Ashley carefully follows a test prep book and practices each section multiple times to prepare for the SAT.

Achievement Tests – Tests that measure knowledge in a specific subject.

Emily solves a maze by following every possible path one by one until she finds the exit.

Algorithm – A logical, methodical procedure that guarantees a solution.

When Zach sees a multiple choice question, he remembers seeing a familiar answer option, though it’s incorrect.

Recognition – Identifying previously learned material.

Every time Charlie tries to remember his childhood phone number, he first thinks of his current phone number instead.

Proactive Interference – Old memories interfere with new memories.

Cathy remembers details from her past but she just needed rehearsal to recall them.

Maintenance Rehearsal – Repeating information to retain it in memory.

Megan cannot recall her friend's name after a traumatic event.

Retrograde Amnesia – Loss of memory for events that occurred before trauma.

Rachel cannot remember where she left her keys and walks around the house retracing her steps.

Recall – Retrieving information from memory without cues.

Max doesn’t remember exactly when or where she heard a piece of news but knows it to be true.

Source Amnesia – Forgetting the origin of learned information.

Maya is afraid to try new sports because she thinks she will fail just like she did the last time.

Fixed Mindset – Belief that abilities are set and unchangeable.

John encounters a new type of dog he’s never seen before and classifies it as a "dog" based on his previous knowledge

Assimilation – Interpreting new experiences using existing mental schemas.

A question is worded as "90% survival rate" instead of "10% death rate," causing people to choose differently.

Framing – The way an issue is presented affects decisions and judgments.

Sarah sees a weird looking bird and creates a new category in her mind to include it.

Accommodation – Changing existing schemas to adapt to new information.

When Lucas looks at his childhood photos, he remembers events he hadn't thought of in years.

Autobiographical Memory – Memory of personal life events.

Every time Mark approaches a math problem, he uses the same formula he learned last year, even when it doesn't fit.

Mental Set – Persisting in using past strategies that worked before.

While revising, Anna finds it easier to recall events that occurred when she was in a similar emotional state as now.

Mood-congruent Memory – Better recall of memories that match your mood.

Sophie overestimates the likelihood of shark attacks because she recently saw a scary shark movie.

Availability Heuristic–Estimating likelihood based on examples come to mind

Liam imagines a typical "bird" and pictures a blue jay, not an ostrich or penguin.

Prototype – The best example or cognitive representation of a category.

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Unit 2.2-2.8

17 termsStudBud Administration

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Questions 17

Answers

1
Ashley carefully follows a test prep book and practices each section multiple times to prepare for the SAT.
Automatic Processing – Information encoded without conscious effort.
Flynn Effect – The observed rise in average IQ scores over time.
Aptitude Tests – Tests that measure potential to succeed in the future.
Achievement Tests – Tests that measure knowledge in a specific subject.
2
Emily solves a maze by following every possible path one by one until she finds the exit.
Mental Set – Habitual ways of approaching problems.
Algorithm – A logical, methodical procedure that guarantees a solution.
Heuristic – Mental shortcut to make decisions quickly.
Framing – Presentation of an issue affects decisions.
3
When Zach sees a multiple choice question, he remembers seeing a familiar answer option, though it’s incorrect.
Recall – Retrieving information from memory without cues.
Recognition – Identifying previously learned material.
Retrieval – Process of getting information from memory.
Context-dependent Memory–Recalling information best in the same environment
4
Every time Charlie tries to remember his childhood phone number, he first thinks of his current phone number instead.
Proactive Interference – Old memories interfere with new memories.
Retroactive Interference – New memories interfere with old memories.
Encoding Failure – Failing to store information properly.
Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon – Knowing something but unable to recall it.
5
Cathy remembers details from her past but she just needed rehearsal to recall them.
Maintenance Rehearsal – Repeating information to retain it in memory.
Chunking – Organizing data into meaningful units.
Memory Consolidation – Transforming short-term memories into long-term ones
Elaborative Rehearsal – Making meaningful connections to new information.
6
Megan cannot recall her friend's name after a traumatic event.
Encoding Failure – Information never fully stored.
Anterograde Amnesia – Inability to form new memories after trauma.
Infantile Amnesia – Inability to recall early childhood memories.
Retrograde Amnesia – Loss of memory for events that occurred before trauma.
7
Rachel cannot remember where she left her keys and walks around the house retracing her steps.
Retrieval – Process of getting information from memory.
Recognition – Identifying previously learned material.
Context-dependent Memory–Recalling info best in same spot it was learned.
Recall – Retrieving information from memory without cues.
8
Max doesn’t remember exactly when or where she heard a piece of news but knows it to be true.
Imagination Inflation–Increasing confidence in false memories
Repression – Blocking out disturbing memories from consciousness.
Misinformation Effect – Altered memories due to misleading information.
Source Amnesia – Forgetting the origin of learned information.
9
Maya is afraid to try new sports because she thinks she will fail just like she did the last time.
Fixed Mindset – Belief that abilities are set and unchangeable.
Mental Age–The age where person’s intellectual abilities are estimated
Growth Mindset – Belief that abilities and intelligence can be developed.
Intelligence Quotient (IQ) – A number used to measure intelligence.
10
John encounters a new type of dog he’s never seen before and classifies it as a "dog" based on his previous knowledge
Prototype – The best or most typical example of a category.
Assimilation – Interpreting new experiences using existing mental schemas.
Algorithm – A methodical, logical procedure for solving problems.
Accommodation – Adjusting existing schemas to incorporate new information.
11
A question is worded as "90% survival rate" instead of "10% death rate," causing people to choose differently.
Mental Set – Approaching a problem with an old strategy.
Framing – The way an issue is presented affects decisions and judgments.
Algorithm – Logical problem-solving method.
Priming – Unconscious activation of ideas.
12
Sarah sees a weird looking bird and creates a new category in her mind to include it.
Assimilation – Fitting new information into existing schemas.
Accommodation – Changing existing schemas to adapt to new information.
Algorithm – Step-by-step logical strategy for guaranteed solution.
Heuristic – A mental shortcut used to make judgments quickly.
13
When Lucas looks at his childhood photos, he remembers events he hadn't thought of in years.
Superior Autobiographical Memory-Recalling specific details of past events
Autobiographical Memory – Memory of personal life events.
Encoding Failure – Missing or incomplete memory storage.
Anterograde Amnesia – Trouble forming new memories after an event.
14
Every time Mark approaches a math problem, he uses the same formula he learned last year, even when it doesn't fit.
Availability Heuristic – Judging likelihood based on available examples.
Mental Set – Persisting in using past strategies that worked before.
Functional Fixedness – Inability to use objects in new ways.
Framing – Way an issue is posed influences decisions.
15
While revising, Anna finds it easier to recall events that occurred when she was in a similar emotional state as now.
Testing Effect – Improved recall after testing oneself.
Mood-congruent Memory – Better recall of memories that match your mood.
State-dependent Memory–Recalling better based on current emotional state.
Context-dependent Memory – Recalling better in same environment as learning
16
Sophie overestimates the likelihood of shark attacks because she recently saw a scary shark movie.
Algorithm – Step-by-step solving strategy.
Representativeness Heuristic – Categorizing based on typical features.
Priming – Subtle activation of concepts.
Availability Heuristic–Estimating likelihood based on examples come to mind
17
Liam imagines a typical "bird" and pictures a blue jay, not an ostrich or penguin.
Prototype – The best example or cognitive representation of a category.
Divergent Thinking – Generating many possible solutions.
Priming – Activation of related concepts in memory.
Executive Functions – Higher order mental processes for decision making.

Unit 2.2-2.8 Flashcards | StudBud