Introduction to Statistics Vocabulary

hidden explanatory variables that are not considered in the study but affect response variable

the characteristics of the population that we want to measure/observe

A study was done on all US voters. 55% of Republicans said they were voting Trump

Temperature?

overall pattern of how data values are distributed

table showing categories along with the proportion or % of observations within each category

divides data values in order into 4 equal parts

make conclusions about the whole population with a level of confidence and a margin of error

You plant a tree in your yard, and collect data about the fruit harvested. What's the pop?

mean < median in which scenario

which property of median is NOT true

using the regression line to predict y values for x values beyond data range; not recommended

numerical summary of a characteristic of a sample

value of the explanatory variable are changed and the lurking values are controlled

difference between actual value and value predicted

organizing and summarizing the data obtained from a research study

values assumed from an interval (hint: can be measured)

values assumes numbers from a set (hint: can be counted)

data value that is in the middle of the observations in order

exists btwn 2 variables if the changes in one data value are more likely to occur with other

using regression line to predict y values for x values within data value range

pictorial display that represents the association between two quan. variables

interviewer error; biased wording of question

occurs when the result obtained from the sample is not representative of the population

a value such that k% of the data values fall at or below that value

researcher does not change the values of the explanatory variable

assesses the strength of the linear relationship between two variables

Which of the following is a qualitative variable?

planning to obtain the date efficiently about the research objective

expresses each observation in terms of the number of standard deviations away from the mean

sum of values / # of values

numerical summary of a characteristic of a population

which property of mean is NOT true

mean > median in which scenario

summarizes data values by describing a balance point (# that best represents the bulk)

a table listing different categories along with their respective number of counts

making an informed reliable decision about the population based on data from a random sample

individuals/objects/entities of interest in a study

variable can be organized categorically (ex: favorite sport)

value of SD if all data values are the same

Number of siblings?

data value with highest freq. ; applicable to quan. and qual. data

variable assumes a numerical value (ex: weight) & mathematical operations make sense in context

Independent Variable

occurs when a group of people in the population are favored over others

Which of the following is a quantitative variable?

highest data value - lowest data value

Dependent Variable

divides pop. into non-overlapping groups where individuals in each group share a characteristic

mean = median in which scenario