A key diplomatic achievement of Richard M. Nixon’s presidency was

A visit to china in February 1972

It overlooked which of the following contexts that allowed for the expansion of suburbia?

The reliance on new roads and highways

The Vietnam War differed from the Korean War in that the Vietnam War

ended with the collapse of the government that the United States

Which of the following was most responsible for bringing to an end Senator Joseph McCarthy’s anticommunist campaign?

Television audiences witnessed his manner of leveling unsubstantiated

The excerpt could best be used as evidence of which of the following developments in the United States at the time?

Debates over the policies and methods designed to expose suspected com

The United States commitment of troops to European countries shown in the graph reflects a foreign policy

participating in collective security arrangements

Which of the following developments was most directly associated with the trend shown in the graph between 1960 and 1965

The expansion of the private sector of the economy

In contrast to United States policies following the First World War, the United States used its military forces

occupy its former enemies’ territory and help them rebuild

Which of the following migration patterns had the greatest impact on United States society in the 1950s?

Migration of Americans from urban centers to the suburbs

Which of the following factors was most likely responsible for the change in Chicago’s population from 1950

Migration to the suburbs and surrounding regions

All of the following were crises during Dwight D. Eisenhower’s presidency EXCEPT

the Soviet Union blockading river, road, and rail traffic into West Berlin

Someone who favored George Washington’s approach to foreign policy would be most likely to object

Membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

In an influential 1947 article, diplomat George F. Kennan advocated that the United States should

focus its foreign policy on containing the spread of Soviet communism

Which of the following was an achievement of the John F. Kennedy administration?

Passage of the Alliance for Progress to provide economic aid for Latin

Which of the following examples best supports the Kerner Commission’s argument that two separate societies were emerging

The movement of many families to the suburbs

The main goal of the Marshall Plan was to

finance the economic reconstruction of Western Europe

Many of the federal policies and initiatives passed in the 1960s address which of the following about the economic

Pockets of poverty persisted despite overall affluence.

The decade after the Second World War was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

widespread student opposition to the development of nuclear weaponry

In which of the following ways did public attitudes toward the Civil Rights movement change as a result of sentiments

White approval declined as a result of the perception that aggressive

former British prime minister expressed the ideas in the excerpt to an audience in the United States helped promote

participation of both Britain and the United States in an international

The Kerner Commission would most likely have attributed the “disorders” mentioned in the excerpt to

high levels of unemployment among African Americans

poverty rates of the early 1960s depicted in the graph most directly contributed to which of the following

Reformers criticized the persistence of inequality despite the affluence

Which of the following best describes a difference between Eisenhower’s and Kennedy’s arguments in the excerpts?

Kennedy called for an increase in spending on national defense

The advertisement best provides evidence for which of the following developments in the 1950s?

The increase in homogeneity in postwar society

SDS best exemplifies which of the following?

The emergence of radical groups claiming that liberals were doing too li

Which of the following statements about the emergence of rock and roll music as a part of 1950’s popular culture

It relied heavily on Black musical traditions.

The Marshall Plan most directly resulted from which of the following?

A foreign policy based on the collective security of noncommunist

A desire for greater security in the United States emerged immediately after the Second World War because of which?

The spread of international communism

The overall trend from 1960 to 1970 depicted on the graph resulted from all of the following EXCEPT the

adoption of digital technologies

Which of the following statements is correct about the rise of Senator Joseph R. McCarthy to national prominence?

He effectively played on the fears of Americans that communists

Rhetoric in the excerpt would most likely have been interpreted as promoting which of the following policies?

Rejecting tactics used to expose alleged communists in the government

An important way in which the situation described in the excerpt was significant was that it

highlighted a view of communism as an authoritarian threat

The opinions expressed in the excerpt are most similar to those of the American Indian Movement in that both groups

argued that the United States had a responsibility to provide compensation

The purpose of the Truman Doctrine of 1947 was to

prevent communism from spreading further through military aggression

Which of the following explains the context for United States economic development between 1950 and the early 1970s?

Low unemployment encouraged American optimism

The containment policy articulated by George F. Kennan in 1947 proposed

efforts by the United States to block the expansion of the Soviet Union’s

The New Look military, brinksmanship, and massive retaliation were all instances of

shifts to a more confrontational stance toward the Soviet Union

The idea in the advertisement most likely had limited appeal for which of the following groups?

Rebellious young people uncomfortable with conformity

The policies advocated by Marshall had most in common with which of the following developments

The attempts by the federal government to foster economic opportunities

Which of the following is most characteristic of President Eisenhower’s Cold War strategy?

It relied on the principle of massive retaliation.

The 1950s picture above shows what some social critics believed to be

a representation of the conformity of postwar culture

Which of the following resulted from the Cuban missile crisis?

The Soviets withdrew their missiles from Cuba

The presence of troops overseas in the countries indicated on the graph demonstrates United States prioritization

Practicing containment around the world

Accounts of North Vietnamese torpedo-boat attacks on United States destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin during

Escalation of the American war effort

relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union outlined in the excerpt most immediately resulted in which

The development of more powerful conventional and nuclear

studbud

Unit 8 APUSH

122 termsStudBud Administration

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Questions 122

Answers

1
A key diplomatic achievement of Richard M. Nixon’s presidency was
A visit to china in February 1972
a nuclear test ban treaty with the Soviet Union
a visit to Angola to help the African nation resist communist guerrillas
a joint Apollo-Soyuz space mission with the Soviet Union
2
The policies expressed in the excerpt contributed most directly to debates in the United States about the
best means to combat communism
response to decolonization
mass mobilization of civilian resources
role of the president in setting foreign policy
3
It overlooked which of the following contexts that allowed for the expansion of suburbia?
The growth of income for middle-class families
The appeal of modern amenities to consumers
The sharp increase in birth rates after the war
The reliance on new roads and highways
4
The Vietnam War differed from the Korean War in that the Vietnam War
ended with the collapse of the government that the United States
generated criticism of the government’s military policies
involved United States troops without a formal congressional
involved the United States in an indirect confrontation with the Soviet
5
Which of the following was most responsible for bringing to an end Senator Joseph McCarthy’s anticommunist campaign?
Television audiences witnessed his manner of leveling unsubstantiated
McCarthy proved his charges of communist subversion.
President Truman publicly criticized McCarthy.
courts issued an injunction against further accusations by McCarthy.
6
The excerpt could best be used as evidence of which of the following developments in the United States at the time?
Widespread domestic opposition to United States involvement
The government’s unwillingness to negotiate with federal employee
Rising concerns about the large nuclear arsenal and the existence
Debates over the policies and methods designed to expose suspected com
7
The United States commitment of troops to European countries shown in the graph reflects a foreign policy
seeking confrontation with the Soviet Union
restricting all trade with communist nations that belonged to the Warsaw
participating in collective security arrangements
seeking isolation from issues elsewhere in the world
8
Which of the following developments was most directly associated with the trend shown in the graph between 1960 and 1965
The increase in federal subsidies for manufacturers
The levying of high tariffs on imported goods
The expansion of the private sector of the economy
The growth in the number of American farmers
9
In contrast to United States policies following the First World War, the United States used its military forces
ensure that its allies assumed the lead in postwar decision making
occupy its former enemies’ territory and help them rebuild
demand the repayment of outstanding debts by its allies
protect United States borders and make its allies responsible
10
Which of the following migration patterns had the greatest impact on United States society in the 1950s?
Migration of Americans from urban centers to the suburbs
Immigration of East Asians to the West Coast
Migration of Mexican Americans to midwestern cities
Migration
11
Which of the following factors was most likely responsible for the change in Chicago’s population from 1950
Decreasing birth rates among city dwellers
Migration to the suburbs and surrounding regions
Continued racial discrimination in urban public housing
Federal policies discouraging immigration
12
All of the following were crises during Dwight D. Eisenhower’s presidency EXCEPT
Egypt seizing the Suez Canal
the Soviet Union blockading river, road, and rail traffic into West Berlin
Fidel Castro gaining control of Cuba
the Soviet Union shooting down an American U-2 spy plane
13
The cartoon above refers to which of the following political figures?
Richard Nixon
Adlai Stevenson
Joseph McCarthy
Whittaker Chambers
14
Someone who favored George Washington’s approach to foreign policy would be most likely to object
Declaration of neutrality at the beginning of the First World War
Participation in international scientific conferences
Selling surplus wheat to the Soviet Union in the 1970s
Membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
15
In an influential 1947 article, diplomat George F. Kennan advocated that the United States should
invade the Soviet Union to establish democracy
covert activities in underdeveloped countries to undermine communis
adopt a more conciliatory policy toward the Soviet Union
focus its foreign policy on containing the spread of Soviet communism
16
Which of the following was an achievement of the John F. Kennedy administration?
Passage of the Economic Opportunity Bill
Extension of diplomatic recognition to the People’s Republic of China
Passage of the Alliance for Progress to provide economic aid for Latin
Passage of civil rights legislation
17
Eisenhower’s concerns expressed in the excerpt emerged most directly from the context of the
First World War
Cold War
Korean War
Vietnam war
18
Which of the following examples best supports the Kerner Commission’s argument that two separate societies were emerging
The movement of many families to the suburbs
The emergence of a youth culture
The arrival of new immigrants from around the world
The existence of racial segregation in the military
19
The main goal of the Marshall Plan was to
finance the economic reconstruction of Western Europe
speed the economic recovery and democratization of Japan
strengthen the Chinese nationalists against the Chinese
create a strong military alliance between the United States
20
The Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s successfully eliminated
rural poverty
substandard housing
urban riots
legal segregation
21
Many of the federal policies and initiatives passed in the 1960s address which of the following about the economic
A rising standard of living encouraged unionization of industrial workers.
Private industry boomed in spite of a declining rate of federal spending.
Affluence had effectively eliminated racial discrimination.
Pockets of poverty persisted despite overall affluence.
22
The decade after the Second World War was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
a population explosion known as the “baby boom”
rapid and extensive suburbanization
unprecedented prosperity
widespread student opposition to the development of nuclear weaponry
23
In which of the following ways did public attitudes toward the Civil Rights movement change as a result of sentiments
Liberal feminists adopted the tactics of the Black Panthers
Young people increasingly rejected the platform of the Black Panthers
The federal government responded by enacting social welfare
White approval declined as a result of the perception that aggressive
24
former British prime minister expressed the ideas in the excerpt to an audience in the United States helped promote
the United States to withdraw troops from Japan in order to better protect
participation of both Britain and the United States in an international
United States support for British efforts to retain its colonial empire
greater United States willingness to share nuclear weapons with Britain
25
In the mid-1950s, President Eisenhower’s argument for federal funding of highway construction emphasized
beautification
defeating the domestic communist threat
national defense
economic stimulus
26
The Kerner Commission would most likely have attributed the “disorders” mentioned in the excerpt to
the failure to pass civil rights legislation
high levels of unemployment among African Americans
urban police forces’ failure to reduce the high crime rates
the influence of a delinquent subculture
27
poverty rates of the early 1960s depicted in the graph most directly contributed to which of the following
Democrats called for increased deregulation of business
Reformers criticized the persistence of inequality despite the affluence
Religious leaders advocated the Social Gospel to address the economic
Conservatives argued that free trade agreements were harming
28
Which of the following best describes a difference between Eisenhower’s and Kennedy’s arguments in the excerpts?
Eisenhower believed that the United States should invade communist coun
Eisenhower claimed that communism posed no threat to the United States
Kennedy called for an increase in spending on national defense
Kennedy asserted that overseas allies were dispensable
29
The advertisement best provides evidence for which of the following developments in the 1950s?
The increase in homogeneity in postwar society
The efforts by civil rights activists to oppose segregation
The rejection by some artists and intellectuals of mass culture
The spread of fear of communist infiltration of the federal government
30
SDS best exemplifies which of the following?
The development of new concerns about environmental pollution
The success of the Civil Rights movement
The increased influence of conservatives who opposed expansive social
The emergence of radical groups claiming that liberals were doing too li
31
Which of the following statements about the emergence of rock and roll music as a part of 1950’s popular culture
It relied heavily on Black musical traditions.
It was a spin-off from British popular music of the time.
It adopted many of the big band tunes of the 1940’s.
It had little appeal in the South and West.
32
The Marshall Plan most directly resulted from which of the following?
A foreign policy based on the collective security of noncommunist
A strategy focused on promoting the development of a suburban society
Conservatives’ fears of domestic unrest and challenges to the traditional
The effort to create alliances with newly decolonized countries
33
A desire for greater security in the United States emerged immediately after the Second World War because of which?
The spread of international communism
Oil crisis in the Middle East
Decolonization in Africa and Asia
The emergence of detente
34
The overall trend from 1960 to 1970 depicted on the graph resulted from all of the following EXCEPT the
continuation of federal investment
development of new consumer products
adoption of digital technologies
growth of corporations
35
Which of the following statements is correct about the rise of Senator Joseph R. McCarthy to national prominence?
He effectively played on the fears of Americans that communists
He received strong support from president Eisenhower.
He used the televised Army-McCarthy hearings to his advantage.
He was the first Republican to emphasize the dangers of communism
36
Rhetoric in the excerpt would most likely have been interpreted as promoting which of the following policies?
Preventing members of the Communist Party from running for office
Supporting regimes in Korea and Vietnam against communist influence
Rejecting tactics used to expose alleged communists in the government
Establishing the diplomatic strategy of détente with communist nations
37
An important way in which the situation described in the excerpt was significant was that it
suggested concerns about communist subversion in the United States
encouraged direct military confrontation between the United States
highlighted a view of communism as an authoritarian threat
celebrated the Allies’ victory over the Axis powers in the Second World War
38
The opinions expressed in the excerpt are most similar to those of the American Indian Movement in that both groups
claimed that the United States had a responsibility
believed that the United States should not be involved in foreign wars
argued that the United States had a responsibility to provide compensation
asserted that state and local governments should have more power
39
The purpose of the Truman Doctrine of 1947 was to
prevent communism from spreading further through military aggression
retake Eastern Europe from the Soviet Union
prevent the spread of independence movements in European colonies
decrease the risk of nuclear war by placing atomic weaponry
40
Which of the following explains the context for United States economic development between 1950 and the early 1970s?
Companies imported valuable commodities
A powerful conservative movement halted federal economic
Low unemployment encouraged American optimism
Credit and stock markets became unstable because of overspeculation.
41
The containment policy articulated by George F. Kennan in 1947 proposed
the end of the SU
an all-out campaign to destabilize the Soviet Union
efforts by the United States to block the expansion of the Soviet Union’s
a United States commitment to free Eastern Europe from communism
42
The New Look military, brinksmanship, and massive retaliation were all instances of
shifts to a more confrontational stance toward the Soviet Union
plans to win the war in Vietnam using superior technology and manpower
United States strategies employed during the Korean War
United States threats used to force the Soviet Union
43
The idea in the advertisement most likely had limited appeal for which of the following groups?
Marketers and salespeople
Married homemakers and parents
Managers and professionals
Rebellious young people uncomfortable with conformity
44
The policies advocated by Marshall had most in common with which of the following developments
The attempts by the federal government to foster economic opportunities
The expansion of a market economy in the early 1800s
The forcing of American Indians onto reservations
The emergence of political machines in the late 1800s, which provided econ
45
Which of the following is most characteristic of President Eisenhower’s Cold War strategy?
caused him to restrict covert operations of the Central Intelligence
It relied on a massive buildup of conventional troops.
It relied on the principle of massive retaliation.
restricted any further development of the United States nuclear ar
46
The 1950s picture above shows what some social critics believed to be
a representation of the conformity of postwar culture
the end of social and economic differentiation in housing
the cause of decreased agricultural production
tangible evidence of the strength of the nation’s largest cities
47
Which of the following resulted from the Cuban missile crisis?
The Soviets were allowed to keep existing missiles
The Soviets withdrew their missiles from Cuba
The United States succeeded in eliminating all communist influence
The United States agreed to withdraw from Berlin in exchange for Soviet
48
The presence of troops overseas in the countries indicated on the graph demonstrates United States prioritization
Fighting communism in the Middle East
Defending the principles of the Monroe Doctrine
Practicing containment around the world
Engaging in the global war on terrorism
49
Accounts of North Vietnamese torpedo-boat attacks on United States destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin during
Delivery of a formal diplomatic protest to Hanoi
Discontinuation of American naval involvement
Escalation of the American war effort
Withdrawal of all American military advisers
50
The Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka directly contradicted the legal principle established by
Miranda v. Arizona
Schechter v. United States
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dred Scott v. Sanford
51
relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union outlined in the excerpt most immediately resulted in which
The establishment of diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic
The efforts to overthrow the revolutionary communist government
The fostering of détente with the Soviet Union
The development of more powerful conventional and nuclear
52
Opponents of the program described in the excerpt most often argued that it
discouraged participation in the Civil Rights movement
would increase membership in the Communist Party
exposed the lack of federal protections for workers
posed a serious threat to civil liberties
53
A major consequence of the 1973 Yom Kippur War in the Middle East was that it led immediately to
the nationalization of the Suez Canal by Egypt
a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel signed at Camp David
international recognition of an independent country of Israel
an energy crisis sparked by OPEC’s embargo of oil to the Western
54
The initial response of the United Stated to the outbreak of war in Korea was to
encourage Japan to rearm
seek collective action against North Korea through the United Nations
seek the cooperation of the People’s Republic of China to end the fighting
request a summit meeting with the Soviet Union
55
The political climate during McCarthy’s era had the most in common with which of the following?
The efforts to limit immigrants’ political and economic power
The isolationism in United States foreign policy during the 1930s
The attacks on radicals and immigrants following the First World War
56
graph above, the largest decrease in the percent of Americans living below the poverty line accompanied federal policy
the great society
welfare from work
The New Deal
the fair deal
57
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka was a Supreme Court decision that
provided for federal support of parochial schools
declared racially segregated public schools inherently unequal
established free public colleges in the United States
was a forerunner of the Kansas-Nebraska Act
58
Carson’s argument in the excerpt most strongly influenced the
growing number of farmers in the United States
passage of new laws to reduce pollution
rise of a counterculture among young people
establishment of the National Park System
59
Which of the following developments is the most direct effect of the situation portrayed in the image?
Expanded use of military force to achieve foreign policy goals
Reduced congressional oversight of United States military interventions
Increased public opposition to the use of nuclear weapons
Reduced public trust in the federal government and the president
60
The excerpt best serves as evidence of which of the following developments during the 1960s?
Efforts to combat racism in the labor movement
Increased conflict over the role of women in society
New demands for economic rights by Latino Americans
Growing pressure to eliminate racial inequalities in society
61
Which of the following best describes the historic situation in the 1960s that prompted the emergence
The United States allied with other nations to combat fascism
The United States sought to limit the influence of communism
The United States became increasingly divided
The United States attempted to reinvigorate its economy
62
The events that led to the Kerner Commission report most directly contributed to
the emergence of protests against the Vietnam War
women’s demands for equal rights
the decline of union membership in manufacturing industries
conservative calls for a new emphasis on law and order
63
When the Soviet Union successfully launched the first artificial satellite Sputnik in 1957, Congress responded by
passing Title IX of the Federal Education Amendments
ending diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union
opening talks with China
passing the National Defense Education Act
64
Which of the following most directly contributed to the developments Eisenhower warned “we must guard against
The growth of the nuclear arsenal
The increased employment of women in defense manufacturing
The internment of Japanese Americans
65
The Strategic Arms Limitations Talks (SALT), expanded trade with the Soviet Union
brinkmanship
rollback
détente
deterrence
66
The pattern described in the excerpt of Americans who “got married, moved to the suburbs and had babies” contributed to?
Increased migration
Wage stagnation
The rise of youth rebellion through the counterculture
Greater concern about the environment
67
Which of the following describes the trend in crude oil imports to the United States from 1950 to 1970
Crude oil imports rose gradually until reaching half a billion
Crude oil imports grew to a peak just before 1970
Crude oil imports declined rapidly until 1960
Crude oil imports rapidly increased to 2 billion in 1960
68
reason for the formation of the Dixiecrat party in 1948 was the opposition of dissident Democrats to President T
proposal for civil rights legislation
Created the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
support for the Taft-Hartley Act
establishment of the Central Intelligence Agency
69
One significant result of the economic trend described in the excerpt was the
rise of the sexual revolution in the United States
decrease in the number of immigrants seeking entry to the United States
decrease in the number of women in the workforce
rise of the Sun Belt as a political and economic force
70
Kennedy’s views expressed in the excerpt best reflect a foreign policy built around
arms control negotiations
peacekeeping interventions
free trade
containment of communism
71
The ideas expressed in the memo were most consistent with which of the following foreign policy beliefs after 1945 ?
Collective security alliances provided the best means
movement would help balance out the communist nations
economy led by the United States would help stabilize the international
United States should unilaterally support postwar decolonization movements.
72
Which of the following describes the trend in crude oil imports to the United States between 1970 and 1980
Crude oil imports declined to over 3 billion barrels in 1980.
imports declined rapidly to zero before recovering to 2.5 billion barrels
Crude oil imports rose steadily to half a billion barrels in 1980.
imports rose rapidly and then declined to about 2 billion barrels in 1980.
73
Those who shared Powell’s perspective most likely opposed which of the following developments in the United States?
An increase in the standard of living in the decades following the Second
The rise of the military‑industrial complex during the 1950s and the 1960s
The creation of social welfare and regulatory agencies under the New Deal
Laws limiting the power of labor unions in the 1920s
74
Which of the following was true of women in the five years following the Second World War?
They contributed to a sudden decline in the birth rate
Those working outside the home demanded equality in pay
Large numbers left their industrial jobs to make room for
Large numbers were elected to high office because of their contributions
75
Which of the following was a similarity between Eisenhower’s and Kennedy’s arguments in the excerpts?
Both claimed that defense policy could threaten liberty at home.
Both asserted that communism was a threat to the United States
Both declared that the United States had lost international influence.
Both called for an increase in spending on military weapons
76
A key significance of Churchill’s purpose in the excerpt was that it helped prompt the United States to
provide financial support to democratic nations in Western Europe
restrict the power of labor unions in the United States
promise financial aid to veterans returning from the Second World War
eliminate many earlier barriers to immigration, allowing postwar refugees
77
The unanimous Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka stated that segregated schools
the Court could no longer tolerate southern senators’ filibustering
separation of students based solely on race constituted inherently
parallel school systems for White and Black children resulted
Soviet Sputnik satellite made it clear that the segregated public school
78
The policy of containment, justified by George Kennan’s 1947 analysis of the international situation, called for
blocking the expansion of the Soviet Union’s influence
destabilizing the Soviet Union
curbing United States foreign investment to limit involvement in world
liberating Eastern Europe form communism
79
The rise of what the excerpt describes as “domestic containment” most directly contributed to which of the following?
Racism
White southern resistance to school integration
Greater cultural homogeneity
Evangelical Protestant church’s
80
A United States response to the successful orbiting of Sputnik in 1957 was to
increase cooperation with the Soviet Union in space projects
expand federal aid into education
withdraw from arms-limitation talks with the Soviet Union
increase NATO forces in Europe
81
The excerpt could best be used as evidence by historians studying which of the following?
The expansion of suburbs
The decline of the Red Scare
The development of a counterculture movement
The emergence of the Soviet Union
82
The sentiments expressed in the excerpt best reflect which of the following divisions within the Civil Rights movement?
Growing support among young activists in the Civil Rights movement
Tensions within the federal government
Optimism among White people in the United States
Frustrations among Civil Rights activists that social and political change
83
The image most closely reflects which of the following developments in the political climate in the United States?
A growing public debate over the merits and rationale
A renewed public commitment to the containment of communism
A growing public realization that the United State
Declining public support for fighting communism
84
The increased culture of consumerism during the 1950s was most similar to developments in which
1890
1800
1920
1930
85
The excerpt most directly reflects the United States efforts to
gain access to Eastern European markets
maintain an isolationist position
acquire new territories
build an international security system
86
A development related to the overall trend from 1960 to 1980 depicted on the graph was the
increase in public concern regarding air and water quality
ban of free-trade agreements between North American countries
widespread replacement of male factory workers with female workers
creation of the first trusts and monopolies
87
Influential critics of the 1950’s, such as David Riesman, were most concerned with which of the following
The economic responsibilities of being a world superpower
The threat to the nation form communist subversion
Alienation and conformity in modern society
Schooling for the baby-boom generation
88
The ideas in the excerpt most directly intensified which of the following domestic developments in the 1950s?
Allegations of communist infiltration of the government
Concerns over a military-industrial complex
Rejection of many established cultural values by the younger generation
Calls for the elimination of racial discrimination
89
The chart above illustrates the effect of President Richard Nixon’s policy of
Vietnamization
escalation
appeasement
détente
90
Which of the following best characterizes the military-industrial complex in the decade following Eisenhower’s speech?
popular protests
The concerns about the military and industry largely persisted.
Private industry lost significant influence with the federal government.
The military lost significant influence in the federal government.
91
The excerpts best support which of the following arguments about postwar United States foreign policy?
The United States sought to recolonize countries that had gained indep
Some Americans called for the United States to reduce tensions
Many Americans opposed the creation of new alliances in Europe.
Fear of Soviet expansion led to greater United States international
92
Senator Joseph McCarthy’s actions, as described in the excerpt, were most likely interpreted at the time as a reaction
Perceptions of expanding foreign influence
Creation of the interstate highway system
Challenges to New Deal economic policies
Expansion of the size of the military
93
In 1962, which of the following contributed most directly to a crisis in Soviet-American relations over Cuba?
The discovery of Soviet missile sites in Cuba
The failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion
Cuban attacks on the United States naval base at Guantanamo
Cuban support for leftist guerilla movements in Latin America
94
Winston Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech helped mark the beginning of which of the following developments?
United States efforts to counteract Soviet influence by sending troops
Soviet Union efforts to extend its influence into the countries of Western
United States campaigns to support democratic movements in Latin America
The Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union
95
Which of the following factors most directly contributed to the economic trend that Patterson describes?
The expansion of voting rights for African Americans
Challenges to conformity raised by intellectuals and artists
The gradual emergence of détente with the Soviet Union
A surge in the national birthrate
96
Which of the following was a key difference between the Korean War and the Vietnam War?
Public opposition was more significant for the Vietnam War
The chances of a direct military clash between the United States
United States leaders could more easily argue that communist
The press was more adversarial toward United States policy
97
Which of the following developments contributed most directly to the conditions described in the excerpt?
The growth of suburban housing on previously undeveloped land
The growth of higher education
The erosion of soil on the Great Plains
The increase in government regulation of natural resources
98
A significant demographic development in the two decades following the Second World War was a
decline in marriage and birth rates
great migration from the South and West to the Northeast
rapid growth of suburbs
movement from urban to rural communities
99
Which of the following post-1945 developments contributed most strongly to the discomfort that members of SDS felt?
The disillusionment with United States domestic values
The support for collective security through international organizations
The efforts of Congress to adopt legislation to deal with domestic
The Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka decision on school
100
McCarthy’s accusations in the excerpt best reflect which of the following?
Ideological concerns over United States involvement
The emergence of détente
Anxieties about Soviet influence at home and abroad
Decolonization in Africa and Asia
101
The image most directly illustrates a United States foreign policy that emphasized
supporting the Non-Aligned Movement among Middle Eastern
stopping the spread of communism in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East
containing communism in Eastern Europe
placing greater importance on human rights
102
Which of the following best describes the historical context that led to the program described in the excerpt?
Anxieties over Soviet spying in the United States
Challenges to the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights
Debates about the wartime draft and registration
Debates about the wartime draft and registration
103
Kennedy’s strategies expressed in the excerpt have the most in common with which of the following?
Bill Clinton’s advocacy of free trade agreements in the 1990s
Richard Nixon’s strategy of détente with the Soviet Union
Ronald Reagan’s rhetoric about the Soviet Union in the 1980s
Jimmy Carter’s response to the oil crisis in the 1970s
104
Which of the following United States actions most directly resulted from the goals expressed in the excerpt?
Application of federal power to try to end poverty
Passage of new immigration laws
Intervention in the conflict in Korea
Investigations to find communist subversives in government jobs
105
Richard Nixon’s diplomatic overtures to the People’s Republic of China were motivated in part by his belief that China
was ready to embrace a capitalist economy and democratic
might form an alliance with South Korea and Japan against the United States
was a more legitimate representative of the Chinese people
had become an important global power that could not be ignored
106
Which of the following developments was most directly associated with the general trend depicted in the graph
The growth in jobs in the military during the Vietnam War
The passage of new government programs through the Great Society
creation of new social networks through digital technological
The increase in migration to the United States after immigration reform
107
1950 a major factor in President Harry Truman’s commitment of American troops to combat North Korean
preserve South Korea’s markets for United States exports
overcome the stigma that the Democratic party had “lost” China to communism
direct the focus of American postwar foreign policy away from Europe
force Congress to appropriate more money for the armed service
108
The tactics described in the excerpt best represent which of the following?
Using nonviolence
Petitioning government officials
Learning self-defense
Filing legal challenges
109
What did SDS have most in common with the youth counterculture of the 1960s?
A commitment to reforming society through direct political action
A determination to establish gender equality
A desire to remove themselves from mainstream society
A rejection of many of the values of their parents’ generation
110
African American pressure prompted President Harry Truman to advance civil rights by
proposing a constitutional amendment banning Jim Crow laws
agreeing to outlaw the newly formed States’ Rights Party
issuing Executive Order 9981 desegregating the armed forces
signing the Voting Rights Act
111
Joseph McCarthy’s investigative tactics found support among many Americans because
evidence substantiated his charges against the army
both Truman and Eisenhower supported him
there was widespread fear of communist infiltration of the United States
he worked closely with the FBI
112
The Supreme Court decision on Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka essentially reversed which of the following earlier
Marbury v. Madison
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Roe v. Wade
113
The ideas expressed in the excerpt helped to justify which of the following United States foreign policies?
Maintaining isolationism and neutrality in European affairs
Allowing Japan to reestablish its army and navy
Rejecting colonialism in Africa and the Middle East
Forming collective security agreements among noncommunist nations
114
The announced purpose of the Marshall Plan was to
stabilize world currencies
maintain the United States position as the world’s leading creditor nation
aid the economic recovery of the war-torn Europe
reduce the dependence of the European economy on overseas empires
115
Which of the following best explains a limitation of the incentives expressed in the advertisement?
Middle class workers
Housing development that were restricted by age
Housing development that created racism
Many families lived in cities
116
The central point of the 1960s cartoon above was that
protesters were successfully challenging the goals of Lyndon B
Vietnam War limited the President’s ability to carry out domestic programs
public was more interested in foreign policy than in domestic
Vietnam War improved Lyndon B. Johnson’s hopes for reelection
117
Which of the following best describes an interpretation of the overall trend in the graph of United States
United States became more dependent on imports of crude oil in this period.
United States usage of crude oil became more efficient
United States had a consistently increasing supply of crude oil
United States domestic production of crude oil increased in this period.
118
Major domestic developments in the United States during President Eisenhower’s two terms included all except
the exodus of Black families from the rural South
the peaking of the postwar baby boom
the dismantling of New Deal welfare programs
a rise in the gross national product (GNP)
119
During 1968 the deep divisions within the American public were demonstrated by all of the following EXCEPT
urban riots in major cities across the country
the refusal of most Republicans to support Richard Nixon as their president
antiwar demonstrations at the Democratic national convention in Chicago
the assassinations of Robert F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr.
120
Which of the following most likely contributed to the decline of the “political radicalism” referred to in the excerpt?
Anticommunist measures during the Cold War
Neglect of Black artists and culture during the New Deal
The drafting of young men to fight in Vietnam
Racial discrimination in the United States armed forces during the Second
121
The events described in the excerpt contributed most directly to the
desegregation of the armed services
Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
122
Which of the following is a correct statement about the college-level education in the twentieth-century
The “baby boomers” finished college in large numbers in the 1950’s.
Private universities raised admission standards during the 1940’s.
GI Bill financed the education of male students during the post-Second
State universities increased scholarship aid during the Depression.

Unit 8 APUSH Flashcards | StudBud