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Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
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NC Final Exam Review
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
On a topographic map, _____ is measured as the distance above or below sea level
elevation
relief
topography
contour interval
2
Which of the following systems purifies the water you drink?
rainwater treatment
drinking water treatment
nuclear water treatment
wastewater treatment
3
The length of an Earth day is determined by the time required for approximately one of
the Moon's revolution
Earth's revolution
Earth's rotation
Sun's rotation
4
This is formed when impermeable rock forces groundwater to move up and flow onto the surface?
an aquifer
a spring
a geyser
a well
5
What is the approximate rate of Earth’s rotation?
1 rotation/day
1 rotation/month
1 rotation/year
1 rotation/hour
6
Which of these is likely to occur after moist air is cooled below its dew point?
Ice Melts
Water Condenses
Wind Forms
Evaporation Increases
7
Which results from the unequal heating of the ocean water of Earth? (Poles=Cold, Equator=Warm)
a constant sea level
ocean currents
rising sea levels
tidal patterns
8
Which would produce the most severe earthquake damage along the surface ofEarth?
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 4.5
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 4.5
9
A local government is considering building a dam. Which is an advantage of building a dam?
it can improve the natural habitat of plants and animals.
Lower air pollution
It is cheap, and reliable
It can reduce erosion
10
What is the zero degree longitude line that runs through Greenwich, England?
Longitudinal Maximum
Prime Meridian
Equator
Great Circle
11
Earth’s outer core and inner core are both inferred to be
liquid
composed of a high percentage of iron and nickle
the same temperature
solid
12
How would you describe the shape of Earth's planetary orbit?
spheriod
oblate
random revolution
elliptical
13
Use the diagram to answer the question
S waves cannot travel through liquid
P waves travel through liquids only
S waves travel through solids and liquids
P waves can't travel through solids
14
Which structure can form as a result of a divergent plate boundary?
mid-ocean ridge, due to uplift and separation of two plates
continent volcanic arc, due to the collision of two plates
ocean trench, due to the separation of two plates
continental mountain, due to the collision of two plates
15
Which part of Earth’s interior has convection currents that cause tectonic plates to move?
outer core
asthenosphere
inner core
rigid mantle
16
How does heat from the sun get to Earth?
as electromagnetic waves through radiation
by absorption, using primary waves to transfer heat
by convection, using liquids and gases to transfer theheat
by conduction, using solids to transfer the heat
17
The most destructive aspect of submarine (underwater) earthquakes is the production of :
ridges
hotspots
tsunamis
new crust
18
Which is most likely a prevention strategy for flooding?
building waste landfills for metals and other contaminants
building artificial levees
reducing water consumption
recycling bottled-water containers
19
Put the following in order - from largest to smallest
Milky Way galaxy, solar system, Earth, universe, Moon
Earth, Milky Way galaxy, solar system, universe, Moon
Moon, Earth, sun, solar system, milky way galaxy, universe
Universe, Milky Way Galaxy, Solar System, Sun, Earth, Moon
20
How does a STRAIGHT alignment between Earth, the sun, and the moon impact the tides on Earth?
Spring Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Spring Tide: greatest change in high and low tides.
Neap Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Neap Tide: greatest change in high and low tides
21
The place where an earthquake originates is called the
Focus
Boundary
Trench
Epicenter
22
What surface feature is NOT formed at an oceanic-oceanic CONVERGENT boundary?
volcanoes
trench
mid-ocean ridge
volcanic island arc
23
This illustrates the change in DIRECTION of Earth's tilt every 26,000-27,000 years, known as
barycenter
nutation
precession
radiation
24
Why is there a full Moon approximately once a month?
The moon does not rotate on its axis
the Moon revolves around the Earth once a month
The Moon rotates on its axis once a month.
the Moon revolves around the Sun once a month
25
What are humans most directly impacting when they kill off a species of plant or animal?
biodiversity
greenhouse effect
speciation
rates of weathering
26
The theory that our universe was created when all matter&energy was sent out from one point is
Big Bang Theory
Quantum Physics
String Theory
Theory of relativity
27
What chemical has slowly depleted the Ozone layer of the years?
industrial runoff into a stream
Greenhouse Gases
Chloroflourocarbons (CFCs)
Monoflourocarbons (MFCs)
28
Scientists can use the time differences between P-waves and S-waves to determine the following:
the magnitude of an earthquake
the epicenter of an earthquake
the duration of an earthquake
the intensity of an earthquake
29
How can water be an agent for physical/mechanical weathering? (remember mechanics use tools)
by absorbing sulfur oxides and creating acid precipitation
by seeping into soil and dissolving the minerals in rocks
absorbing gases in the air resulting in a chemical reaction
seeping into cracks of rocks: freeze, expand, break the rock
30
The sun's surface is almost 6000 degrees K. Cool areas on the surface are known as
prominences
sunspots
convection zones
solar flares
31
Energy is produced within a star’s core by the process of
Insolation
Nuclear Fusion
Conduction
Radioactive decay
32
Which type of nuclear reaction is used by the Sun?
nuclear fusion
nuclear disaster
nuclear cessation
nuclear fission
33
Which is an example of point source pollution?
land development
factory smokestack
acid rain
polluted runoff
34
digging a well along a coastal area will likely result in what?
the loss of water resources in estuaries
saltwater intrusion into aquifers
a decrease in salt concentration in inlet waterways
the destruction of estuaries due to increases in sea level
35
Which type of renewable energy would work best on NC's coast?
solar
wind
biofuel
hydroelectric
36
Which diagram represents a divergent boundary?
B
C
D
A
37
Which events are most closely associated with mountains and volcanoes?
acid rain
geysers
earthquakes
tsunamis
38
Which can lead to the depletion of the ozone layer of Earth?
vehicle exhaust
aerosols
coal-fired power plants
burning compost
39
Which weather change is most likely indicated by rapidly falling barometric pressure?
A storm is approaching.
Humidity is decreasing.
Skies are clearing.
Temperature is increasing.
40
Ocean tides observed at coastal locations each day are primarily caused by
the gravitational pull between the Moon, Sun, and Earth
seasonal changes in the compass location of sunrise
Earth’s revolution around the Sun
Earth's tilt relative to the sun
41
The picture below shows a _________ fault?
Reverse
Block
Normal
Transform
42
Earth moves fastest when it is closest to the Sun & slowest when farther away is explained by
Copernicus' Laws
Kepler's Laws
Galileo's Laws
Hubble's Law
43
Why are ocean currents important to coastal regions?
They balance air temperatures along coastal regions.
They produce high and low tides along coastal regions.
They move warm H2O & nutrients to the surface along coasts.
Increases rates of precip. as cold water moves up the coast
44
Which part of the Sun’s electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
X-rays
Infrared
Radio
UV
45
Identify
one
process that causes clouds to form on the windward side of a mountain
Warming
Compression
Rising Air
Sinking Air
46
The photo below demonstrates the "wobbling" of earth's axis during rotation and is known as
rotation
barycenter
precession
nutation
47
The most destructive aspect of submarine earthquakes is the production of :
ridges
new crust
hotspots
tsunamis
48
Which gas makes up the largest component of the Earth’s atmosphere?
oxygen (O2)
nitrogen (N2)
argon (Ar)
carbon dioxide (CO2)
49
The observation that waves lengthen as objects move away and shorten as they approach is called
Doppler Effect
Kepler's Laws
Copernicus Effect
Hubble's Law
50
Which is a major source of AIR pollution created by humans?
nuclear power plants
hydroelectric plants
reforestation
industrial power plants
51
The seasons of the year on Earth are determined by the ____________.
tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the sun
Speed of Earth's revolution
speed of Earth's rotation
shape of Earth's orbit relative to the sun
52
The sun is in what stage of its life cycle?
main sequence star
white dwarf
protostar
red giant
53
On a topographic map, lines spaced far apart indicate
water
gentle slopes
steep slopes
shallow rivers
54
Carbon dioxide and methane cause global warming because they are excellent absorbers of
visible light
infrared radiation (heat)
CFCs
gamma rays
55
Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called
lava
volcanic ash
rock
magma
56
The formula MASS divided by VOLUME gives
Specific Gravity
Density
Gradient
Rate
57
The sun produces energy through nuclear fusion by converting:
Oxygen nuclei into nitrogen
helium nuclei into hydrogen nuclei
Oxygen nuclei into carbon dioxide
hydrogen nuclei into a helium nucleus
58
What is the approximate location of point A?
21oN, 65oW
21oS, 65oW
21oS, 65oE
21oN, 65oE
59
What is the primary function of the clear glass of the greenhouse?
It allows long waves to enter, but shortwaves can't escape.
It reduces the amount of insolation entering the greenhouse.
It allows all wavelengths of radiation to enter and escape.
It allows short waves in, but the long waves can't escapes.
60
Which statement describes the motion of Earth around the sun?
Earth's velocity increases the closer it is to the sun
Earth revolves around the sun every 30 days
Earth revolves around the sun every 24 hours
Speed increases the farther Earth is from the sun .
61
The layer with the highest amount of Humus (organic material) is known as layer
O
C
B
A
62
In North Carolina, summer is warmer than winter because in summer North Carolina has
more hours of daylight and receives high angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives low angle insolation
more hours of daylight andreceives low-angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives high angle insolation
63
If it is summer in the northern hemisphere, which statement is true?
It is winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's rotation .
Its winter in the southern hemi due to the Earth’s tilt.
It's winter in the southern hemi due to nutation
It's winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's revolution
64
In which atmospheric layer of Earth do thunderstorms occur?
thermosphere
troposphere
mesosphere
stratosphere
65
What is the source of energy for the sun?
burning of solar gasses
internal combustion
nuclear fission of metals
hydrogen fusion
66
Which fuel source can be used to live more sustainably?
oil
natural gas
biofuels
coal
67
What causes the Earth to have seasons?
the rotation of Earth on its axis
the tilt of Earth’s axis
the barycenter of the Sun
nutation
68
Which of these is caused by the rotation of Earth?
Spring and Fall
A year
Tides
Days and nights
69
Which describes a disadvantage to adding large quantities of sand to stabilize the shoreline.
It creates a wall disrupting the vegetation along coasts.
It causes inland erosion.
It creates a barrier preventing tides along coastlines.
It is a short-term solution.
70
Why does the moon have a greater effect on the tides than the sun?
the moon is solid while the sun is gaseous
The moon is closer than the sun to the Earth
The moon is larger than the sun
The moon rotates more quickly than the sun
71
Which is the best example of human impacts on the biosphere?
protecting endangered species
hunting
air pollution
deforestation
72
Which can help reduce human impacts on the atmosphere?
burning fossils fuels
sustainable farming
traditional farming
using pesticides
73
Which agent of erosion leads to the destruction AND formation of sand dunes?
ice
water
wind
gravity
74
Which consequence could an exponentially growing human population have ondrinkable water?
It could cause an increase in cases of waterborne diseases.
It could cause a decrease in needing water for survival.
May cause a decrease in the amount of waste & pollutants.
May cause an increase in amount of H2O available for humans.
75
How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact the LITHOSPHERE?
increasing transpiration
decreasing oxygen production
increasing erosion
increasing soil formation
76
__________ is evidence of Seafloor Spreading, while Seafloor Spreading is evidence of ________.
Continental Drift / Plate Tectonics and Reverse Polarity
Plate Tectonics / Reverse Polarity
Magnetic Reversal / Reverse Polarity
Reverse Polarity / Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift
77
The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are typically located near what feature?
abyssal plain
mid-ocean ridge
a subduction trench
continental shelf
78
Which variable could be changed by the experimenter?
constant variable
dependent variable
control variable
independent variable
79
The movement of tectonic plates is inferred by many scientists to be driven by
solidification in the lithosphere
density differences in the troposphere
convection currents in the asthenosphere
tidal motions in the hydrosphere
80
Our solar system is considered to be
one of the biggest in the universe
heliocentric (sun in the center)
socially awkward like Mrs. G
planetocentric (planet in the center)