Define Movement, Analyze, Improve, and Conductive
Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control
Diminish, Manage, Analyze, Improve, and Control
11
VOC is included in
Quality Planning
Quality Control
Quality Improvement
Quality Assurance
12
What is one deliverable from the Control phase?
A system for monitoring the implemented solution
Completed project charter and plans
High-level process map
Identification of value-add and non-value-add work
13
What are stratification factors
Inputs that help identify important patterns in the data
Y data' output metrics
Data that can only have one of two values
14
why does the non-value added considered a waste?
not required for financial or other business reasons.
required for financial or other business reasons.
it adds no value to the customer's perspective.
both a and b
15
If you are looking to select and define a project, how can you identify a target area?
collect information that relates to the businesss
looking at what's important to the business
gathering ideas from diverse sources
all of the above
16
What is an aspect of Gauge Percision?
Bias
Repeatability
Linearity
Stability
17
What is takt time?
The amount of customer demand divded by the average price
The amount of available work divided by the customer demand
The average price divided by the customer demand
The amount of available work divided by the average price
18
What is not one dimension of quality?
Performance
Affordability
Aesthetic
Serviceability
19
What percent within the specification limit is 2 sigmas?
98.64%
99.73%
96.54%
95.45%
20
Which of the following is not a program that caused the TQM to succeed?
Zero Defects
Quality is Free
Quantity is Free
Value Engineering
21
Which process mapping technique requires the most detail?
Value Stream Map
Process Map
Project Charter
SIPOC
22
What is a determining factor of gauge precision?
Linearity
Repeatability
Stability
Bias
23
Can you skip a step in the DMAIC process?
Maybe
Only if you have an obvious solution
No
24
What are the common standards for %Study Var? and define each one?
Less than 10%: (good)
10%-30% may be acceptable
all of the above
more than 30% unacceptable
25
What is a type of continuous data?
Gender
Cost
Car Type
Region
26
What is the first step to drawing a current state map?
Draw the Customer
Draw the Time-Line
Draw the Suppliers
Buy Post-its
27
Name 4 dimensions of product quality
Performance
Durability
Reliability
Aesthetics
28
What is another term for Cycle Time?
Lead Time
Wait Time
Process Time
Changover Time
29
What are the two worst ways of choosing samples?
Based on judgment and convenience
All of the above
Based on judgment and time
Based on time and flexibility
30
What are 2 types of data
quantitative
continuous
qualitative
discrete
31
What is the strong emphasis in Deming's 14 points?
Six Sigma
Reduction of waste
Listening to the Voice of the Customer
Organizational change
32
Which tool is NOT useful in the Analyze step?
Regression Analysis
Confidence Interval
Hypothesis Testing
Pilot Test
33
"How often a part or product is completed by a process, as timed by observation."
Changeover Time
Lead Time
Cycle Time
Value Added Time
34
What is a dimension of quality?
Strength
Nonconforming specifications
Variability
Serviceability
35
Where should a value stream map be started?
inventory
the process
the end customer
time observations
36
Components of measurement variation are
gauge precision
gauge accuracy
all of the above
gauge sensitivity
37
What is the first step in creating a value stream map?
None of the above
Drawing boxes and lines
Determine what individual product or service you will map
Both a and b
38
When Collecting Samples what is the best practice for choosing samples from a population.
Random
Systematic
Convienience
Judgement
39
In what part of DMAIC would you make a SIPOC diagram?
Control
Analyze
Measure
Define
40
Which is a dimension of quality?
Responsiveness
Durability
Security
Access
41
Kappa Analyis is best used for?
Continuous data
Discrete data
42
What is the main goal for addressing Deming’s Seven Deadly Diseases of Management?
to improve the management skills
it doesn't effect his philosophy
a barrier to the effective implementation of his philosophy
43
Which of the following is a benefit of a frequency plot checksheet?
Keeps exact data of the timing of the process
It is color coordinated
Automatically shows distribution of items
Easy to do fill out during the process
44
In 1987 this organization is credited for starting Six-Sigma...
Toyota
Motorola
Ford
US Bureau of Labor Statistics
45
What is not one of the typical sources of bias?
Grouping
Self-Exclusion
Familiarity
Self-Selection
46
How do you calculate takt time?
Worktime/WIP
Customer Demand/Work Time
WIP/Work Time
Work Time/Customer Demand
47
The "warning traingle" icon in the value steam mapping is used to capture what?
Wasted time
Location and amount of inventory
Amount of inventory
Takt time
48
When do you use Kaizen
When obvious waste sources have been identified
When results are not needed
Whe implementation risk is maxiumum
49
In what step is Gauge R&R used?
Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
50
What are the two types of sampling?
Population & Process
Process & Certainty
Frequency & Situation
Population & Frequency
51
Push lanes are
Solid
Striped
Black
Blank
52
Which one is not a dimension of quality?
Responsiveness
Speed
Reliability
Performance
53
What is the process time in a VSM?
the value added time it takes to complete a certain step
the time it takes to prep the work station
the entire cycle time
the non-value added time it takes to complete a certain step
54
What is Lead time?
Time a part if actually being processed
Time a part is waiting for the next process
Time to complete, excluding delays
Time to complete, including delays
55
What's the best way to start your Value Stream Map
Deliverables
Process Flow
Material flow
56
Which is not one of the 3 types of quality characteristics?
Sensory
Time Orientation
Design
Physical
57
How do you indicate the movement of goods to a customer in a value stream map?
Striped arrow
Process box
Truck icon and a broad arrow
Data box
58
What does C/O stand for on a value stream map?
Changover time
Cost over
Change out
check on
59
How do you calculate Kappa?
(1 - P observed) / (P chance - P observed)
(1 - P chance) / (P observed - P chance)
(P observed - P chance) / (1 - P chance)
(P chance - P observed) / (1 - P observed)
60
What is the first Key Step in "Improve" phase for DMAIC?
Develop potential solutions
develop and execute full-scale implementation plan
develop and implement pilot solution
confirm attainment of project goals
61
What is the Definition of Quality Improvement
A process to improve the quality of processes
A way to Improve the Quality of a product
Reduction of variability in process and products
Increase in the amount of Quality Assurance Checks
62
Measurment Value and Range can be (respectively)
Only Positive/Only Positive
Either/Only Positive
Either/Either
Only Positive/Either
63
What does a traveler check sheet do?
Collecting customer data
A check sheet that travels with the work item
Map the process at a high level
Show the flow of information
64
Which of the following is not an example of an "Internal Failure Cost"
Downtime
Scrap
Rework
Warranty Charges
65
What's FIFO?
Full Initial Forecast Operations
Financial Incentive Future Outcomes
First In Final Out
First In First Out
66
What is Takt Time?
Sum of Cycle Time, Handeling Time Set-up Time
the amount of available time divided by customer demand
Customer Demand divided by Available Time
67
What goes in the middle as the Output (y) on a stratification tree?
Measurements you will take
Stratification factors
Questions you have about the process
The core problem you are trying to solve
68
What is a Project scope?
Related Project Activities
Reaching certain Milestones in project
Any item that will be produced
The sum of project deliverables
69
Which is NOT a stratification factor?
Coffee taste
brew Time
Brew temp
Bean Type
70
What type of information should your Problem Statement focus on?
Symptoms
Causes
Solutions
Effects
71
Which diagram captures a high-level view of targeted operations?
Process Map
Swim-lane Flowchart
SIPOC
Value Stream Map
72
What is a useful tool in the "Analyze" phase for DMAIC?
control charts
confidence interval estimation/calculation
regression analysis
hypothesis testing
73
What is an example of a dimension of quality?
texture
brand name
reliability
inches
74
What is the shape of the delay/inventory icon in a VSM?
Triangle
Multiple triangles
Square
Circle
75
What is Little's Law used to calculate? (Typically in the measure phase).
Lead Time
Standard Deviation
ANOVA
Cycle Time
76
What Does DMAIC stand for?
Define Measure Analyze Implent Control
Define Measure Analyze Improve Control
Define Measure Analyze Improve Complete
Decide Meander Apples Ignore Complete
77
What stage is a SIPOC used in DMAIC?
measures
improve
define
analyze
78
What type of data do you gather in a frequency chart
Continuous
Binary
Infinite
Discrete
79
When do we use the Kaizen Approach?
When results are required immediately
When implementation risk is minimal
when scope and boundaries of the problem is clearly defined
When obvious waste sources are identified
80
FMEA (Failure modes and effects analysis) is an important tool in which step of the DMAIC?
Analyze
Define
Improve
Measure
81
What is a useful tool during analyze stage of DMAIC
FMEA
RPN
Process Map
82
Of the following time measurements, which is usually the smallest?
Lead Time
Up Time
Value Added Time
Cycle Time
83
What are operational definitions?
Clear instructions on how to take a particular measurement
Determine needed sample size
Measures most strongly linked to customer needs
Descriptive characteristics
84
What does the eyeglass icon stand for in Value Stream Mapping?
look and account for inventory
"go see" scheduling
"go see" management
look for defects
85
What is a Value-Added Time (VA)?
to add value to time
time to transform the product to something bought
how long it takes to have value for time
none of the above
86
What is an example of discrete data?
time
temperature
height
binary
87
What type of line is used in a value-stream map to represent non-electronic information flow?
Thin Line without ZigZag
Thin Line with ZigZag
Dotted Line
Thick Line
88
What is discrimination in Measure System Analysis (MSA)?
the average's deviation from the true value
the system's ability to detect changes in the characteristic
estimate of the variation between the parts being measured
the distance between the observed average and the true value
89
What is a spaghetti diagram good for?
Nothing
Examining purchases
Tracking the flow of information, material, and people.
Analyzing and improving workflow
90
In Kappa Analysis, the measurement system is NOT adequate if…
Kappa is greater than or equal to 0.9
Need to do more calculations to find out.
None of the above, cannot be determined.
Kappa is lower than 0.7
91
What would be done in the Measure phase of DMAIC?
Implement New System
Direct Time Study on Employees
Set New Standards
Hire Outside Consulting
92
What is Z_(a/2) for 95% confidence interval?
1.96
2.57
1.69
1.99
93
Select all that are examples of external failure costs
Car wrong color when customer recieves it
broken when customer recieves it
rework in the facilty
Scrap work in the facilty
94
CTQ stands for what?
Cycle Time Quality
Caliber Tabulation Quantification
Cycle Takt Qualification
Critical To Quality
95
What is one of the objectives of doing value-add/non-value add analysis?
increase process lead time
reduce unnecessary process complexity
evaluate idle time and delays
decrease capacity by better utilizing resources
96
In a “by operator “ chart what features are you looking for?
all the data points are in the same place
the slope is continuous and postive
the slope is continuous and negative
The line connecting all the averages are flat
97
When do you use the Kaizen DMAIC framework?
All of the above
When results are needed immediately
When implementation risk is minimal
When obvious waste sources have been identified
98
Which of the following are key steps in the Define phase?
Review project charter
Validate problem statement and goals
Create/validate process map and scope
All of the above
99
What chart is used to detect reproducibility?
Xbar Chart
R Chart
By Part chart
100
The first DMAIC step where you can actually start coming up with solutions of current state?
Initial
Analyze
Measure
Improve
101
What is the optimum range of team members for a Kaizen DMAIC?
12 to 14
4 to 6
9 to 11
6 to 8
102
What does DMAIC stand for?
Damaged, Measure, Analyze, Improce, Contain
Define, Measure, Anaylze, Improve, Control
Damaged, Measure, Anticipate, Improve, Contain
Define, Manual, Analyze, Improve, Control
