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Unit 2 Part I HMH Earth Science Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 2 Part I HMH Earth Science
Unit 2 Part I HMH Earth Science
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1
Which of these is the term for the color of a mineral in powdered form?
reactivity
luster
refraction
streak
2
Which of these is usually a quality of a mineral that is a natural solid?
inorganic, with uncharacteristic physical properties
inorganic, with characteristic physical properties
organic, with uncharacteristic physical properties
organic, with characteristic physical properties
3
The sun’s energy provides much of the thermal energy inside Earth.
False
True
4
Which of these may decrease temperatures by reflecting sunlight back into space?
volcanic activity
orbital change
global warming
sea-level change
5
Which mineral is the hardest?
diamond
talc
flourite
gypsum
6
The thermal energy that you feel when you put your hand on the ground originates from the sun.
True
False
7
What is the process that causes hot materials within Earth to move toward the surface?
radiation
conduction
convection
all of these
8
Which statement summarizes the primary way in which ocean currents redistribute energy on Earth?
Energy moves from poles toward the equator by conduction.
Energy moves from equator toward the poles by convection.
Energy moves from equator toward the poles by conduction.
Energy moves from poles toward the equator by convection.
9
.
The two primary sources of energy that drive movement of Earth’s mantle are the sun and radioactive decay.
False
True
10
How does water's albedo effect solar radiation?
water has a low albedo so it absorbs a lot of the sun's energy
water has a high albedo so it reflects a lot of the sun's energy
water has a low albedo so it reflects a lot of the sun's energy
water doesn't have albedo so it doesn't effect the sun's energy
11
When light is absorbed by magnetite crystals and does not pass through it, what mineral property is this?
streak
transparency
luster
hardness
12
What happens to minerals containing unstable atomic nuclei that decay over time into stable nuclei?
it becomes radioactive
it becomes phosphorescent
it becomes fluorescent
it becomes cold
13
After Earth absorbs the sun's energy, what kind of energy does the atmosphere absorb from the ground?
thermal
nuclear
solar
wind
14
She finds that an unknown mineral can scratch calcite, but not apatite, What is the likely hardness of the mineral?
6.5
2.5
4.5
5.5
15
How does ice's albedo effect solar radiation?
ice doesn't have albedo so it doesn't effect the sun's energy
ice has a low albedo so it absorbs a lot of the sun's energy
ice has a high albedo so it reflects a lot of the sun's energy
ice has a low albedo so it reflects a lot of the sun's energy
16
What is the term for how light is reflected from a mineral’s surface?
reactivity
luster
refraction
streak
17
Which of these is NOT a source of energy in Earth's system?
collisional heating
radioactive decay
sun
water
18
The Arctic Ocean is covered in sea ice year-round is shrinking because of global warming. Why is this positive feedback?
Sea ice absorbs greenhouse gases, but open water cannot absorb them.
Ice reflects solar radiation back into space, but open water absorbs it
Sea ice insulates the Arctic Ocean, but open water cannot insulate ocean.
Sea ice traps heat in the Arctic Ocean, but melting ice releases it.
19
Most of the thermal energy in Earth is energy left over from Earth’s formation and energy from radioactive decay.
False
True
20
Which mineral is the softest?
talc
diamond
gypsum
fluorite
21
Most energy reaches Earth from space as visible light.
False
True
22
More than 99% of Earth's outgoing energy comes from energy brought to Earth's surface in volcanic eruptions.
True
False
23
Which of these drives evaporation?
precipiation
sun's energy
Coriolis effect
Carbon dioxide
24
A primary source of the energy in the mantle is radioactive decay.
True
False
25
Energy leaves Earth's system only during the daytime.
False
True
26
Which of these lists only minerals?
obsidian, gypsum, corundum
quartz, coal, granite
pyrite, halite, brass
fluorite, feldspar, copper
27
How could the scientist use properties of water to help identify a mineral?
Put it in a beaker of water and shine a light for refraction
Attempt to dissolve each mineral in water and look for color change
Slowly diluting a solution of each mineral in water
Calculate the density of the mineral
28
How does ice on Earth effect the climate?
ice has a cooling effect on the climate
ice has a warming effect on the climate
ice can both cool and warm the climate
ice has no effect on the climate
29
Almost all of the energy in Earth’s interior was gained during the formation of the solar system.
False
True
30
Most of the energy that leaves Earth travels in the form of visible light.
True
False
31
Which of these is a layer inside Earth that provides energy that drives plate tectonics?
biosphere
magnetosphere
mantle
lithosphere
