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AP CSP Vocab
cleaning data
distributed computing
AP CSP Vocab
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1
distributed computing
Computing tasks spread across multiple computers in a network
Computing tasks performed on a single computer
A type of data encryption for distributed systems
A method for compressing data distribution
2
cleaning data
Sampling data for analysis
Compressing data for storage
Encrypting data for storage
Removing errors and inconsistencies from data
3
Run-time error:
A mistake in the programming logic
A type of data error
An error that occurs during compilation
An error that occurs during program execution
4
speedup of a parallel solution
The decrease in performance achieved by parallel computing
A type of data compression technique
A method for encrypting parallel solutions
The improvement in performance achieved by parallel computing
5
malware
Software made to damage, or gain unauthorized access to a computer system
A type of data encryption for malicious programs
A method for compressing malicious software
Software designed to enhance computer performance
6
Index
A data structure that organizes information for quick retrieval
A logical error in a program
A programming language syntax error
A variable that stores a memory address
7
Modularity
principle of breaking a program into separate interchangeable components
The process of combining multiple programs into a single unit
The process of simplifying program logic
A method for compressing program modules
8
Decidable problem:
A method for encrypting data using a secret key
A problem that can be solved using an algorithm
A search algorithm that divides the search space in half at each step
A programming error that causes the program to crash
9
information
c) A type of data compression
a) Data that has been processed into meaningful form
d) A type of data encryption
b) Raw, unprocessed facts and figures
10
Overflow error
An error caused by exceeding the maximum value that a data type can hold
An error that occurs when a program runs out of memory
A syntax error in a program
A logical error in a program
11
digital divide
gap between those who have computers and the internet and those who don't
The gap between different digital data formats
A type of data encryption for digital content
A method for compressing digital data
12
bandwidth
A method for encrypting data transmission
The amount of data stored in a computer system
A type of data compression technique
maximum amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time
13
phishing
type of cyber attack uses emails to trick people to reveal personal info
A type of data encryption for fishing
A type of malware
A method for compressing sensitive information
14
Element:
A programming error that causes unexpected behavior in a program
A technique for encrypting data to protect it from unauthorized access
A method for compressing data without losing any information
A single item in a list
15
string concatenation
A method for compressing strings
The process of combining two or more strings into a single string
The process of breaking a string into smaller parts
A type of data encryption for strings
16
Optimization problem
problem that seeks to find the best solution among many possible solutions
A type of computer virus that spreads through email attachments
A search algorithm that checks each item in a list in order
construct that allows different actions to be taken based on a condition
17
Sequencing Defintion
A method for compressing data without losing any information
A search algorithm that divides the search space in half at each step
The process of arranging data or instructions in a specific order
A programming error that causes unexpected behavior in a program
18
List
A programming construct that represents a single value or piece of data
A type of computer network that connects devices within a limited area
A collection of elements in a specific order
A method for compressing data by removing redundant information
19
Bit
A programming construct that represents a single value or piece of data
The smallest unit of digital information\
A technique for encrypting data using a secret key
A method for compressing data by removing redundant informatio
20
path
A method for sampling data for transmission
A type of data compression technique
The process of encrypting data for transmission
The route that data takes through a network
21
Number bases:
A system for representing numbers using a specific set of digits\
A method for encrypting data to protect it from unauthorized access
A program that allows different actions to be taken based on a condition
A technique for dividing a problem into smaller subproblems
22
definition of Abstraction
process of hiding unnecessary details and focusing on essential features
A type of computer network that connects devices within a limited area
A technique for encrypting data to protect it from unauthorized access
A programming error that causes the program to crash
23
Scalability
The ability of a system to handle increasing amounts of work or traffic
A method for compressing data without losing any information
A programming construct that allows the repetition of a process
A technique for dividing a problem into smaller subproblems
24
Decryption
algorithm that divides the search space in 1/2 at each step of Programing
type of computer virus that spreads through network connections
The process of converting ciphertext back into plaintext
A programming error that causes the program to crash
25
citizen science
Involving the public in scientific research projects
A method for compressing scientific data
A type of data encryption for scientific data
Science conducted by government organizations
26
Overflow error:
A search algorithm that checks each item in a list in order
error that occurs when a value exceeds the maximum representable value
A technique for dividing a problem into smaller subproblems
A technique for dividing a problem into smaller subproblems
27
Round-off error:
A type of computer virus that spreads through email attachments
construct that allows different actions to be taken based on a condition
A search algorithm that divides the search space in half at each step
errors when a calculation is rounded to a specific number of decimal places
28
Binary search:
construct that allows different actions to be taken based on a condition
A search algorithm that divides the search space in half at each step
A method for compressing data by removing redundant information
A search algorithm that checks each item in a list in order
29
definition of selection
construct that allows different actions to be taken based on a condition
A technique for sampling analog data at regular intervals
A method for encrypting data using a secret key
A type of computer virus that spreads through email attachments
30
Modulus operator:
A mathematical operator that returns the remainder of a division operation
A method for compressing data by removing unnecessary details
A programming construct that allows the repetition of a process
A type of computer virus that spreads through network connections
31
metadata
Data that provides information about other data
Sampled data for analysis
Encrypted data for secure storage
Compressed data for efficient storage
32
routing
A method for organizing data for transmission
The process of determining the optimal path for data transmission
A type of data encryption for data transmission
The process of compressing data for transmission
33
Byte
A programming error that causes unexpected behavior in a program
A group of 8 bits
A type of computer virus that spreads through email attachments
A method for compressing data without losing any information
34
Data abstraction
The process of encrypting data
A method for compressing data
The process of representing complex data in a simplified way
The process of cleaning and organizing data
35
crowdsourcing
A type of data encryption for collaborative projects
A method for compressing data collaboratively
Obtaining data from a single authoritative source
Obtaining input by soliciting contributions from a large group of people
36
Substring
A string that contains only numeric characters
A type of data encryption
A type of data compression technique
A smaller string that is part of a larger string
37
programming language
A formal language used to write computer programs
A technique for encrypting data using a secret key
A collection of data stored in a computer system
construct that allows different actions to be taken based on a condition
38
Binary (base 2):
A number system that uses only 0 and 1 to represent numbers
A type of computer network that connects devices within a limited area
A method for compressing data by removing redundant information
A programming construct that represents a single value or piece of data
39
string
A type of data compression technique
A type of error in a program
A sequence of characters
A data type that can only store numeric values
40
computer virus
A method for encrypting computer viruses
type of malware that replicates itself and spreads to other computers
A type of software that protects computers from viruses
A type of data compression technique
41
fault-tolerant
A method for compressing fault-tolerant data
The tendency of a system to fail frequently
A type of data encryption for fault tolerance
The ability of a system to continue operating in the event of a failure.
42
Lossy data compression
A compression technique that encrypts data
A compression technique that retains all original data when decompressed
A compression technique that discards some data when decompressed
A compression technique that samples data for analysis
43
Creative Commons
A type of data encryption for creative content
A type of open-source software license
A non-profit organization for computing innovation
A method for data compression
44
Application program interface (API):
A type of data structure
A method for accessing hardware components
A program that interfaces with the user
A set of protocols and tools for building software applications
45
Algorithm Definition
A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or accomplishing a task
A collection of data stored in a computer system
A programming language used for web development
A type of computer virus that spreads quickly and causes damage
46
sequential computing
Executing instructions in order, one at a time
A type of data encryption for sequential operations
Executing instructions in random order
A method for compressing computation
47
Efficiency
A method for compressing data by removing redundant information
system ability to acomplish tasks with min waste of time, energy, resources
A programming error that causes unexpected behavior in a program
A type of computer virus that spreads through network connections
48
procedural abstraction
The process of executing data procedures
The process of representing complex procedures in a simplified way
The process of encrypting procedures
A method for data compression
49
Decision problem
A programming construct that allows the repetition of a process
A problem that can be answered with a yes or no
A type of computer network that connects devices within a limited area
A method for compressing data without losing any information
50
data streams
A data storage format
A method for encrypting data
A continuous flow of data
A method for encrypting data
51
Complete list traversal: Moves through a list from start to end, processing each element
True
False
52
Problem
A method for compressing data without losing any information
A task or question that requires a solution
A type of computer network that connects devices within a limited area
A programming error that causes unexpected behavior in a program
53
personally identifiable information (PII)
Information that is publicly available
A method for compressing personal information
A type of data encryption for personal data
Information that can be used to identify an individual
54
Linear or sequential search:
A search algorithm that divides the search space in half at each step
A method for encrypting data to protect it from unauthorized access
A type of computer network that connects devices within a limited area
A search algorithm that checks each item in a list in order
55
. lossless data compression
A compression technique that retains all original data when decompressed
A compression technique that discards some data when decompressed
A compression technique that encrypts data
A compression technique that samples data for analysis
56
31. computing device
A specific type of computer used for scientific computing
Any type of device that can perform computing tasks
A type of data compression device
A type of data encryption device
57
keylogging
A method for encrypting keystrokes
A type of malware that records keystrokes on a computer
A method for compressing data keystrokes
A type of data encryption for key data
58
open access
Unrestricted access to information and resources
A method for compressing data
A type of data encryption for open content
Restricted access to information and resources
59
Decimal (base 10):
problem that seeks to find the best solution among many possible solutions
A number system that uses 10 digits (0-9) to represent numbers
A programming error that causes the program to crash
A technique for compressing data without losing any information
60
redundancy
Duplication of components or functions to increase system reliability
A type of data compression technique
Elimination of non-essential components in a system
A method for encrypting data redundantly
61
Instance of a problem
A method for compressing data by removing redundant information
A type of computer virus that spreads through network connections
A programming construct that represents a single value or piece of data
A specific example of a problem that needs to be solved
62
Analog data
A method for compressing data
Data represented using discrete values
A type of data encryption
Data represented using continuous values
63
HTTP
High-Tech Programming Protocol
A type of data encryption for web pages
A method for compressing data transmission
Hypertext Transfer Protocol, the protocol used for transmitting web pages
64
parallel computing
Performing computing tasks one after the other
A method for compressing parallel data
A type of data encryption for parallel systems
Performing multiple computing tasks simultaneously
65
Data compression
The process of organizing data for quick retrieval
The process of sampling data for analysis
The process of reducing the size of data for storage or transmission
The process of encrypting data for storage
66
rogue access point
A secure access point for authorized users
unauthorized access point that allows unauthorize access to secure network
A type of data encryption for rogue networks
A method for compressing access points
67
Definition of strong password
A password that is easy to remember and commonly used
A password that is written down and kept in a safe place
password is difficult to guess but easy to remember and provides security
A password that is shared among multiple accounts
68
Heuristic
A problem-solving strategy that uses trial and error
A search algorithm that divides the search space in half at each step
A technique for compressing data without losing any information
A programming error that causes the program to crash
69
simulation
A type of data encryption for simulations
The imitation of a real-world process or system over time
A type of data visualization technique
A method for compressing data
70
public key encryption
A cryptographic system that uses a single key for encryption and decryption
A method for compressing public keys
A type of data encryption for public use
A cryptographic system that uses two keys: a public key and a private key
71
computer network
A method for compressing network data
A single computer used for networking tasks
A type of data encryption for computer networks
A group of interconnected computers that can communicate with each other
72
Iteration is the repetition of a process or set of instructions
True
False
73
Syntax error
An error caused by data overflow
A violation of the programming language rules
An error that occurs during program execution
A mistake in the logic of a program
74
protocol
A type of data encryption technique
A set of rules for communication between devices
A method for routing data
A method for compressing communication data
75
Multifactor authentication
A security process that requires only one form of identification
A method for compressing authentication data
A type of data encryption for multiple factors
security process that requires more than one form of identification
76
Sampling technique
A method for encrypting data
A method for compressing data
A method for cleaning data
A method for selecting a subset of data for analysis
77
Definition of Encryption
A method for compressing data by removing unnecessary details
converting plaintext into ciphertext to protect from unauthorized access
A programming construct that allows the repetition of a process
A technique for dividing a problem into smaller subproblems
78
computing innovation
The maintenance of existing computing systems
A type of data compression technique
A type of data encryption for computing innovations
The creation and implementation of new computing technologies
79
Undecidable problem:
A programming construct that represents a single value or piece of data
A problem that cannot be solved using an algorithm
A method for compressing data by removing unnecessary details
A technique for dividing a problem into smaller subproblems
80
packets
A type of data storage format
A type of data encryption technique
A method for compressing data
Units of data transmitted over a network
81
World Wide Web
A single computer network
A method for compressing web data
A type of data encryption for the web
A global system of interconnected computer networks
82
computing system
A type of data encryption for computing systems
A single computing device
A collection of computing devices and software working together
A method for compressing computing data
83
Logic error:
An error that occurs during program execution
A mistake in the syntax of a program
A type of software bug
An error in the programming logic that produces incorrect results
84
open source
A type of data compression technique
A type of proprietary software
Software that is only available to specific users
Software that publicly available and can be modified and distributed freely
