Sociology Test 2 study guide

a negative label that devalues a person 

people may engage in deviant behavior when experiencing a conflict b/w goals & obtaining goals

iron law of oligarchy: tendency of a bureaucracy to become dominated by a small group of people

Social mobility is NOT movement up or down the social class hierarchy.

Who coined the term Ethnomethodolgy

a role set pertains to the different roles ___ to a status

asserts that people learn deviance through interaction

overall ranking of a person’s position in society based on income, education, and occupation

share a sense of identity and “we-ness” that typically excludes and devalues outsiders

a formal organization designed to accomplish goals and tasks in an efficient and rational way.

actual behavior of a person who occupies a satus

not having enough money to afford the basic necessities of life

Labeling theory: holds that societies __ 2 behaviors is a __factor in defining oneself deviant 

extent to which people have positive experiences and can secure the good things in life

treated negatively b/c of different view, beliefs and characteristics of those in an in-group

overrides other statuses and norms, important to ones identity

you must be considerate of others ___ in symbolic interactions

Corporate crimes are NOT acts committed by executive to benefit themselves or their companies

general traits that describe a social phenomenon rather than every case.

Differential theory occurs in 4 steps: early in life, frequently, over long periods of time and

Goffman coined what term meaning the research of social interactions

Informal deviance is behavior that disregards the accepted ___ ____

Criminal deviance is any behavior that ____- ____

two or more people who share some attribute and interact with one another.

elaborated on the concept of anomie to explain how social structure helps create deviance

criminal acts based off of offenders bias against race, gender, sexuality etc.

in a self-fulfilling prophecy one acts on a situation that they define as real

The feminist theory states that women & men are more __ than __ in interactions

Deviance is:

frustrations & uncertainty a person experiences when confronted with two statuses

relatively open stratification structure, people’s positions are based on birth & achievement

Process by which we act and react to those around us

stress that arises from incompatible demands among roles in a single status

2nd type of closed stratification system, peoples positions are ascribed at birth & fixed

movement up or down the class hierarchy over one’s lifetime.

Organized patterns of behavior that governs people's relationships

organized pattern of behaviors that govern people's relationships

Cyber crimes are illegal activities conducted ____

study of how people construct & learn to share definitions of reality to make interactions able

group with two members __, group with three members __

ranking of people based on their access to valued resources such as wealth, power, and prestige

destruction of property

group of people who have a similar standing or rank in a society

Income is the money a person receives, usually through wages or salaries

acts which violate laws but those who are involved do not consider theirselves as victims

a complex & structured secondary group designed 2 achieve specific goals in an efficient manner

status inconsistency refers 2 conflict that arises 4 occupying ____ that are ranked differently

collection of social statuses that a person occupies at a given time 

social position that one is born into (ex. gender, race, age)

refers to a social position that a person occupies in society

large, impersonal, and temporary collection of people who pursue a specific goal or activity

Social interaction is based on each person trying to maximize rewards and minimize punishment

activities of individuals and groups that supply illegal goods and services for profits

Formal deviance is any behavior that violates the law

minimal income level that the federal government considers necessary for basic subsistence.

relatively small group of people who engage in face-2-face interaction over an extended period

not having enough money to maintain an average standard of living (What I want)

people who shape our behavior, values, and attitudes

A sense of normalness

A criminal offense in a public place

___ introduced anomie 2 describe 2 condition in which we're unsure of how 2behave due 2 absence

social position that one attains through work and effort

encourages group discussion and includes everyone in the decision making process

ability to influence or control the behavior of others despite opposition, 3rd stratification

deviance is socially constructed b/c its in the eye of the beholder

authoritarian leader gives orders, assigns tasks, and all major decisions

Wealth is NOT the abundance of economic assets that a person or family owns

Capitalism is based on personal gain rather than collective well being

a role is behavior ____ of a person who has a particular ___

movement up or down the class hierarchy relative to the position of one’s parents

____ Deviance is things such as suicide, alcoholism, smoking cigarettes 

street crime which includes bodily harm

Deviance is in the eye of the beholder

violations of societies formal laws, category of devience

crimes committed by people with high statuses in the course of their jobs

what people understand as a reality is subjective to whats around them