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Unit 5 Test Review
Unit 5 Test Review
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Chapters 21, 22, and 23 review.
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
The educated population, explosion of newspapers, and telegraph made which career possible?
art
carpentry
teaching
journalism
2
In addition to personal communication the telegraph was used to
help hearing-impaired students learn to speak.
conduct business & share news from far away places quickly.
advance the study of aerodynamics.
speak with loved ones who lived far away.
3
The mercantile system in Britain was replaced by
laissez-faire economics.
department stores.
entrepreneurship.
socialism.
4
After about 1825, factories began to be located near
coal mines
the ocean
rivers
cotton fields
5
People who advocated social democracy wanted to
move from capitalism to socialism by democratic means.
move from capitalism to socialism through a revolution.
elect Karl Marx president of the United States.
establish utopias around the world.
6
How did industrialization lead to reform movements?
Lack of industrialization in some industries led to change
Increased prosperity of factory workers led them to change
Factory owners called for economic reforms
Industrialization did not affect the reform movement.
7
How did industrialization hurt skilled craft workers working in cottage industry?
by shifting populations from countryside to city
by leading to a shortage of raw materials
by leading to a labor movement that raised wages
by undercutting prices of their products
8
Which of the following realistic writers revealed the unfair treatment of women in families?
Leo Tolstoy
Henrik Ibsen
Mary Wollstonecraft
William Wordsworth
9
After Charles X abdicated, French leaders formed what kind of government?
an absolute monarchy
a democratic republic
a constitutional monarchy
an empire
10
Which statement describes a market economy?
Strict regulations govern businesses.
Businesses and individuals are free to compete for trade.
The government dictates what factories will produce.
Skilled workers are in high demand.
11
Which of the following disciplines benefited from Charles Darwin's work?
cultural anthropology
physical anthropology
medicine
psychology
12
Which was a significant factor in the expansion of the railroad system in the 1800s?
the invention of the Bessemer process
the discovery of electricity
production of the Model T
preparation for the Paris Exhibition of 1900
13
Industrialization had which of the following effects on middle-class people?
Their standard of living decreased.
They became active in the labor movement.
They worked harder than ever before.
They now had time and money to spend on leisure.
14
What factor explains Great Britain's Industrialization?
expansion of cottage industries
growth of private investment
increasing political instability
improvements in social equality
15
The Reform Act of 1832 was passed to address which of the following issues?
unequal representation in Parliament
harmful conditions for child workers
widespread alcoholism in Britain
women's lack of suffrage
16
Which of the following was
not
an effect of the Industrial Revolution?
more people were needed to work on farms
there were poor working conditions in the factories
the workers should own and control industry
cities experienced overcrowding, pollution, and disease
17
Which of the following was one effect of the factory system?
The price of products increased.
Workers dealt directly with merchants.
More people joined the middle class.
Workers became more skilled.
18
A region in northwestern England became known as the "black country" because
iron-smelting factories polluted the air.
laborers there smudged coal dust on their faces.
industries located there were all immensely profitable.
the sand on the beaches was dark gray.
19
According to Sigmund Freud, mental illness could be caused by
an inherited trait.
repressed thoughts in the unconscious mind.
a concussion.
a chemical imbalance in the brain.
20
Which of the following countries was the first to industrialize?
Japan
France
the United States
Great Britain
21
The Congress of Vienna did which of the following?
supported democratic reforms in areas conquered by Napoleon
formed democratic republics across Europe
fulfilled hopes of ethnic groups who wanted to self-govern
restored Louis XVIII to the French throne
22
One effect of the expansion of the railroads was that
horse-drawn carriages were no longer used.
consumers had a greater choice of low-cost products.
the price of steel rose.
the population of the East declined.
23
Which of the following countries achieved independence with the least violence and bloodshed?
Venezuela
Brazil
Bolivia
Mexico
24
How did electric power impact industry?
By increasing efficiency, it shortened the work day.
It allowed factories to move away from water sources.
It reduced the cost of powering heavy machinery.
It increased safety hazards in manufacturing plants.
25
Which was a negative result of the growth of the textile industry in Great Britain?
the spread of slavery in the United States.
fewer cotton farms in Great Britain
the huge population growth in the country
the expansion of agriculture in India
26
What caused the growth in leisure time activities in the late 1800s?
private funding of concert halls and theaters
the move from cities to suburbs
higher incomes and more free time
automobiles
27
Charles Darwin's book was controversial because it
stated that all human diseases could be cured.
said there were patterns among elements in periodic table.
justified withholding welfare from the poor.
different from the creation story in the Bible.
28
Marx said establishing a society based on cooperation & equal distribution of wealth requires
a revolution.
universal public education.
development of a wealthy industrial class.
an energy crisis.
29
What enabled the United States to industrialize rapidly?
the criminalization of the labor movement
a strong navy and merchant marine
the enclosure movement
a wealth of natural resources and a large labor force
30
Who disproved the long-held belief that an atom is a solid piece of matter?
Albert Einstein
Ernest Rutherford
Dmitri Mendeleyev
Marie Curie
31
Which of the following is a social science?
biology
law
chemistry
psychology
32
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of French rulers?
Charles X, Louis Philippe, Louis Napoleon
Charles X, Louis XVIII, Louis Napoleon, Louis Philippe
Napoleon I, Napoleon II, Napoleon III, Louis XVIII
Louis Philippe, Charles X, Napoleon III
33
In contrast to capitalism, socialism states that
businesses and individuals should own and control industry.
the workers should own and control industry.
there should be no industry.
society or the government should own and control industry.
34
How did Agustín de Iturbide become emperor of Mexico?
overthrowing the democratically-elected govt in coup d'etat
bringing together creoles, peninsulares, & revolutionaries
cultivating the favor of the Roman Catholic Church
marrying the daughter of the king of Spain
35
How did the Model T differ from earlier automobile models?
It was affordable.
It used electric power.
It was luxurious.
It came in many bright colors.
36
Who was the first leader of an independent Brazil?
John VI
Antonio Nariño
Pedro I
Simón Bolívar
37
Which revolutionaries wanted to unite all of South America into the Federation of the Andes?
Jose de San Martin
Jose Maria Morelos
Simon Bolivar
Pedro I
38
The Revolution of 1830 in France replaced Charles X with
Émile Zola.
Emperor Napoleon III.
Louis Philippe.
Klemens von Metternich.
39
The idea of separate spheres implied that
women stayed home while men supported the family.
women and men should work side by side in industry.
men provided moral guidance in the business world.
boy s and girls should be educated separately.
40
What led to the growth of the middle class?
the growth of universities.
the increase in prices of manufactured goods.
industry's need for managers and other mid-level employees.
the increasing profit earned from small, family-owned farms.
41
How did the radio differ from the telegraph?
Radio was used in the United States; the telegraph in Europe
The telegraph required wires; the radio did not
Radio became wildly popular by 1900; the telegraph did not
Radio operators used Morse code; telegraph operators did not
42
Which group of people in Latin America was most likely to be revolutionaries?
peninsulares
Africans
Indians
creoles
43
Brazilian colonists achieved their independence from Portugal when
Prince Pedro declared Brazil independent.
they threatened to fight to the death.
they hired José de San Martín to lead their army.
they attached the capital city.
44
What was the effect of the Reform Act of 1832?
It regulated working conditions & minimum wages in industry.
It created the United Kingdom.
It gave women the right to vote for members of Parliament.
It gave industrial cities representation in Parliament.
45
Both Miguel Hidalgo and Jose Maria Morelos were
opposed to Iturbide's proposal.
executed by Portuguese authorities.
peninsulares.
executed by Spanish authorities.
46
Who defined poetry as "the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings from emotions"?
Charles Dickens
Leo Tolstoy
William Wordsworth
Ludwig van Beethoven
47
Karl Marx and Frederick Engels argued that capitalism would inevitably lead to
an extensive welfare state
an energy crisis
poverty and a workers' revolution
enslavement of most of the population
48
Which of the following was a solution to scarce living and working space in cities?
the mechanization of industry
the construction of skyscrapers
the construction of subways
the expansion of public education
49
Despite Queen Victoria's views,
Disraeli voted against extending the vote to women.
Pankhurst did not want women's suffrage.
Gladstone insisted on independence for Ireland.
Disraeli supported women's voting rights.
50
Mass production, which created an increase in the quantity of goods produced, led to
higher wages and shorter hours.
an increase in the cost of factory-made goods.
an increase in the number of workers factories needed.
more consumer goods available to more people.
51
Which of the following
most likely
explains the rise of labor unions?
Factory owners wanted better-trained workers.
Workers wanted their interests heard.
The need for more workers was increasing.
Governments began regulating businesses.
52
What initially delayed the growth of industry in Germany?
a lack of natural resources
a revolution
a strong army
the lack of a central government
53
According to natural selection, what bird would most likely produce offspring?
one with a bright color and a sweet song
one swept hundreds of miles off course to Galapagos Islands
one with a beak well-adapted to catching insects or seeds
one who was too sickly to migrate
54
Why did the British government create the Canadian dominion?
to provide a market for British goods
to keep colonies from rebelling against British rule
to exploit the territory's vast natural resources
to create a buffer zone between Canadian colonies and the US
55
Who led the Second Empire in France?
Napoleon III
Louis Philippe
Napoleon I
Charles X
56
Unlike the French revolutions of the 1800s, the revolutions in Latin America sought
improvements in factory conditions.
a return to absolute monarchy.
Communist government.
independence.
57
Which style does "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings from emotions..." represent?
realism
rationalism
Enlightenment thought
romanticism
58
What did Benjamin Disraeli, Emmeline Pankhurst, and the Chartists have in common?
All sought to extend the voting rights.
All opposed child labor.
All donated large sums of money to orphanages.
All worked to limit immigration.
59
What development was essential to the expansion of cities to the suburbs?
the emergence of public transportation systems
the invention of the telegraph
the professionalization of nursing
the growth of sports
60
The Dreyfus affair had a lasting impact because it
barred Jews from holding military commissions for a century.
kept women from voting for another sixty years.
inspired the Zionist movement.
led to the Revolution of 1848.
61
Which natural resource was most important for early development of industry in Great Britain?
timber
iron ore
water
coal
62
The work of Joseph Lister with an antiseptic would have been impossible without the discoveries
of Marie Curie.
of Isaac Newton.
of Louis Pasteur.
of Albert Einstein.
63
Which of the following was one factor that allowed Britain to industrialize first?
government-owned factories
British colonies
a strong army
widespread famine
64
Britain's colonial empire fueled the development of industry in that country because
workers in the colonies earned less than workers in Britain.
war machine required quick & efficient production of goods.
colonies provided slave labor for growing industries.
the nation had access to vast amounts of raw materials.
65
The Luddite movement emerged in order to
agitate for the ten-hour day.
direct strikes breaking out all over Great Britain.
oppose industrial changes that put weavers out of work.
abolish child labor.
