The Black Death led to

the collapse of the medieval manor system.

Cultural diffusion may have affected an early civilization

when people adopted new customs, skills, and technologies.

The pope excommunicated all Crusaders taking part in the Fourth Crusade because they

attacked a Christian city to pay passage to the Holy Land.

What led early civilizations to create calendars?

the need to track yearly flooding and growing seasons

Europe became a feudal society because

they needed to defend themselves against raids & invasions.

The phrase “bread and circuses” referred to

free food & entertainment by government to distract the poor

What led to the emergence of more defined social ranking?

the growth of settled communities

Scholars think early people might have believed in life after death because

they put food and objects in graves.

Wealthy Romans dominated politics during the Pax Romana because

officials were not paid so only wealthy could participate

Which of the following was one way that the lives of people in agricultural societies changed?

now spend time doing activities other than food production.

Ancient civilizations waged war in order to

gain control of rich land or natural resources.

Sumerians developed a large trading network because

they lacked raw materials such as wood and metal.

Some Christians objected to the presence of icons in churches because they believed

the use of icons was too close to the worship of idols.

The Four Noble Truths teach that

everyone desires materials, overcoming will end suffering

Why did Octavian adopt the title “first citizen”?

to avoid the title of king or emperor

Mountains, hills, and deserts helped the Chinese to thrive because

these features protected China from invasion.

The Eastern Roman Empire

became known as the Byzantine Empire.

The bishops of Rome claimed to have authority over all other bishops because

they were seen as Peter’s spiritual heirs.

What led to the downfall of both the Inca Empire and the Aztec Empire?

the arrival of Spanish explorers

Why did the pope name Charlemagne Emperor of the Roman People?

to thank Charlemagne for keeping him in power

Although the people of Constantinople referred to themselves as Romans

Greek cultural influences grew stronger over time.

The first civilization arose in Mesopotamia because

the area was suitable for agriculture.

The pope’s influence in the Middle Ages resulted from

the fact that nearly everyone in Europe was Christian.

The people of India’s first civilization depended on monsoon rains to bring water for crops

and to cause flooding which deposited fertile soil.

Once North African traders learned how to cross the Sahara safely

Ghana became as a key player in the gold and salt trade.

Islam began to be practiced along the East Africa coast because

many foreign traders were Muslim.

Muhammad left Mecca because

his teachings made it unsafe for him to stay there.

As a conquered people in the Roman Empire

the Jews did not abandon monotheism.

Why did pharaohs have absolute power in Egypt?

Egyptians believed the pharaoh was a god in human form.

What was an effect of the Columbian Exchange?

exchange of foods & animals had a impact on societies

studbud

1st Semester World Final Review

100 termsStudBud Administration184 plays

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
The Black Death led to
the collapse of the medieval manor system.
greater religious tolerance in Western Europe.
the end of the Hundred Years’ War.
massive witch hunts throughout Europe.
2
Cultural diffusion may have affected an early civilization
by making it more difficult to control trade.
when people adopted new customs, skills, and technologies.
by lowering the standards for entry into a craft guild.
by encouraging the preservation of distinct characteristics.
3
Which of the following is considered one of the most important leaders in European history?
Louis the Pious
Hugh Capet
Charlemagne
Charles Martel
4
The pope excommunicated all Crusaders taking part in the Fourth Crusade because they
burned the holy city of Jerusalem to the ground.
attacked a Christian city to pay passage to the Holy Land.
worshipped idols and prayed to icons.
massacred entire communities of Jews in Europe.
5
The Third Punic War was caused by
Hannibal’s invasion of the countryside.
the assassination of Julius Caesar.
Rome’s desire for revenge.
Carthage’s resistance to Roman expansion.
6
What led early civilizations to create calendars?
the need to chart nomadic movements
the need to chart electoral cycles as governments developed
determining religious holidays
the need to track yearly flooding and growing seasons
7
Europe became a feudal society because
skilled craftspeople had emerged as farming improved.
rarity of cash required land to be used as a payment
overpopulation required an efficient agricultural system
they needed to defend themselves against raids & invasions.
8
The phrase “bread and circuses” referred to
reluctance of wealthy Romans to become involved in politics.
prosperity that allowed most Romans to live life of leisure.
the weekly market held in the Forum.
free food & entertainment by government to distract the poor
9
What led to the emergence of more defined social ranking?
the emergence of Neanderthals
the adoption of a nomadic lifestyle
the growth of settled communities
migration to the Americas
10
Scholars think early people might have believed in life after death because
surviving cave art shows the dead being reborn.
surviving statues from the period seem to be of angels.
they did not bury their dead.
they put food and objects in graves.
11
Humanism was inspired by interest in
Buddhist philosophy.
Greek and Roman culture.
scientific writings.
Catholic doctrines.
12
Which of the following advanced the idea that “the end justifies the means”?
Donato Bramante
Christine de Pisan
Baldassare Castiglione
Niccolò Machiavelli
13
Hindus believe atman is released at death and later reborn in another body in a process called
reincarnation.
moksha.
karma
devas
14
Wealthy Romans dominated politics during the Pax Romana because
only patricians were allowed to hold office.
officials were not paid so only wealthy could participate
most citizens were uninterested in politics.
the Roman masses cared only about bread and circuses.
15
Which of the following was one way that the lives of people in agricultural societies changed?
People now had to spend all of their time producing food.
Gender divisions blurred since everyone worked in farms.
Agricultural societies more peaceful than nomadic societies.
now spend time doing activities other than food production.
16
Ancient civilizations waged war in order to
impose their religion on other cultures.
protect the herds of pastoralists.
gain control of rich land or natural resources.
spread their ideas, beliefs, customs, and technology.
17
Sumerians developed a large trading network because
their army was not powerful.
they wanted slaves to build ziggurats.
the empire included many different kingdoms.
they lacked raw materials such as wood and metal.
18
Some Christians objected to the presence of icons in churches because they believed
icons gave iconoclasts too much power.
icons had little artistic merit.
icons would be used to teach illiterate people Christianity.
the use of icons was too close to the worship of idols.
19
In the Hellenistic world, the city-state was replaced as the main political unit by the
kingdom
military.
assembly.
polis.
20
To represent three-dimensional objects on flat paper, Renaissance artists studied
perspective.
astronomy.
the work of Lorenzo de Medici.
humanism.
21
The Four Noble Truths teach that
special techniques used to harness energy & achieve nirvana
harming animals in any way is morally wrong.
everyone desires materials, overcoming will end suffering
all people must respect the elders & care for children
22
Christians drove the Moors out of the Iberian Peninsula during the
Battle of Hastings.
First Crusade.
Reconquista.
sagas.
23
Who won the Hundred Years’ War?
the English
the Muslims
the Lancasters
the French
24
Where did the world’s first civilizations arise?
in sub-Saharan Africa
in North America
in sparsely populated areas
along fertile river valleys
25
Why did Octavian adopt the title “first citizen”?
to emphasize that he had more power than other magistrates
to show that he was retiring from politics
to avoid the title of king or emperor
to illustrate the duties of citizens in a republic
26
Which king drove the Vikings north of London?
Henry
Harold
Alfred
William
27
Buddha taught to end suffering my living the
Mahabharata.
nirvana
the Extreme Way.
the Eightfold Path.
28
Mountains, hills, and deserts helped the Chinese to thrive because
dangers there taught the Chinese how to be great warriors
features encourage Chinese to become expert hunter/gatherers
provided varied ecosystems for variety of plants & animals.
these features protected China from invasion.
29
The Eastern Roman Empire
fell to Germanic tribes called the Vandals.
relocated the capital to Antioch.
rejected all forms of Christianity.
became known as the Byzantine Empire.
30
The city-state of Sparta was characterized by
democratic institutions.
dependence upon the sea.
an emphasis on temple worship.
an emphasis on warfare.
31
The bishops of Rome claimed to have authority over all other bishops because
they were descended from Jesus.
Rome was the most powerful city in the Empire.
they were seen as Peter’s spiritual heirs.
they were seen as Paul’s spiritual heirs.
32
What led to the downfall of both the Inca Empire and the Aztec Empire?
the arrival of Spanish explorers
a massive meteor that caused catastrophic damage
climate change
internal warfare between city-states
33
Which of the following built the largest empire in South America?
the Nazca
the Moche
the Incas
the Aztecs
34
What prompted the development of record-keeping systems?
the invention of written language
the growing power of religion
economic transactions
the establishment of graveyards in permanent settlements
35
Why did the pope name Charlemagne Emperor of the Roman People?
to reward the Lombards for faithful service to the church
to thank Charlemagne for keeping him in power
to ensure Charlemagne would not attack the Papal States
Charlemagne refused pope’s authority unless crowned emperor
36
“What is truth?” is a question associated with
Socrates.
Aristophanes.
Aristotle.
Homer.
37
Although the people of Constantinople referred to themselves as Romans
eastern emperors not interested restoring the Roman Empire.
emperor made Latin the official language instead of Greek.
Greek cultural influences grew stronger over time.
they were actually descendants of Germanic tribes.
38
The first civilization arose in Mesopotamia because
people in the Fertile Crescent had a vibrant religious life.
the area was suitable for agriculture.
the Phoenicians had become expert sailors.
the Hittites were able to master ironworking techniques.
39
The pope’s influence in the Middle Ages resulted from
the powerful army he headed under General Charlemagne.
the fact that nearly everyone in Europe was Christian.
the economic influence of the Papal States.
his appointment by the Roman Emperor.
40
Which of the following advances in farming was most important in the development of cities?
the plow
irrigation
domestication of cattle
use of metal tools
41
The population of Native Americans in Spanish colonies dropped by more than
75 percent.
90 percent.
30 percent.
10 percent.
42
The people of India’s first civilization depended on monsoon rains to bring water for crops
which only happened every other year.
and wash away accumulated debris from city streets.
and to cause flooding which deposited fertile soil.
and to loosen rocks used for building.
43
Which of the following was one of Diocletian’s reforms?
He divided the empire in two.
He provided free food and entertainment to Roman citizens.
He issued the Edict of Milan.
He issued the first written law code.
44
Once North African traders learned how to cross the Sahara safely
Mombasa emerged as a key player in African trade.
Europeans began to search Africa for gold.
Swahili spread to West Africa.
Ghana became as a key player in the gold and salt trade.
45
Islam began to be practiced along the East Africa coast because
Swahili leaders were Muslim.
Muslim Great Zimbabwe had conquered them.
Muslim Ethiopia conquered them.
many foreign traders were Muslim.
46
Muhammad left Mecca because
he wanted to spread his message.
he believed Allah commanded him to do so.
the Kaaba had been destroyed.
his teachings made it unsafe for him to stay there.
47
Homo sapiens means
modern man.
wise man.
upright man.
southern ape.
48
The schism of 1054
created two distinct churches.
ended the golden age of Byzantine art and architecture.
led to beginning of Muslim invasions of the Byzantine Empire
increased the power of the pope.
49
As a conquered people in the Roman Empire
the Jews were forced to convert to Christianity.
the Jews did not abandon monotheism.
Jews were denied religious freedom.
all Jews cooperated with Roman rule.
50
Why did pharaohs have absolute power in Egypt?
Pharaohs ruled the country using terror.
kingdom was small enough him to exercise complete control.
believed the pharaoh received instructions from the vizier.
Egyptians believed the pharaoh was a god in human form.
51
What was an effect of the Columbian Exchange?
exchange of foods & animals had a impact on societies
Triangular trade became less profitable.
Native American diseases destroyed European populations.
Llamas began to be used as beasts of burden.
52
How did the Magyars differ from the Vikings?
They were peaceful rather than warlike.
They were nomads horsemen,
They were Muslims, rather than Christians.
They were never defeated, unlike the Vikings.
53
Why did Constantine build a new capital?
to escape the authority of the pope
to commemorate where he experienced religious conversion
because the east was richer and better defended
because he had a huge budget surplus
54
Which of the following was one effect of the Crusades?
Trade decreased.
The feudal system strengthened.
Jews moved to Jerusalem.
Relations between religious groups became more strained.
55
What common feature did many African societies share?
They originated in sub-Saharan Africa.
forced to pay tribute to stronger groups in area
They claimed to be descendants of the Queen of Sheba.
They were village-based cultures built around clans.
56
North African traders crossed the Sahara to trade salt for
ivory.
spices.
gold.
food.
57
Egyptians practiced mummification in order to
show their respect to pharaohs.
keep the ka from vanishing.
preserve the body for resurrection.
find cures for common diseases.
58
The idea of Monotheism differs from polytheism in which way?
One God
Reincarnation
Many Gods
Life after death
59
Who created the statues of David & Pietà, and the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?
Baldassare Castiglione
Ignatius of Loyola
William Shakespeare
Michelangelo Buonarroti
60
Which of the following was the most important resource in most Bantu societies by AD 900?
iron ore
gold
land
cattle
61
Johannes Gutenberg’s invention has been described as revolutionary because
easier access to books, more people learned to read/paint
with oil paints, Renaissance artists could paint much more
until guilds were unable to control the goods they produced.
large pool of unemployed workers industrialized Europe.
62
The statement “I found Rome built of bricks; I leave her clothed in marble” refers to
ambitious building program initiated under Augustus’s rule.
ambitious building program initiated under Hannibal’s rule.
development of massive rock quarries in the countryside.
rebuilding of Rome after Carthage burned the city down.
63
Where was Mecca located?
in the largest oasis of the Sinai Desert
on the Arabian Peninsula near the Red Sea
on the Arabian Peninsula near the Mediterranean Sea
at the mouth of the Nile River
64
Which of the following is a characteristic of civilizations?
pastoralists
job specialization
absence of art
trade
65
Distinct cultures and ways of life developed in Africa because
different regions have different Environments
the continent is about twice as large as the United States.
people migrated to Africa from different parts of the world.
strict laws forbid marrying outside of one’s village.
66
Why did a group of senators murder Julius Caesar?
to prevent him from destroying the Roman Republic
because he was waging a civil war
to dismantle the Republic & return power to the monarchy
because he was extremely unpopular with the Roman people
67
The Aztec Empire grew wealthy through
rich natural resources.
tribute and trade.
rich farmland and control of excellent hunting ground.
the sale of slaves.
68
Mesoamerica was the site of the first farming settlements in the Americas because
people settled there first.
temperatures, rainfall, and soils were ideal for farming.
the groups that lived there were vegetarians.
Europeans brought seeds and domesticated animals there first
69
Scholars in Aachen performed which of the following important services?
They defended libraries against raids by the Vikings.
made copies of ancient texts for monasteries across Europe.
They taught Charlemagne how to read and write.
opened finishing schools for young ladies for upper classes.
70
Which of the following organs was left in the body when mummifying it?
the liver
the brain
the heart
the lungs
71
The Battle of Salamis was significant because it
finally exacted revenge for Darius’s defeat in Athens.
stranded the Persian army in Greece without naval support.
made a small force of Spartans martyrs for the Greek cause.
first time the Spartans and Athenians cooperated in battle.
72
Why did the Phoenicians turn to trade and the sea for their livelihood?
because constant flooding made agriculture impossible
they needed a purple die used to color traditional garments
because farming was difficult and resources were limited
because Phoenicians needed concrete for buildings
73
What led to the building of permanent settlements?
the development of agriculture
development of simple governments
the end of bloody warfare
migration to the Americas
74
Greeks tried to ensure that the gods and goddesses would protect them and their city-states by
telling stories about their lives.
building them homes on Mount Olympus.
performing rituals and sacrifices.
writing epics.
75
Why did the pharaoh in Egypt make the Hebrews slaves?
fear they would take over Egypt because of large population
He believed they were began plague that killed his son.
He opposed the teachings of the Torah.
fear of take over Egypt because they were mighty warriors.
76
Why did the Persian emperor Darius attack the Greek mainland?
to kidnap Helen, the beautiful queen of Athens
to punish Athens for aiding the Ionians' revolt vs Persian
to gain control of Greece’s vast natural resources
to exact revenge for the Athenians’ victory at Marathon
77
What was the end result of the Wars of the Roses?
The French drove the English out of their country.
The Lancasters won the throne.
The plague was spread by soldiers.
A Tudor nobleman took the throne, began a new era in English
78
What was the result of the first Persian invasion?
The Persians won but Darius was killed in the battle.
The Athenians won.
Ionia won its independence.
The Spartans won.
79
At the time of Muhammad’s birth, what brought religious pilgrims to Mecca?
the Kaaba
the Dome of the Rock
the House of Wisdom
the variety of mosques
80
what is the importance of Italian city-states to the Renaissance?
The Catholic Church pushed for discovery
merchants sought to display their new wealth.
Italian brought paintings & sculpture back from the east
As agricultural centers, sold them to foreign markets.
81
African society changed around the 500s BC as a result of the development of
the Bantu.
ironworking.
written language.
griots
82
What was the Hanseatic League?
a guild of troubadours that allowed women to join
a network of towns that promoted & protected trade
towns that worked together to out bid each other
speakers of the vernacular
83
Alexander’s empire did not grow any larger because
his soldiers wanted to return home.
his generals began fighting for power.
the Hindu Kush defeated him.
he reached all his goals.
84
Why was King Otto finally able to defeat the Magyars in the mid-900s?
A plague had weakened the Magyar army.
The Germans had discovered gunpowder.
Europeans bread a faster horse.
The Magyars had settled into a permanent home.
85
Which of the following accurately describes the economy of the Incas?
government-controlled
weak
free market
dependent upon slavery
86
The goal of the First Crusade was to
conquer Constantinople.
take Jerusalem and the Holy Land away from the Muslims.
convert Muslims to Christianity.
take Jerusalem and the Holy Land away from the Byzantines.
87
Vikings began raiding northern Europe because
they wanted to spread their religion.
they wanted to stop attacks on Scandinavia.
they had converted to Christianity & sought Christian relics
Viking farmers could not grow enough food.
88
How did the Renaissance contribute to the Age of Exploration?
by Europeans that the pursuit of wealth was all-important
by emphasizing the importance of converting to Christianity
by awakening a spirit of discovery and innovation in Europe
by fostering a belief in the importance of working group
89
“All the walls of that shrine were so splashed & caked with blood" describes who
the Iroquois
the Olmec
the Anasazi
the Aztecs
90
The Muslim place of worship is called a
minaret
Caaba.
hadith.
mosque.
91
Which of the following occurred as a result of Martin Luther’s stand against indulgences?
The Protestant Reformation began.
Bapstists spread to England and Scotland,
Germany rejected Lutheranism and remained Roman Catholic.
Henry VIII started a religion in England called Anabaptism.
92
Who was the first king of Israel?
Nebuchadnezzar II
Solomon
Saul
David
93
How did Charlemagne ensure that his counts remained loyal and did their jobs well?
replacing all local rulers with the Carolingian family
by sending monks to convert them to Christianity
a system of rewards & punishments administered by inspectors
by ensuring that they received excellent educations
94
The Buddha taught
suffering is not part of human life.
it is best to avoid meditation.
those who follow the Eightfold Path can attain nirvana.
following your desires leads to enlightenment.
95
a major difference between the Maya civilization and other civilizations in Mesoamerica?
It engaged in trade, while others did not.
It was much larger than the others.
its leaders preferred diplomacy over warfare.
It emerged much earlier than any other civilization.
96
The economy of the Muslim community depended largely on
subsistence agriculture.
the banking industry.
commerce.
manufacturing.
97
Why do scientists call the period before about 3000 BC prehistory?
no important historical events happened before that time
humans did not exist before that time
scholars have learned nothing about that period of time
writing did not exist at that time
98
Paul of Tarsus helped to attract non-Jews to Christianity by
following Jewish food laws.
dispensing with some Jewish customs.
actively opposing the teaching that Jesus was the Messiah.
remaining in Rome.
99
Who took the throne in Macedonia after King Philip II was assassinated?
Archimedes
Darius II
Philip III
Alexander the Great
100
Because the Law of the Twelve Tables were displayed, judges could not
preserve the status of plebeians.
show partiality to non-Romans.
make decisions based on secret laws.
discriminate against Etruscans.

1st Semester World Final Review Flashcards | StudBud

1st Semester World Final Review

100 termsStudBud Administration184 plays

1st Semester World Final Review

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
The Black Death led to
the collapse of the medieval manor system.
greater religious tolerance in Western Europe.
the end of the Hundred Years’ War.
massive witch hunts throughout Europe.
2
Cultural diffusion may have affected an early civilization
by making it more difficult to control trade.
when people adopted new customs, skills, and technologies.
by lowering the standards for entry into a craft guild.
by encouraging the preservation of distinct characteristics.
3
Which of the following is considered one of the most important leaders in European history?
Louis the Pious
Hugh Capet
Charlemagne
Charles Martel
4
The pope excommunicated all Crusaders taking part in the Fourth Crusade because they
burned the holy city of Jerusalem to the ground.
attacked a Christian city to pay passage to the Holy Land.
worshipped idols and prayed to icons.
massacred entire communities of Jews in Europe.
5
The Third Punic War was caused by
Hannibal’s invasion of the countryside.
the assassination of Julius Caesar.
Rome’s desire for revenge.
Carthage’s resistance to Roman expansion.
6
What led early civilizations to create calendars?
the need to chart nomadic movements
the need to chart electoral cycles as governments developed
determining religious holidays
the need to track yearly flooding and growing seasons
7
Europe became a feudal society because
skilled craftspeople had emerged as farming improved.
rarity of cash required land to be used as a payment
overpopulation required an efficient agricultural system
they needed to defend themselves against raids & invasions.
8
The phrase “bread and circuses” referred to
reluctance of wealthy Romans to become involved in politics.
prosperity that allowed most Romans to live life of leisure.
the weekly market held in the Forum.
free food & entertainment by government to distract the poor
9
What led to the emergence of more defined social ranking?
the emergence of Neanderthals
the adoption of a nomadic lifestyle
the growth of settled communities
migration to the Americas
10
Scholars think early people might have believed in life after death because
surviving cave art shows the dead being reborn.
surviving statues from the period seem to be of angels.
they did not bury their dead.
they put food and objects in graves.
11
Humanism was inspired by interest in
Buddhist philosophy.
Greek and Roman culture.
scientific writings.
Catholic doctrines.
12
Which of the following advanced the idea that “the end justifies the means”?
Donato Bramante
Christine de Pisan
Baldassare Castiglione
Niccolò Machiavelli
13
Hindus believe atman is released at death and later reborn in another body in a process called
reincarnation.
moksha.
karma
devas
14
Wealthy Romans dominated politics during the Pax Romana because
only patricians were allowed to hold office.
officials were not paid so only wealthy could participate
most citizens were uninterested in politics.
the Roman masses cared only about bread and circuses.
15
Which of the following was one way that the lives of people in agricultural societies changed?
People now had to spend all of their time producing food.
Gender divisions blurred since everyone worked in farms.
Agricultural societies more peaceful than nomadic societies.
now spend time doing activities other than food production.
16
Ancient civilizations waged war in order to
impose their religion on other cultures.
protect the herds of pastoralists.
gain control of rich land or natural resources.
spread their ideas, beliefs, customs, and technology.
17
Sumerians developed a large trading network because
their army was not powerful.
they wanted slaves to build ziggurats.
the empire included many different kingdoms.
they lacked raw materials such as wood and metal.
18
Some Christians objected to the presence of icons in churches because they believed
icons gave iconoclasts too much power.
icons had little artistic merit.
icons would be used to teach illiterate people Christianity.
the use of icons was too close to the worship of idols.
19
In the Hellenistic world, the city-state was replaced as the main political unit by the
kingdom
military.
assembly.
polis.
20
To represent three-dimensional objects on flat paper, Renaissance artists studied
perspective.
astronomy.
the work of Lorenzo de Medici.
humanism.
21
The Four Noble Truths teach that
special techniques used to harness energy & achieve nirvana
harming animals in any way is morally wrong.
everyone desires materials, overcoming will end suffering
all people must respect the elders & care for children
22
Christians drove the Moors out of the Iberian Peninsula during the
Battle of Hastings.
First Crusade.
Reconquista.
sagas.
23
Who won the Hundred Years’ War?
the English
the Muslims
the Lancasters
the French
24
Where did the world’s first civilizations arise?
in sub-Saharan Africa
in North America
in sparsely populated areas
along fertile river valleys
25
Why did Octavian adopt the title “first citizen”?
to emphasize that he had more power than other magistrates
to show that he was retiring from politics
to avoid the title of king or emperor
to illustrate the duties of citizens in a republic
26
Which king drove the Vikings north of London?
Henry
Harold
Alfred
William
27
Buddha taught to end suffering my living the
Mahabharata.
nirvana
the Extreme Way.
the Eightfold Path.
28
Mountains, hills, and deserts helped the Chinese to thrive because
dangers there taught the Chinese how to be great warriors
features encourage Chinese to become expert hunter/gatherers
provided varied ecosystems for variety of plants & animals.
these features protected China from invasion.
29
The Eastern Roman Empire
fell to Germanic tribes called the Vandals.
relocated the capital to Antioch.
rejected all forms of Christianity.
became known as the Byzantine Empire.
30
The city-state of Sparta was characterized by
democratic institutions.
dependence upon the sea.
an emphasis on temple worship.
an emphasis on warfare.
31
The bishops of Rome claimed to have authority over all other bishops because
they were descended from Jesus.
Rome was the most powerful city in the Empire.
they were seen as Peter’s spiritual heirs.
they were seen as Paul’s spiritual heirs.
32
What led to the downfall of both the Inca Empire and the Aztec Empire?
the arrival of Spanish explorers
a massive meteor that caused catastrophic damage
climate change
internal warfare between city-states
33
Which of the following built the largest empire in South America?
the Nazca
the Moche
the Incas
the Aztecs
34
What prompted the development of record-keeping systems?
the invention of written language
the growing power of religion
economic transactions
the establishment of graveyards in permanent settlements
35
Why did the pope name Charlemagne Emperor of the Roman People?
to reward the Lombards for faithful service to the church
to thank Charlemagne for keeping him in power
to ensure Charlemagne would not attack the Papal States
Charlemagne refused pope’s authority unless crowned emperor
36
“What is truth?” is a question associated with
Socrates.
Aristophanes.
Aristotle.
Homer.
37
Although the people of Constantinople referred to themselves as Romans
eastern emperors not interested restoring the Roman Empire.
emperor made Latin the official language instead of Greek.
Greek cultural influences grew stronger over time.
they were actually descendants of Germanic tribes.
38
The first civilization arose in Mesopotamia because
people in the Fertile Crescent had a vibrant religious life.
the area was suitable for agriculture.
the Phoenicians had become expert sailors.
the Hittites were able to master ironworking techniques.
39
The pope’s influence in the Middle Ages resulted from
the powerful army he headed under General Charlemagne.
the fact that nearly everyone in Europe was Christian.
the economic influence of the Papal States.
his appointment by the Roman Emperor.
40
Which of the following advances in farming was most important in the development of cities?
the plow
irrigation
domestication of cattle
use of metal tools
41
The population of Native Americans in Spanish colonies dropped by more than
75 percent.
90 percent.
30 percent.
10 percent.
42
The people of India’s first civilization depended on monsoon rains to bring water for crops
which only happened every other year.
and wash away accumulated debris from city streets.
and to cause flooding which deposited fertile soil.
and to loosen rocks used for building.
43
Which of the following was one of Diocletian’s reforms?
He divided the empire in two.
He provided free food and entertainment to Roman citizens.
He issued the Edict of Milan.
He issued the first written law code.
44
Once North African traders learned how to cross the Sahara safely
Mombasa emerged as a key player in African trade.
Europeans began to search Africa for gold.
Swahili spread to West Africa.
Ghana became as a key player in the gold and salt trade.
45
Islam began to be practiced along the East Africa coast because
Swahili leaders were Muslim.
Muslim Great Zimbabwe had conquered them.
Muslim Ethiopia conquered them.
many foreign traders were Muslim.
46
Muhammad left Mecca because
he wanted to spread his message.
he believed Allah commanded him to do so.
the Kaaba had been destroyed.
his teachings made it unsafe for him to stay there.
47
Homo sapiens means
modern man.
wise man.
upright man.
southern ape.
48
The schism of 1054
created two distinct churches.
ended the golden age of Byzantine art and architecture.
led to beginning of Muslim invasions of the Byzantine Empire
increased the power of the pope.
49
As a conquered people in the Roman Empire
the Jews were forced to convert to Christianity.
the Jews did not abandon monotheism.
Jews were denied religious freedom.
all Jews cooperated with Roman rule.
50
Why did pharaohs have absolute power in Egypt?
Pharaohs ruled the country using terror.
kingdom was small enough him to exercise complete control.
believed the pharaoh received instructions from the vizier.
Egyptians believed the pharaoh was a god in human form.
51
What was an effect of the Columbian Exchange?
exchange of foods & animals had a impact on societies
Triangular trade became less profitable.
Native American diseases destroyed European populations.
Llamas began to be used as beasts of burden.
52
How did the Magyars differ from the Vikings?
They were peaceful rather than warlike.
They were nomads horsemen,
They were Muslims, rather than Christians.
They were never defeated, unlike the Vikings.
53
Why did Constantine build a new capital?
to escape the authority of the pope
to commemorate where he experienced religious conversion
because the east was richer and better defended
because he had a huge budget surplus
54
Which of the following was one effect of the Crusades?
Trade decreased.
The feudal system strengthened.
Jews moved to Jerusalem.
Relations between religious groups became more strained.
55
What common feature did many African societies share?
They originated in sub-Saharan Africa.
forced to pay tribute to stronger groups in area
They claimed to be descendants of the Queen of Sheba.
They were village-based cultures built around clans.
56
North African traders crossed the Sahara to trade salt for
ivory.
spices.
gold.
food.
57
Egyptians practiced mummification in order to
show their respect to pharaohs.
keep the ka from vanishing.
preserve the body for resurrection.
find cures for common diseases.
58
The idea of Monotheism differs from polytheism in which way?
One God
Reincarnation
Many Gods
Life after death
59
Who created the statues of David & Pietà, and the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?
Baldassare Castiglione
Ignatius of Loyola
William Shakespeare
Michelangelo Buonarroti
60
Which of the following was the most important resource in most Bantu societies by AD 900?
iron ore
gold
land
cattle
61
Johannes Gutenberg’s invention has been described as revolutionary because
easier access to books, more people learned to read/paint
with oil paints, Renaissance artists could paint much more
until guilds were unable to control the goods they produced.
large pool of unemployed workers industrialized Europe.
62
The statement “I found Rome built of bricks; I leave her clothed in marble” refers to
ambitious building program initiated under Augustus’s rule.
ambitious building program initiated under Hannibal’s rule.
development of massive rock quarries in the countryside.
rebuilding of Rome after Carthage burned the city down.
63
Where was Mecca located?
in the largest oasis of the Sinai Desert
on the Arabian Peninsula near the Red Sea
on the Arabian Peninsula near the Mediterranean Sea
at the mouth of the Nile River
64
Which of the following is a characteristic of civilizations?
pastoralists
job specialization
absence of art
trade
65
Distinct cultures and ways of life developed in Africa because
different regions have different Environments
the continent is about twice as large as the United States.
people migrated to Africa from different parts of the world.
strict laws forbid marrying outside of one’s village.
66
Why did a group of senators murder Julius Caesar?
to prevent him from destroying the Roman Republic
because he was waging a civil war
to dismantle the Republic & return power to the monarchy
because he was extremely unpopular with the Roman people
67
The Aztec Empire grew wealthy through
rich natural resources.
tribute and trade.
rich farmland and control of excellent hunting ground.
the sale of slaves.
68
Mesoamerica was the site of the first farming settlements in the Americas because
people settled there first.
temperatures, rainfall, and soils were ideal for farming.
the groups that lived there were vegetarians.
Europeans brought seeds and domesticated animals there first
69
Scholars in Aachen performed which of the following important services?
They defended libraries against raids by the Vikings.
made copies of ancient texts for monasteries across Europe.
They taught Charlemagne how to read and write.
opened finishing schools for young ladies for upper classes.
70
Which of the following organs was left in the body when mummifying it?
the liver
the brain
the heart
the lungs
71
The Battle of Salamis was significant because it
finally exacted revenge for Darius’s defeat in Athens.
stranded the Persian army in Greece without naval support.
made a small force of Spartans martyrs for the Greek cause.
first time the Spartans and Athenians cooperated in battle.
72
Why did the Phoenicians turn to trade and the sea for their livelihood?
because constant flooding made agriculture impossible
they needed a purple die used to color traditional garments
because farming was difficult and resources were limited
because Phoenicians needed concrete for buildings
73
What led to the building of permanent settlements?
the development of agriculture
development of simple governments
the end of bloody warfare
migration to the Americas
74
Greeks tried to ensure that the gods and goddesses would protect them and their city-states by
telling stories about their lives.
building them homes on Mount Olympus.
performing rituals and sacrifices.
writing epics.
75
Why did the pharaoh in Egypt make the Hebrews slaves?
fear they would take over Egypt because of large population
He believed they were began plague that killed his son.
He opposed the teachings of the Torah.
fear of take over Egypt because they were mighty warriors.
76
Why did the Persian emperor Darius attack the Greek mainland?
to kidnap Helen, the beautiful queen of Athens
to punish Athens for aiding the Ionians' revolt vs Persian
to gain control of Greece’s vast natural resources
to exact revenge for the Athenians’ victory at Marathon
77
What was the end result of the Wars of the Roses?
The French drove the English out of their country.
The Lancasters won the throne.
The plague was spread by soldiers.
A Tudor nobleman took the throne, began a new era in English
78
What was the result of the first Persian invasion?
The Persians won but Darius was killed in the battle.
The Athenians won.
Ionia won its independence.
The Spartans won.
79
At the time of Muhammad’s birth, what brought religious pilgrims to Mecca?
the Kaaba
the Dome of the Rock
the House of Wisdom
the variety of mosques
80
what is the importance of Italian city-states to the Renaissance?
The Catholic Church pushed for discovery
merchants sought to display their new wealth.
Italian brought paintings & sculpture back from the east
As agricultural centers, sold them to foreign markets.
81
African society changed around the 500s BC as a result of the development of
the Bantu.
ironworking.
written language.
griots
82
What was the Hanseatic League?
a guild of troubadours that allowed women to join
a network of towns that promoted & protected trade
towns that worked together to out bid each other
speakers of the vernacular
83
Alexander’s empire did not grow any larger because
his soldiers wanted to return home.
his generals began fighting for power.
the Hindu Kush defeated him.
he reached all his goals.
84
Why was King Otto finally able to defeat the Magyars in the mid-900s?
A plague had weakened the Magyar army.
The Germans had discovered gunpowder.
Europeans bread a faster horse.
The Magyars had settled into a permanent home.
85
Which of the following accurately describes the economy of the Incas?
government-controlled
weak
free market
dependent upon slavery
86
The goal of the First Crusade was to
conquer Constantinople.
take Jerusalem and the Holy Land away from the Muslims.
convert Muslims to Christianity.
take Jerusalem and the Holy Land away from the Byzantines.
87
Vikings began raiding northern Europe because
they wanted to spread their religion.
they wanted to stop attacks on Scandinavia.
they had converted to Christianity & sought Christian relics
Viking farmers could not grow enough food.
88
How did the Renaissance contribute to the Age of Exploration?
by Europeans that the pursuit of wealth was all-important
by emphasizing the importance of converting to Christianity
by awakening a spirit of discovery and innovation in Europe
by fostering a belief in the importance of working group
89
“All the walls of that shrine were so splashed & caked with blood" describes who
the Iroquois
the Olmec
the Anasazi
the Aztecs
90
The Muslim place of worship is called a
minaret
Caaba.
hadith.
mosque.
91
Which of the following occurred as a result of Martin Luther’s stand against indulgences?
The Protestant Reformation began.
Bapstists spread to England and Scotland,
Germany rejected Lutheranism and remained Roman Catholic.
Henry VIII started a religion in England called Anabaptism.
92
Who was the first king of Israel?
Nebuchadnezzar II
Solomon
Saul
David
93
How did Charlemagne ensure that his counts remained loyal and did their jobs well?
replacing all local rulers with the Carolingian family
by sending monks to convert them to Christianity
a system of rewards & punishments administered by inspectors
by ensuring that they received excellent educations
94
The Buddha taught
suffering is not part of human life.
it is best to avoid meditation.
those who follow the Eightfold Path can attain nirvana.
following your desires leads to enlightenment.
95
a major difference between the Maya civilization and other civilizations in Mesoamerica?
It engaged in trade, while others did not.
It was much larger than the others.
its leaders preferred diplomacy over warfare.
It emerged much earlier than any other civilization.
96
The economy of the Muslim community depended largely on
subsistence agriculture.
the banking industry.
commerce.
manufacturing.
97
Why do scientists call the period before about 3000 BC prehistory?
no important historical events happened before that time
humans did not exist before that time
scholars have learned nothing about that period of time
writing did not exist at that time
98
Paul of Tarsus helped to attract non-Jews to Christianity by
following Jewish food laws.
dispensing with some Jewish customs.
actively opposing the teaching that Jesus was the Messiah.
remaining in Rome.
99
Who took the throne in Macedonia after King Philip II was assassinated?
Archimedes
Darius II
Philip III
Alexander the Great
100
Because the Law of the Twelve Tables were displayed, judges could not
preserve the status of plebeians.
show partiality to non-Romans.
make decisions based on secret laws.
discriminate against Etruscans.