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Human Physiology 2 Body System - Week 11-Digestion and Metabolism - Lecture 4 Flashcards | StudBud
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Human Physiology 2 Body System - Week 11-Digestion and Metabolism - Lecture 4
Human Physiology 2 Body System - Week 11-Digestion and Metabolism - Lecture 4
32 terms
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1
The Bile duct
found at each of the six corners of each liver lobule
collects bile and sends it to the gallbladder
supplies oxygen-rich blood to the liver
carries venous blood with nutrients from digestive viscera
2
Kupffer cells are
Small, closed capillaries located between hepatic plates
Hepatic macrophages found in hepatic flexure
Hepatic macrophages found in liver sinusoids
Enlarged, leaky capillaries located between hepatic plates
3
Hepatocytes take up bile components from blood in
Canaliculi
Sinusoids
Central vein
Bile ductule
4
Gluconeogenesis occurs during periods of
Non-fasting, stable blood sugar, high-carbohydrate diets
Only low carbohydrate diets
Fasting, starvation, low-carbohydrate diets
Only high carbohydrate diets
5
Which of the following is not a composition of bile?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Bile salts
Bile pigments
6
Oxygenated blood passes via the 1._____ and deoxygenated blood (plus nutrients) via the 2._____
1. Inferior vena cava 2. Hepatic artery
1. Hepatic artery 2. Portal vein
1. Portal vein 2. Hepatic artery
1. Hepatic artery 2. Inferior vena cava
7
Ketone bodies are produced where?
Gall Bladder
Pancreas
Liver
Kidney
8
Glycerol
can not
enter the glycolytic pathway.
False
True
9
Bile components and waste products secreted into _______ between cells
Sinusoids
Bile ductule
Canaliculi
Central vein
10
In blood vessels triglycerides are broken down to?
Fatty acids and monoglycerides
Cholesterol and triglycerides
Cholesterol and monoglycerides
Fatty acids and triglycerides
11
Bile converted by bacteria into another pigment called
Albumin
Bile bacteria
Urea
Urobilinogen
12
Which of the following is
not
a function of bile salts?
Facilitate fat and cholesterol absorption
Emulsify fat
Enterohepatic circulation recycles bile salts
Help solubilise protein
13
Jaundice is caused by
Viral hepatitis, drugs/toxins, pregnancy & obstructions
All of the answers
Excessive RBC destruction and liver/gall bladder pathology
Yellow staining of tissues produced by bilirubin
14
Special vascular arrangement of the liver allows rapid access to absorbed what?
Carbohydrates, amino acids and toxins
Carbohydrates and lipids
Carbohydrates and amino acids and lipids
Carbohydrates and amino acids
15
Via which action are fatty acids used by citric acid cycle and to form ATP?
Pyruvate
Acetyl CoA
Citric acid cycle
Methylation
16
Liver converts bilirubin to a water soluble form
Albumin
Inconjugated bilirubin
Bile pigment
Conjugated bilirubin
17
Bilirubin is produced where?
Liver
Liver, spleen, bone marrow and gall bladder
Liver, spleen and bone marrow
Liver and spleen
18
Liver sinusoids are
Hepatic macrophages found in liver sinusoids
Enlarged, leaky capillaries located between hepatic plates
Small, closed capillaries located between hepatic plates
Hepatic macrophages found in hepatic flexure
19
Stored fats are hydrolysed by lipases to release what?
Glycerol
Glycerol and free fatty acids
Glycerol and cholesterol
Free fatty acids
20
Portal triads
carries venous blood with nutrients from digestive viscera
found at each of the six corners of each liver lobule
collects bile and sendit to the gallbladder
supplies oxygen-rich blood to the liver
21
Hepatic portal venule
supplies oxygen-rich blood to the liver
carries venous blood with nutrients from digestive viscera
collects bile and sendit to the gallbladder
found at each of the six corners of each liver lobule
22
Ketones are
Weak organic acids – increase blood pH
Weak organic acids –lower blood pH
Strong organic acids –increase blood pH
Strong organic acids –lower blood pH
23
Canaliculi drain into bile ducts via what?
Sinusoids
Ductules
Canaliculi
Central vein
24
Jaundice in neonates (babies) is treated with
Phototherapy
Proton pump inhibitor
Digestive enzymes
Protontherapy
25
Bile pigments are also referred to as?
Bilirrubin
Cholesterol
Neutral fats
Phospholipids
26
Which of the following
is not
a function of hepatocytes
Redistribution
Production of bile
Processing blood borne nutrients
Storage of fat-soluble vitamins
27
Hepatic arteriole
collects bile and sendit to the gallbladder
supplies oxygen-rich blood to the liver
found at each of the six corners of each liver lobule
carries venous blood with nutrients from digestive viscera
28
Chylomicron remnants taken up by liver and are?
Only degraded
Degraded or recycled
Eliminated in bile
Only recycled
29
The liver has a role in the Production of clotting factors e.g. fibrinogen
True
False
30
Which of the following is
not
a function of the liver?
Development of specific cells of the immune system
Produce and store bile
Maintain and detoxify the blood
Process nutrients - carbohydrates, lipids and proteins
31
Reduced insulin levels results in activation of?
Glycogenolysis and glucagon
Gluconeogenesis
Glycogenolysis
Glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
32
In Alcoholic Liver Disease metabolism of alcohol causes what to happen?
Alcohol allows toxins from intestine to enter blood
Fat and toxins e.g. acetaldehyde
All of the answers
Stimulates Kupffercells (in liver) to release cytokines
