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Ch 01: Intro to Earth Science Flashcards | StudBud
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Ch 01: Intro to Earth Science
Ch 01: Intro to Earth Science
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1
What is the contour interval of the map?
25 ft
10 ft
100 ft
50 ft
2
What is the driving force for the movement of the lithospheric plates?
unequal distribution of heat within Earth
unequal distribution of heat in the oceans
heat from the sun
heat in the atmosphere
3
Area of .Earth science that examines the physical and biological changes that have occurred in Earth’s past is ___.
historical geology
oceanography
physical geology
meteorology
4
Earth is considered a system because all of its parts...
...represent separate closed systems.
...interact.
...were formed at the same time.
...are powered by the same energy source.
5
Which two elements mainly comprised the solar nebula from which our solar system formed?
hydrogen
carbon
helium
potassium
6
How could the building of a dam affect the Earth system?
A dam could cause the flooding of a nearby forest
all of these
A dam could destroy a fish species that needs swiftly moving water
A dam could block the migration of spawning fish
7
The distance, measured in degrees, north and south of the equator is referred to as ___.
the prime meridian
the poles
longitude
latitude
8
The sun’s energy drives which of the following processes?
weather and ocean circulation
volcanic eruptions
mountain building
earthquakes
9
According to the nebular hypothesis, our solar system formed from a huge rotating cloud made mostly of ___.
nitrogen and oxygen
helium and hydrogen
carbon and hydrogen
oxygen and helium
10
What is the approximate difference in elevation between Point E and Point D?
1,500 ft
750 ft
7,500 ft
1,000 ft
11
Subdivisions of Earth Science include ___.
oceanography
astronomy
meteorology
geology
12
A Mercator projection map shows accurate...
...size and distances only at the center of the map.
...distances, sizes, and shapes, but has distortions around the edges.
...size, but has distorted distances.
...directions, but has distorted sizes and distances.
13
On the global grid, the prime meridian is at...
...90 degrees latitude.
...0 degrees latitude.
...90 degrees longitude.
...0 degrees longitude.
14
If you sail across Pacific from San Francisco to Japan, which two types of map projections would be best for navigation?
conic
gnomonic
Robinson
Mercator
15
A map with a scale of 1:24,000 means that...
...one unit on the ground is equal to 24,000 units on the map.
...the contour interval changes every 24,000 feet.
...the contour interval is 24,000 feet.
...one unit on the map is equal to 24,000 units on the ground.
16
What is the elevation of Sugar Loaf Mountain?
1,130 ft
11,300 ft
10,000 ft
15,000 ft
17
Earth’s four major spheres are the...
...hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere, and biosphere.
...hydrosphere, geosphere, lithosphere, and asthenosphere.
...hydrosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere.
...hydrosphere, asthenosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere.
18
A scientific idea that is well tested and widely accepted by the scientific community is called a scientific ___.
inquiry
theory
method
hypothesis
19
The theory of plate tectonics helps scientists explain...
...why Earth’s core is less dense than the mantle.
...how ocean currents move over Earth’s surface.
...why hurricanes occur.
...how earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur.
20
A hypothesis can become a theory if that hypothesis...
...can be tested at least once.
...has lasted a very long time.
...has no other competing hypotheses.
...is tested thoroughly and competing hypotheses are eliminated.
21
The inner planets - Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars - were formed by...
...supernovas.
...repeated collisions of asteroid-sized debris.
...collisions with large galaxies.
...masses of cold hydrogen and helium.
22
Which of the following would be one of the interacting parts in a weather system?
Earth’s inner core
tectonic plate
weather satellite
clouds
23
Longitude is the distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees.
True
False
24
Which of the following is NOT caused by human interactions with the Earth system?
deforestation
air pollution
water pollution
mountain building
25
What are the three main parts of the geosphere?
lithosphere, mantle, core
atmosphere, crust, core
crust, mantle, core
asthenosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere
26
The crust and uppermost mantle make up the rigid outer layer of Earth called the ___.
lithosphere
asthenosphere
lower mantle
geosphere
27
What is the distance from Point B to Point C?
4 mi
4 km
5 km
6 mi
28
Any size group of interacting parts that form a complex whole is a(n) ___.
energy source
sphere
tectonic plate
system
29
When competing hypotheses have been eliminated, a hypothesis may be elevated to the status of a scientific ___.
truth
idea
estimate
theory
30
Which layer of Earth’s geosphere is labeled C?
upper mantle
lower mantle
crust
outer core
31
Which of the following is NOT one of the main areas of Earth science?
astronomy
geology
astrology
oceanography
32
Which of the following is NOT an example of a nonrenewable resource?
oil
natural gas
copper
solar energy
33
Resources that can be replenished over a relatively short time span are called ___.
mineral resources
fossil fuels
renewable resources
nonrenewable resources
34
Tectonic plates are large sections of crust and upper mantle, or lithosphere, that move slowly around Earth’s surface.
True
False
35
Because there is only a small amount of distortion over a local area, what map is used for road maps and weather maps?
Robinson projection map
conic projection map
Mercator projection map
gnomonic projection map
36
An untested explanation that tries to explain how or why things happen in the manner observed is a scientific ___.
fact
hypothesis
law
theory
37
Which of the following is NOT an example of a renewable resource?
cotton
chicken
lumber
iron
38
A nonrenewable resources forms so slowly that it may take millions of years to accumulate significant deposits.
True
False
39
Which of the following is an environmental hazard created by humans?
hurricane
air pollution
flood
earthquake
40
Differences in elevation are best shown using a ___ map projection.
Mercator
gnomonic
Robinson
topographic
41
Which layer of Earth’s geosphere is labeled A?
crust
outer core
upper mantle
inner core
42
On a topographic map, contour lines that form a circle indicate a(n) ___.
ocean
depression
lake
hill
43
The outer planets - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune - are made up of...
...hydrogen, helium, and water.
...water, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and methane.
...carbon, oxygen, and methane.
...iron, nickel, and carbon dioxide.
44
Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?
energy from flowing water
coal
petroleum
iron
45
How could two points 35 degrees north of equator - one in Canada, other in China - be determined using map coordinates?
by their map projection
by their elevation
by their longitude
by their latitude
46
What is the study of the atmosphere and the processes that produce weather and climate?
meteorology
geology
astronomy
oceanography
47
Which of Earth’s spheres includes the oceans, groundwater, lakes, and glaciers?
hydrosphere
atmosphere
biosphere
geosphere
48
According to the plate tectonics model, what layers form Earth’s rigid, mobile plates?
inner and outer core
upper and lower mantle
crust only
crust and uppermost mantle
49
Which of the following is powered by energy from Earth’s interior?
a volcano
erosion
weather
ocean circulation
50
What are the two sources of energy for the Earth system?
the sun and Earth’s interior
Earth’s interior and the winds
lightning and the sun
the sun and wind
51
The life-forms of the biosphere are located in the...
hydrosphere only.
...geosphere only.
...atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere.
...hydrosphere and atmosphere only.
