All of the following could be a likely consequence if an error occurred during DNA replication EXCEPT

A change in DNA would change the shape of the carbohydrate produced

Which stages lead to genetic variation in populations?

Stage A (prophase I) and Stage B (metaphase I)

Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?

deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine

Which of the following sequences shows the correct hierarchy of classification, going from broadest to most specific?

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

One similarity between natural selection and genetic drift is that both events

involve a change in a population’s allele frequencies.

All of the following could be a likely consequence if an error occurred during DNA replication EXCEPT

A change in DNA would change the shape of the carbohydrate produced

Sex-linked genes are located on

both X chromosom and Y chromosome

Takes place only in the gonads (ovaries/testes)

Unzips DNA by breaking hydrogen bonds

Transcription takes place in the nucleus & translation is in the cytoplasm.

Human appendix, tonsils, and goose bumps.

Similar adaptations because of similar environments, not similar ancestry.

Creates 2 identical diploid somatic cells

The farther apart two genes are located on a chromosome, the

less likely they are to be inherited together.

Which statement is part of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection?

More offspring are produced than can possibly survive.

half of the number of chromosomes as the body cells

Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA?

phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine

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Questions 90

Answers

1
How many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produced by a pea plant whose genotype was RrYY?
2
4
15
8
2
All of the following could be a likely consequence if an error occurred during DNA replication EXCEPT
A change in DNA could lead to cell death
A change in DNA would change the shape of the carbohydrate produced
A change in DNA could be passed on to offspring
3
How many main types of RNA are there in protein synthesis?
None
9
3
12
4
The failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis is called
X-chromosome inactivation.
Turner’s syndrome.
nondisjunction.
5
Which stages lead to genetic variation in populations?
Stage A (prophase I) and Stage B (metaphase I)
Stage B (metaphase I) and Stage G (Telophase II)
Stage B (metaphase I) and Stage D (prophase II)
6
Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
deoxyribose + phosphate group + polymerase
adenine + phosphate group + thymine
7
Which of the following sequences shows the correct hierarchy of classification, going from broadest to most specific?
Domain, Phylum, Kingdom, Genus, Species, Family, Order, Class
Kingdom, Domain, Phylum, Order, Class, Family, Genus, Species
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
8
Human males have
two Y chromosomes
one X chromosome only.
one X and one Y chromosome.
9
One similarity between natural selection and genetic drift is that both events
take place only in very small groups.
are based completely on chance.
involve a change in a population’s allele frequencies.
10
Animal breeders maintain cat and dog breeds by the process of hybridization.
True
False
11
the order that represents the Central Dogma.
DNARNAProtein
1. Protein 2. RNA 3. DNA
12
What has been an advantage of producing transgenic plants?
studying human genes
using more pesticides
increasing the food supply
13
What type of inheritance is determined by multiple genes and there can be a range of traits?
codominance
incomplete dominance.
multiple alleles.
polygenic traits.
14
Linked genes and sex-linked traits are two different words that mean the same thing.
True
False
15
All of the following could be a likely consequence if an error occurred during DNA replication EXCEPT
A change in DNA would change the shape of the carbohydrate produced
A change in DNA could lead to a advantageous mutation
A change in DNA could lead to cell death
16
Which nucleotide in Figure 13–1 indicates the nucleic acid above is RNA?
uracil
adenine
guanine
17
Sex-Linked Genes that travel on the X chromosome.
True
False
18
The wings of birds and the flippers of dolphins are vestigial structures.
True
False
19
How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype?
24
44
46
70
20
The number of chromosomes in a somatic cell is represented by the symbol
2n
4n
n2
21
In a human karyotype, 44 of the chromosomes are autosomes.
False
True
22
How many nucleotides are needed to specify three amino acids?
12
20
9
3
23
Codominance When the heterozygous genotype results in a phenotype where both alleles are fully and separately expressed.
False
True
24
Primase lays down a sequence of RNA that is the starting place for building a new DNA strand
False
True
25
Sex-linked genes are located on
Y chromosome only
both X chromosom and Y chromosome
X chromosome only
26
what is adding base pairs to the strand?
histones
DNA polymerase
nucleosomes
27
Meiosis
Takes place only in the gonads (ovaries/testes)
Takes place throughout your body
28
Helicase
Fixes gaps in the DNA backbone with covalent bonding
Unzips DNA by breaking hydrogen bonds
29
The order of nitrogenous bases in DNA determines the order of ____________________ in proteins.
dna
amino acids
milk
rna
30
In eukaryotes
Transcription and translation both take place in the cytoplasm.
Transcription and translation both take place in the nucleus.
Transcription takes place in the nucleus & translation is in the cytoplasm.
31
Sister chromatids are separated during meiosis I and homologous chromosomes are separated during meiosis II.
True
False
32
A DNA strand that had the sequence TACGTT would have a complimentary strand ATCGAT.
False
True
33
Vestigial structures
Human appendix, tonsils, and goose bumps.
Evidence based on comparison of early formation & development of organisms
Evidence based on remnants of organisms such as imprints, bones, and feces.
34
Incomplete Dominance When the heterozygous genotype results in a phenotype where the two alleles are blended together.
FALSE
TRUE
35
If an organism has 16 chromosomes in each of its egg cells, the organism’s diploid number is 32.
False
True
36
Gametes are produced by the process of
replication
crossing over
meiosis
mitosis
37
Analogous structures
Human appendix, tonsils, and goose bumps.
Similar adaptations because of similar environments, not similar ancestry.
38
In humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur are
vestigal structures
examples of natural variation.
examples of fossils.
39
Most differences can be passed to offspring are due to genetic recombination that occurs during asexual reproduction.
True
False
40
The replication of a DNA molecule results in four copies of the same gene.
True
False
41
Each pea-plant gamete has how many alleles for the height gene?
4
6
2
1
42
Genes contain instructions for assembling
proteins.
operons.
mutagens
43
Which of the following pairs of genotypes result in the same phenotype?
IAIA and IAIB
IBIB and IAIB
IBIB and IBi
44
Mitosis
Creates 4 unique haploid sex cells
Creates 2 identical diploid somatic cells
45
The farther apart two genes are located on a chromosome, the
less likely they are to be separated by crossing over.
less likely they are to be inherited together.
more likely they are to be linked.
46
Which statement is part of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection?
The number of offspring is not related to fitness.
The organisms that are the fittest are always largest and strongest.
More offspring are produced than can possibly survive.
47
Gametes have
homologous chromosomes
half of the number of chromosomes as the body cells
twice the number of chromosomes found in body cells
48
In biology, both individuals and populations can evolve.
False
True
49
When a mutation causes the codon sequences to change, its considered to be a ____________
a frameshift
a substitution
placement error
50
Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA?
phosphate groups, guanine, and thymine
ribose, phosphate groups, and adenine
phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine
51
A cross of a black chicken with a white chicken produces all speckled offspring . This type of inheritance is known as
Multiple Alleles
incomplete dominance
Codominance
52
Three sources of genetic variation are
genotypes, phenotypes, and polygenic traits.
meiosis, sexual reproduction, and mutations.
single-gene traits, polygenic traits, and adaptation.
53
To produce animals with certain desirable characteristics by selective breeding, humans take advantage of
recombinant plasmids with foreign DNA.
the ideal traits produced by genetic engin
the natural variations that exist among individuals.
54
The replication of a DNA molecule results in four copies of the same gene.
True
False
55
Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because the allele for colorblindness is
recessive and located on the Y chromosome.
recessive and located on the X chromosome.
dominant and located on the X chromosome.
56
Which two bases pair together in DNA?
cytosine and guanine
guanine and thymine
thymine and cytosine
57
DNA is a nucleic acid made up of nucleosomes joined into long strands or chains by covalent bonds.
False
True
58
Epistasis Some versions of one gene will show dominance over a second gene.
True
False
59
Which of the following findings, if true, would support CRITICS of GM crops?
Bt cotton produces higher crop yields than other cotton.
Bt corn reduces the populations of bees needed to pollinate the plants.
Bt cotton requires farmers to use less insecticide on their fields.
60
In eukaryotes, DNA replication proceeds in one direction along the DNA molecule.
False
True
61
What has been an advantage of producing transgenic plants?
animals
producing clones
studying human genes
increasing the food supply
62
Ligase
Unzips DNA by breaking hydrogen bonds
Reads the parent DNA strand and adds complimentary nucleotides.
Fixes gaps in the DNA backbone with covalent bonding
63
During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases
TAUCAG
GATCCA.
GAUCCA
64
In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, how many copies of the chromosome are left after replication?
3
1
2
4
65
When DNA fragments are separated by gel electrophoresis, the longest fragments move fastest.
True
False
66
Which piece of DNA would move fastest in gel electrophoresis? A segment that is
5000 base pairs long
100 base pairs long.
1000 base pairs long
67
The geographic isolation of two populations of a species tends to increase differences between their gene pools because
prevents interbreeding within each population.
causes temporal isolation of the two populations.
prevents interbreeding between the populations.
68
Linked genes
are never separated.
are always recessive.
are on the same chromosome.
69
Which of the following statements defines the members of a species?
They have identical genes.
They are temporally isolated from each other.
They mate and produce offspring.
70
In genetic drift, the allele frequencies in a gene pool change because of
natural selection
chance
mutations
71
Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes represents a female?
XX
XY
XXXY
XXY
72
DNA Polymerase Reads the parent DNA strand and adds complimentary nucleotides.
True
False
73
Human females produce egg cells that have
two x and y
one X chromosome.
one X and one Y chromosome.
74
Linked genes Genes that are likely inherited together due to their physical proximity.
False
True
75
In eukaryotes, DNA
is located in the nucleus.
floats freely in the cytoplasm.
is located in the ribosomes.
76
In eukaryotes, DNA
is located in the ribosomes.
floats freely in the cytoplasm.
is located in the nucleus.
77
During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide depends on the
codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA.
anticodon on the rRNA and the codon on the mRNA.
anticodon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA.
78
Phylogenetic trees show...
Analogous structures through divergent evolution
Homologous structures through divergent evolution
Homologous structures through convergent evolution
79
If the allele for having a white forelock is dominant, family members WITHOUT a white forelock are
heterozygous
homozygous recessive.
trisomal.
80
In humans, the mother’s gamete determines the sex of the offspring.
False
True
81
Which of the following has disadvantage of possibly bringing two recessive alleles together & causing a genetic defect?
transformation
inbreeding
genetic engineering
82
Charles Darwin viewed the fossil record as
evidence that Earth was thousands of years old.
evidence that traits are acquired through use or disuse.
useful support for his theory.
83
What stores information in a cell?
DNA
lipids
protiens
84
Which of the following DNA mutations is the most likely to be damaging to the protein it specifies?
a base-pair deletion
a substitution in the last base of a codon
a codon deletion
85
Which of the following statements about endosymbiotic theory is FALSE?
Prokaryotes evolved from the first eukaryotes
Two (2) prokaryotes coevolved the form the first eukaryote
Explains the evolution of the mitochondria and chloroplast
One prokaryote absorbed another prokaryote
86
Mutations do not always affect an organism’s phenotype—its physical, behavioral, and biochemical characteristics.
True
False
87
Polygenic Inheritance When several genes influence a trait.
False
True
88
Gene therapy is successful if the
replacement gene is expressed in the person’s cells.
viruses carrying the replacement gene infect the person’s cells.
replacement gene is replicated in the person’s cells.
89
To produce animals with certain desirable characteristics by selective breeding, humans take advantage of
the ideal traits produced by genetic engineering.
the natural variations that exist among individuals.
recombinant plasmids with foreign DNA.
90
Molecular evidence in support of natural selection includes
the nearly universal genetic code.
a tendency toward perfect, unchanging DNA in various species.
the presence of vestigial structures.

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